XXII ISPRS Congress 2012: Technical Commission VII

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1663813779

Title:: XXII ISPRS Congress 2012

Sub title:: Melbourne, Australia, 25 August-1 September 2012

Year of publication:: 2013

Place of publication:: Red Hook, NY

Publisher of the original:: Curran Associates, Inc.

Identifier (digital):: 1663813779

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Kongress-Thema: Imaging a sustainable future

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 22., 2012, Melbourne; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 22., 2012, Melbourne; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 22., 2012, Melbourne; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 22., 2012, Melbourne; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 1663821976

Title:: Technical Commission VII

Scope:: 546 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2013

Place of publication:: Red Hook, NY

Publisher of the original:: Curran Associates, Inc.

Identifier (digital):: 1663821976

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(39,B7)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist ermittelt.; Literaturangaben

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 22., 2012, Melbourne; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 22., 2012, Melbourne; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 22., 2012, Melbourne; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 22., 2012, Melbourne; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: [VII/4: METHODS FOR LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION]

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: IDENTIFICATION OF LAND COVER IN THE PAST USING INFRARED IMAGES AT PRESENT V. Safár, V. Zdímal

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

CV pm fV wu P m-— VJ tv International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXIX-B7, 2012 XXII ISPRS Congress, 25 August — 01 September 2012, Melbourne, Australia IDENTIFICATION OF LAND COVER IN THE PAST USING INFRARED IMAGES AT PRESENT V. Safát ?, V.Zdímal ^" * GEODIS BRNO Ltd., Lazaretní 11a, 615 00 Brno, Czech Republic — vaclav.safar@geodis.cz ? Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemédélská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic — zdimal@mendelu.cz Commission VII, WG VII/4 KEY WORDS: Remote Sensing, Land Cover, Land Use, History, Infrared, Manuscripts, Agriculture ABSTRACT: Czech landscape is an old residential area used by humans since ancient times. People have influenced it since their arrival and various activities in different periods create landscape layers called a palimpsest. Land Cover of one location could have changed several times. The most important reason is meandering and subsequent straightening of rivers, deforestation, relocation and change in soil layers. These changes in the past affected the present management and it is important to identify them. A suitable tool for the determination of different sites is remote sensing in the infrared spectrum, which monitors changes in the vegetation with the support of archival materials. After identifying the different places you can search the archival materials, how the land cover looked in the past. There have been used these archival materials: maps II. and III. military mapping, basic maps and other maps and historical orthophotomap. Czech Republic has a national archive of aerial photographs with aerial photographs from the thirties of the last century maintained by MGHO Dobruska. A comparative analysis of Land Cover shows the increases and decreases in agricultural land, changes in communication line elements, forest losses and increases, comparing the legal and actual status of the forest boundaries and their changes over time, changes in the built areas and links to the surrounding countryside. Land Cover of this study was created primarily with a visual interpretation of each area with their vectorization and assigning attributes to these areas and then comparing each of archival materials. 1. INTRODUCTION The landscape is constantly changing. The causes of these changes are both natural, but nowadays mostly human. In de- veloped countries with dense settlement is great pressure on the landscape and there are many people interested in its use. Czech landscape belongs to old development areas settled by a man from old ages. The landscape has been under human influence since people first arrived on the scene, with individual eras leaving their mark in the form of layers which may be read al- most like a palimpsest. A single location may show evidence of human activity from the different periods and natural changes. The Land Cover of one location could change several times. The most important reason is meandering and following straightening of rivers, deforestation and soil movement. In the past those changes influenced today's management and it is im- portant to identify them. When we design a new Land Use is important to know the Land Cover in the past. Knowledge of the Land Cover in the past allows us to propose the appropriate the Land Use in the present and prevent unsuitable use of land- scape with limited usage. One of the tools used to determine the different places are remote sensing in the near-infrared band monitoring the vegetation changes. These changes show the vegetation places with different histories of others. After identi- fying the different sites it can be found in archival materials, what was the Land Cover in the past. Lipsky [1999] and Kubes [1996] describe detailed origin and development of cultural landscape in the Czech Republic. Czech landscape underwent a fundamental change in the period of socialist collectivization of agricultural production since 1954. The area of agricultural land increased, meadows and grassland were arable in the lower altitudes. Usage of plant pro- * Corresponding author. tection chemicals and chemical fertilizers negatively affected the biota of agricultural land, neighborhood land and biota wa- ter streams and reservoirs. Insecticides kill many insects, heavy metals get worse health status and reproductive abilities of birds and mammals, plant species sensitive to nitrogen disappeared and plants able to live in the new conditions appeared. Increas- ing the area of agricultural land and the change of management of the meadows and pastures have deteriorated aesthetic param- eters of the countryside. In some areas there are occurred in- creasing of the size of area of woody vegetation of agricultural landscape in the period of socialist collectivization of agricul- ture. That development was different in each territory of the re- public, depending on whether it was a production area or mar- ginal. Large-scale socialist farming practices in the country left a number of small unusable areas with weeds and trees. The current state of the landscape is not very different from the con- dition of the landscape during periods of maximum application of forms of socialist agriculture. Examples of simplification of the landscape microstructure are shown in Figures 1. and 2. Spectral characteristic of plants are the main consequences of the different land use. The spectral behavior of vegetation showed a significant increase in reflectance in the near infrared spectrum. It is commonly stated that in the visible spectrum about 20% of incident radiation is reflected by vegetation, while in the near infrared spectrum about 60% is reflected. The differ- ence in the amount of chlorophyll in leafs has a great influence on the determination of LAL An influence of the amount of chlorophyll on the LAI determination was studied by Habou- dane et al. (2004). Convenience of used spectral bands is often discussed question. Primary, standard red (RED, 630-690 nm) and near infrared (NIR, 750-900 nm) bands are used. Zhang et al. (2006) used these spectral bands and NDVI, respectively, for

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