Proceedings of Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation: Proceedings of Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 842147969

Title:: Proceedings of Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation

Sub title:: October 7 - 11, 1974, Banff, Alberta, Canada

Year of publication:: 1974

Place of publication:: Ottawa, Ontario

Publisher of the original:: Canadian Inst. of Surveying

Identifier (digital):: 842147969

Language:: German

Other Title:: Nebentitel: Proceedings : Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation

Corporations:: Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation, 1974, Banff, Alberta; International Society for Photogrammetry, Commission Interpretation of Data; Canadian Institute of Surveying

Adapter:: Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation, 1974, Banff, Alberta; International Society for Photogrammetry, Commission Interpretation of Data; Canadian Institute of Surveying

Founder of work:: Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation, 1974, Banff, Alberta; International Society for Photogrammetry, Commission Interpretation of Data; Canadian Institute of Surveying

Other corporate:: Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation, 1974, Banff, Alberta; International Society for Photogrammetry, Commission Interpretation of Data; Canadian Institute of Surveying

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 842148353

Title:: Proceedings of Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation

Sub title:: October 7 - 11, 1974, Banff, Alberta, Canada

Scope:: VII Seiten, Seiten 469 - 878

Year of publication:: 1974

Place of publication:: Ottawa, Ontario

Publisher of the original:: Canadian Inst. of Surveying

Identifier (digital):: 842148353

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Signature of the source:: T 15 B 1306

Language:: German

Additional Notes:: Literaturangaben

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Corporations:: Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation, 1974, Banff, Alberta; International Society for Photogrammetry, Commission Interpretation of Data; Canadian Institute of Surveying

Adapter:: Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation, 1974, Banff, Alberta; International Society for Photogrammetry, Commission Interpretation of Data; Canadian Institute of Surveying

Founder of work:: Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation, 1974, Banff, Alberta; International Society for Photogrammetry, Commission Interpretation of Data; Canadian Institute of Surveying

Other corporate:: Symposium on Remote Sensing and Photo Interpretation, 1974, Banff, Alberta; International Society for Photogrammetry, Commission Interpretation of Data; Canadian Institute of Surveying

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2015

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: SPECIAL APPLICATIONS CHAIRMAN. - S. SCHNEIDER

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: TECHNIQUES OF AERIAL ARCHEOLOGY. Thomas Eugene Avery

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Additional problems in obtaining good shadow marks are caused by shadows of obscuring objects, such as hills, trees, and buildings. The masking of minor shadow marks by vegetation may be somewhat alleviated with dormant-season photography, i.e., by photographing certain areas when deciduous plants are leafless. Shadow marks have proven especially valuable for revealing old field sys tems in England. During the Celtic era, it was the practice to define owner ship boundaries with ditches. A ditch was dug along the boundary by the two landowners and a ridge of earth was thrown up on both sides. Remnants of these double hedgebanks, with a ditch in between, are often revealed by shadow marks. Large earthworks of low relief may also be revealed from shadow marks. It was this technique that led to the delineation of an extensive Indian village site on a cultivated floodplain area at Poverty Point, Louisiana. The site con tains the remains of six concentric banks and ditches, each one more than a kilometer in diameter. Cultivation and erosion had reduced the broad, low banks to a height of about 1.2 m, and they remained unrecognized for many years because of the sheer size of the earthworks. Soil Marks Soil marks are variations in the natural color, texture, and moisture of the soil; these variations may result from man-construeted ditches, depressions, excavations, or earth fills. In many instances, the soil profile has been so severely disturbed that the original subsoil has become the present surface soil. The contrasts in photographic tones may be striking and quite definitive, even though such marks are rarely apparent to ground observers. Soil marks may per mit the archeologist to distinguish layers of past human occupation, and to de tect architectural patterns, ditches, canals, or other human alterations of previous landscapes. Natural features such as abandoned stream beds may also be delineated from soil marks. The type of subsoil present is apparently an important factor in producing soil marks. Light-colored subsoils, in combination with dark surface soils, provide excellent marks; for example, where a chalky subsoil contrasts strongly with a brownish surface soil, outstanding soil marks are rendered. In some regions of western Europe, definitive soil marks are closely asso ciated with the distribution of loess; conversely, limestone subsoils appear to be poor for forming soil marks. Soil marks are most easily detected after the first plowing of a field that has gone uncultivated for a long period of time. Weathering tends to emphasize soil marks in fields that have been plowed and left fallow for several years. Soil marks may reappear annually on plowing, and gradually become less distinct. Eventually, as the surface soil becomes nearly uniform, the marks may disappear. Tractors that plow as deep as 40 to 50 cm can destroy soil marks that have persisted for hundreds, or even thousands of years. Harrowing, drill ing, and ridging practices are particularly destructive to soil marks.

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