Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Damen, M. C. J.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856343064

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: XV, 547 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856343064

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 3 Spectral signatures of objects. Chairman: G. Guyot, Liaison: N. J. J. Bunnik

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Relationship between soil and leaf metal content and Landsat MSS and TM acquired canopy reflectance data. C. Banninger

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

TABLE 1 Landsat MSS and TM Spectral Band Vegetation Response Characteristics MSS or TM Band Bandwidth Interval (nm) Plant-Energy Relationships Band 4 500-600 Spectral region of moderate leaf pigment absorption and moderately low plant reflectance. Band 5 600-700 Strong leaf chlorophyll absorption region and low plant reflectance. Band 6 700-800 Crossover region from strong chlorophyll absorption to high leaf cell reflection. Band 7 800-1100 Region of high leaf cell reflection and plant reflec tance, and shows a strong sensitivity to foliage density TM 1 450-520 Region of combined leaf chlorophyll and carotene absorp tion and low plant reflectance. TM 2 520-600 Spans the reflectance peak of green vegetation at 550 nm and shows a slight sensitivity to leaf pigment concentra tion . TM 3 630-690 Region of maximum leaf' chlorophyll absorption and mini mum leaf reflectance. TM 4 760-900 Covers the high vegetation reflectance region of the near-infrared and shows a strong correlation to changes in vegetation density and vigor. TM 5 TM 7 1550-1750 2080-2350 Contain the two reflectance peaks within the water ab sorption region of the shortwave infrared. Both bands are highly sensitive to leaf water content and related stresses. Many of the shortcomings of the MSS spectral bands are ameliorated in the selec tion of the TM bandwidths, which are narrower and more precisely delineate the characteris tic relationships between vegetation and so lar energy. The increase in spatial resolu tion from 76 m to 30 m and radiometric reso lution from 64 to 256 quantisation levels over the MSS sensor system further enhances the capacity of TM data to discriminate stress conditions in vegetation. TABLE 1 lists the important Landsat MSS and TM band responses as they pertain to ve getation . 5. DESCRIPTION OF TEST SITE A Norway spruce stand growing in copper- lead-zinc enriched soils provided the ground data used for establishing the relationship between soil and needle metal content and Landsat MSS and TM acquired canopy reflec tance data. The spruce stand lies between 500 and 600 metres within an upland region consisting of hills and low lying mountains rising to 1200 m in elevation. The prevail ing climatic conditions are those of the humid continental zone. Low-grade metamorphic rocks composed of greenstone, marble, black schist, and car bonate phyllite comprise the underlying bed rock of the test site. Mineralisation con sists of small but rich concentrations of massive galena, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite. The overlying soils are residual in origin and exhibit a well-developed profile. Soil depths range from 35 cm to over 100 cm. Norway spruce (Picea abies, P. excelsa) is the dominant tree type growing at the test site, and occurs as a dense, mature stand interspersed with small amounts of fir, pine, and larch. Deciduous trees, such as beech, ash, maple, and oak, are present as a minor stand constituent. Forest understory consists mainly of forbs, grasses, and small bushes. No manifestations of stress are readily apparent in the forest stand. 6. LANDSAT MSS AND TM SCENE DATA Two Landsat MSS and two Landsat TM scenes comprise the spectral data used in the study. The MSS scenes are from mid-Sep tember 1976 and 1981, and the TM scenes are from early June and August 1984. All scenes are essentially cloud free and have been corrected for atmospheric haze using the darkest object subtraction method of Crane (1971). 7. GROUND DATA COLLECTION Soil and vegetation samples form the main ground data set used in the study. A survey grid comprising 50 m line and station spacings provided the required ground con trol for the sampling. Soil samples were collected at the base of the B-horizon and needle samples gathered from the lower branches of the spruce trees. Tree sampling took place in September and consisted of ap proximately 500 g samples of needles and twigs containing up to five or six year old needles. A collect* analyse^ content photome- from 10- 60-6300 20-940 ] vary fr< 30-340 ] 2-5 ppm 8. ANAL 1 Th< the rel; and spe< dif ferei applyin« various referenc of the : spatial data sei merging the groi correspc TM pixel had to 1 age soil values c present: Soil anc of the 1 merging Landsat the tes1 dot gric 76 metre instante MSS and The pixels c 1981 MSE and in i 9. STAT1 Lir lysis oi establie needle, the cori

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