Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Damen, M. C. J.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856343064

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: XV, 547 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856343064

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 3 Spectral signatures of objects. Chairman: G. Guyot, Liaison: N. J. J. Bunnik

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: The conception of a project investigating the spectral reflectivity of plant targets using high spectral resolution and manifold repetitions. F. Boochs

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

two different The first one, ww 99 m plant species " which alrea- be attained , sugar beets, touchstone for at field with have one of r wheat, bar- the rotation 2 S 2 2 F 2 1 N 2 11 m nter wheat e three inde parameters are ) and nitrogen and fungizid ) and nitrogen These parame- ifferences in on in order to al changes in her so that we tivation (cf. r the collec- It is divided into 7 small pieces (cf. fig.3). The pieces at both sides are reserved for reflection measurements (R), the adjacent ones serve for taking out plants for the laboratory analysis (TP) and the central piece will be harvested at the end of the growing season to determine the produced yield (H). 21 m *• Figure 3 : Functional structure of a plot 3.2 Organizational concept All measurements will be accomplished as simultaneous as possible. During the reflection measurements some plants will be taken out and transported to the laboratory for analysis of the agronomic parameters. The meteorologic data will be taken in parallel with spectral information, while the geometric shape of the plant targets is fixed by means of stereo pic tures just before the measurement cycle starts. The situation in the atmosphere is completely recorded on videotape by means of a CCD video camera for each cycle too. In each plot spectral data will be collected for three different targets with dimensions of 2.8*0.5 m^ approximately. With help of some positioning aides for the radiometer it is tried to reproduce the position of the targets for all measurements during the growing season. This concept assures comparable reflection data for each campaign, as the changes for one target during the growing season may give an idea about the development of selected plants. 3.3 Measuring program The collected data may be divided into four classes : - 1. Agronomic parameters These parameters are necessary to describe the development stage of plants, their health and bio logic situation - 2. Structure parameters This means especially the geometric structure of the measured targets including the surface topo graphy of the whole target and the geometric shape of single plants - 3. Meteorologic data The meteorologic data describes the microclimatic situation in the cultivated fields and their envi ronment. This gives an impression in which amount energy like radiation, humidity or temperature is available for the plants. Additionally, it is im portant to know something about influences like wind, which may affect the reflection measurement. - 4. Radiometric data The field measurement of the radiation reflected from plant targets provides the most important information for the remote sensing application and, after correction of the raw data, should correlate with the produced yield. It is envisaged to adapt the measuring campaign to the course of the plant growth. In general the mea surements should be taken once in two weeks, while for times with rapid changes in the plants the fre quence will be higher. For the whole growing season at least 10 cycles should be collected, assuming that enough days with dry weather conditions are availab le. 3.4 Measuring technique According to the above grouping, the measurements will be taken as follows : - 1. Agronomic data All collected agronomic information is listed in table 1. We have to distinguish between simple evalu ated data like weights, length values or numbers, subjective intrinsic values like stage of growth or influence of disease, and data which needs special equipment, as for some physiologic and morphologic values. The pigment content, for example is determined with help of spectroscopy, the internal structure of leaves will be derived from small thin slices of cell material, while potassium, sodium, nitrogen, and sugar content are measured chemically. All these values will be evaluated for different parts of the plants. Wheat plants, for example, are divided into six different fractions. Each fraction contains a leaf and a part of the stem, whereas the first fraction contains the ear. The division is 1. Physiology - dry matter - pigment content - cell-wall constituents - crude protein content 2. Morphology - stage of growth - stand height - plant geometry - number of leaves - leaf area index - leaf area density - ground cover - weight of beet leaves - internal structure of leaves - plant diseases 3. Beet body - weight - dry matter - potassium, sodium, nitrogen,sugar content Table 1 : Agronomic parameters

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