Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Damen, M. C. J.

Bibliographic data

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856343064

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: XV, 547 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856343064

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 3 Spectral signatures of objects. Chairman: G. Guyot, Liaison: N. J. J. Bunnik

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Mapping of available solar radiation at ground. Ehrhard Raschke & Martin Rieland

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

305 Symposium on Remote Sensing for Resources Development and Environmental Management / Enschede / August 1986 Mapping of available solar radiation at ground Ehrhard Raschke & Martin Rieland Institute for geophysics and meteorology, University of Cologne, FR Germany Abstract : The high correlation between the backscatterance and transmittance of the cloudy atmosphere for solar radiation allows rather accurate estimates of the total solar radiation reaching the ground from operational daylight images taken from meteorological, geostationary satellites. The reduced ISCCP data sets of the B3 - format (30-50 km) enables still accuracies of 4 to 8 percent for monthly averages. Results were obtained from Meteosat and GMS - data. 1. Introduction Many scientific disciplines are interested in accurate time series of avalaible solar radiation over the entire globe. The amount of available solar radiation is important to know for power industry and for agriculture. For meteorological aspects the solar radiation reaching the ground, often named as global radiation, is an important factor for the energy budget of the ground. It causes small scale (spatial and temporal) phenomena, such as convection, but it also influences the Global Climate of the earth. Recent studies made by Woods (1984) for instance show remarkable heating rates in the upper ocean layers due to the absorption of solar radiation. Although solar heating below the mixed layer is weak, it can be significant on longer time scales. The determination of global radiation by evaluating satellite data may be the only way to complete the sparse worldwide distribution of ground based measurements. Methods to map the downward solar radiation at ground on the basis of operational daylight images Of the earth from satellites make use of the fact that the reflectance or backscatterance of the atmosphere for solar radiation is highly correlated with its transmittance. Only relatively small corrections for some effects are required. A method, originally developed by Moser and Raschke (1982), is applied to B3-data sets from the geostationary satellites Meteosat (Gratzki,1985) and GMS (Riel and,1985). These data samples are the basis for worldwide cloud retrievals within the ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project, WCP-Report 42,1982). 2. The Model While solar radiation is propagating through the atmosphere its amount and spectral distribution is changed due to interaction with atmospheric components (e.g. clouds (absorption, scattering), aerosols and dust (mainly scattering), water vapor content (absorption) and ozone content (absorption)). The influence of clouds, which is the most important, is taken into account by evaluation of satellite measurements. The remaining factors, some of them are mentionend above, are calculated by radiative transfer calculations (Two-stream-approx.,Kerschgens 1978) for certain mean standard atmosphere profiles (see Tab. 2.1). The idea of the model is the inference of the (2.1) Mo = Mon * Moo + (1-M On) ^ Momln Mo ! global radiation Mq 0 : maximum global radiation, case I M Bmln : minimum global radiation, case II M 0n Ï normalized global radiation, 0 < M Gn < 1 (2.2) Mr - M. * M, + (1-Mnn) * M f (2.3) Mon - g(6o,Mr„) (2.4) Moo = f(6o) atmospheric transmittance for solar radiation (0.2 ^m < X < 4.0 ^m) from the reflected solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere, which can be measured by satellites. The global radiation and the reflected solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere are parameterized as linear relationships between two cases : (I) cloudfree atmosphere (II) atmosphere with optically very thick clouds (6 > 40) M R : reflected solar radiation Mrmin: minimum reflected solar radiation, case I maximum reflected solar radiation, case II M Rn : normalized reflected solar radiation, 0 < Mr„ < 1 The relationship between the normalized global radiation (or atmospheric transmittance) M D n and the normalized reflected radiation M Bn is investigated by radiative transfer calculations. M 0 n is developed as a function of 8 0 and the normalized reflected radiation h Rn , ' for different mean standard atmospheres (see Tab. 2.1). For different mean standard atmosphere profiles the maximum global radiation M 00 is developed as a function of the sun zenith angle 0 O . The figures 2.1 and 2.2 show some examples for Moo and Mon.

Access restriction

Copyright

fullscreen: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management (Volume 1)

Multivolume work

Volume

Chapter

Chapter

Table of contents

Cite and reuse

Volume

Chapter

Image

Image fragment

Citation links

Citation recommendation