Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Damen, M. C. J.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856343064

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: XV, 547 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856343064

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 4 Renewable resources in rural areas: Vegetation, forestry, agriculture, soil survey, land and water use. Chairman: J. Besenicar, Liaisons: M. Molenaar, Th. A. de Boer

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Optimal Thematic Mapper bands and transformations for discerning metal stress in coniferous tree canopies. C. Banninger

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

373 TABLE 2 Usefulness of Thematic Mapper Bands and Transformations for Discerning Metal Stress in Coniferous Tree Canopies Rank Spain TM Scenes Austria TM Scenes Spain-Austria TM Scenes January August June August All Dates Group I TM4 - BD1 ND1 PC1 TMB ND1 R41 BD1 TM1 ND3 TMB BD2 TM5 TM7 Group II TM3 TMW BD3 BD 1 TM4 PC1 TM7 R41 TMG BD2 TM2 BD7 BD2 BD3 BD3 TM5 ND7 PC1 PC1 TMG BD5 TM4 R43 BD7 TM5 TM5 R31 PC1 ND5 Group III TMG R45 TMB TM4 BD1 R47 TMG TMB TM7 R23 BD7 TM5 BD3 BD7 Group IV R2 3 R57 TM7 TM2 TMW BD1 ND3 TM7 ND2 TMB R43 alues" of alues re- ups is orrespond- p-ranked ions for TABLE 2, as n bands and scene and trans- August scene respondence :ase with : Spanish iormations ;d Spanish :ed also 1 transfor- /■idual scene ire repre- 7 three of p-ranked md BD1) are Lscriminat- Eourth ranked 4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The application of Thematic Mapper bands and transformations for geobotanical pro specting requires that a stress discrimina tor be both robust and simple to employ. It needs to be able to work equally well with scene data acquired from clear as well as hazy or cloudy (hence varying scene illumi nation conditions) scene dates, and with low as well as high solar elevation angles. Both the first principal component (PC1) and the band difference BD1 appear to meet these criteria, with the band difference being the simpler of the two to apply. A potential problem inherent in utilising the first principal component is the scene dependency of its derived eigenvector coefficients, which may restrict its use with data from scenes differing significantly from the one(s) employed in its formulation. The The matic Mapper brightness (TMB) index, how ever, is based on the intrinsic physical characteristics of the scene features, there by allowing it to be applied universally to data sets from different regions and acqui sition dates. The dominant representation of Thematic Mapper bands 5 and 7 in the higher ranking bands and transformations of the August Spanish scene implies a strong presence of water stress in the pine tree canopy. This is to be expected, as July and August are the hottest and driest months of the year in this part of Spain and the effects of water stress in the trees would be most acute at this time. The lack of any correspondence between the top-ranked TM bands and transformations of the January and August Spanish scenes is likely the consequence of the marked differ ences in solar elevation angles (and hence canopy shadow) between the two scene dates, the presence of numerous cumulus clouds in the immediate vicinity of the test site in the August scene (resulting in varying can opy illumination conditions), and the like lihood of severe water stress conditions being present in the pine tree canopy in the August scene. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: NASA Ames Research Center, ZGF in Munich, and the European Space Angency kindly supplied the Landsat TM CCT's of the Spanish and Austrian test areas used in this study. REFERENCES Banninger, C., 1984. Detection of Heavy Metal Stressed Vegetation Using Landsat Digital Data; Proc. 18th Int. Symp. Rem. Sen. Envi ron., Paris, France, pp. 1101-1105. Banninger, C., 1985a. Geobotanical Remote Sensing of Heavy Metal Stressed Vegetation Using Landsat MSS Data; Proc. Fourth The matic Conf.: Rem. Sen. for Explor. Geology, San Francisco, Environ. Research Inst. Michigan, pp. 339-345. Banninger, C., 1985b. Comparison Between Landsat MSS and Thematic Mapper Data for Geobotanical Prospecting in the Spanish- Portuguese Pyrite Belt; Proc. Int. Geo science and Rem. Sen. Symp. (IGARSS'85), Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, pp. 949-956. Banninger, C., 1985c. Spectral Analysis of a Heavy Metal Stressed Forest Canopy Using Landsat Thematic Mapper Data; 3rd Int. Colloquium Spectral Signatures of Objects

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