Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Damen, M. C. J.

Bibliographic data

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856343064

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: XV, 547 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856343064

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 4 Renewable resources in rural areas: Vegetation, forestry, agriculture, soil survey, land and water use. Chairman: J. Besenicar, Liaisons: M. Molenaar, Th. A. de Boer

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Land use along the Tana River, Kenya - A study with small format aerial photography and microlight aircraft. R. Beck, S. W. Taiti, D. C. P. Thalen

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

376 Figure 1. Study area as part of Eastern Kenya, including Landsat mosaic of june '75, band 7. ble for irrigation. The strategy of opening up and incorporating the Lower Tana River area includes the establishment of large scale irrigation schemes and the utilization of Tana River water for the genera tion of elecricity by the construction of reservoirs in the middle reaches of the River. This policy objective is being pursued vigorously. In the development scenario outlined above the beha viour of the flooded river in the floodplain is felt as an outstanding constraint. It creates difficul ties of accessibility, damages infrastructure and in general impedes these development efforts. A major problem for these development efforts of land in the lower Tana River is the way in which the land is held and used by the traditional communities inhabiting the area, of which very little is known, in official records. Small sedentary communities live by growing rice and maize on basin lands and levees, mainly relying on flood water which comes once or twice a year. Practices related to agriculture include cutting down and burning of forest, digging of channels from the river to the shainbas, pumping of water and excavation of canals for irrigation. In the midst of the agricultural communities and around them land is occupied by groups of pastoralists, keeping cattle in combination with various other animals such as sheep, goats, donkeys and camels. The main pastoral groups are nomadic, migrating between different parts of the floodplain or between the riverine and outlying lands in different seasons of the year. 1.3 Objectives of the described study The land use in the study area is of a very complex nature given the relationship between this land use and a highly dynamic river and riverine environment. The consequences of changes in land use, due to the implementation of irrigation schemes or changes in the hydraulic regime due to the construction of the hydro-electric power dams are not all that easy to analyse given the nature of the environment. It is therefore important to carry out an inventory of land utilization types (land utilization types), with emphasis on the relation between the land utili zation types and the hydraulic regime. The TRMS study yields results on expected changes in the morphology of the river. These results can be combined with the results of the inventory and des cription of the "hydro-environmental land utilization types". The objective of the study component on which this article reports can be summarized as the testing of low-cost remote sensing techniques in the inventory of land utilization types in the remote and inacces sible floodplains of the Tana River. The use of low-cost remote sensing techniques was required given the limited budget of the study. The budget also did not allow a quantitative analysis (with a satisfacory amount of data and field sam ples), but this was not felt as a serious constraint given the objective and the much more information yielding inventory than imagined possible during the start of the TRMS. This article reports on the methodology using micro light aircraft as a platform for vertical and oblique aerial photography which was of great use in the inventory, together with Landsat-imagery and existing small-scale aerial photography. It also presents some results of the inventory of land utilization types in relation to the hydraulic regime of the river and of course the physiography and climate of the riverine lands. 2. Methodology 2.1 Land utilization types It is assumed that traditional land use patterns bind together the information concerning the climate, the soil, the river and the history and the capacity of the people to develop or improve their situation. From this assumption and the high spatial variability within the floodplains it follows that land utiliza tion types can be described for many different cases. However the limited study budget and the demonstra tion character of the project did not allow a tho rough inventory of all these land utilization types, therefore a generalization was performed after the collection of all study data. This generalisation resulted in four broad land utilization types, with a however consistent relation between land use and hydraulics. The description of these land utilization types is based on data collected during different fieldwork periods and the study of existing literature, Landsat-imagery and existing aerial photographs. The fieldwork consisted of three periods in which obser vations were made during the different seasons, du ring floods and during periods of drought. The tec hniques for data collection in the project were the use of interviews, descriptions of vegetation and soils, and the use of a microlight aircraft as a platform for vertical and oblique aerial photography as well as visual reconnaissance. 2.2 Use of existing information, aerial photography and satellite imagery Literature of the study area exists albeit in scattered and separate hoards. This information has been reviewed prior to the collection of additional data. The literature covers topics such as policy and planning, physiography, human population and settlements, climate, wildlife and ecology, soils, land use , water utilization and productivity. Howe ver, the data in the literature do not always provide a consistent starting data base. For instance do the population data of the national census of 1979 not contain a breakdown for riverine and nonriverine areas in the Tana River District, neither do they contain the geographical distribution l J< 1963 Tana 1972 •• 1975 ,« 1979 - Figure imagery of set ethnic Pokomo, census. Existir sets < seasons the st (scale enable nal 1; betweei cultur; No spai been part i cover. insigh the st tiie b be obs the (h rent z In gei inform, of th The e enough of tiie avail a irriga scale smalle t ions

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