Application of remote sensing and GIS for sustainable development

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856472832

Title:: Application of remote sensing and GIS for sustainable development

Sub title:: [Workshop on "Environmental Modelling Using RS & GIS for Sustainable Development" ... on 11th March 1999]

Scope:: 82 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1999

Place of publication:: Coventry

Publisher of the original:: RICS Books

Identifier (digital):: 856472832

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR MODELLING LAND DEGRADATION DUE TO MINING - A CONCEPT AND CASE STUDIES. A. Bhattacharya

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

53 5. REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR MODELLING LAND DEGRADATION DUE TO MINING - A CONCEPT AND CASE STUDIES and el of s. I mary A. Bhattacharya National Remote Sensing Agency, Hyderabad tion: the lger- ABSTRACT Though mining activity related land degradation forms one of the several components of the processes affecting the land in a negative way. it assumes its own importance because mining activity many a times, apart from the soil loss, changes the entire local topography. This does not mean that one has to stop the developmental activity which gives good economic return. Thus, the strategy for mining development should be based on the concept that environmental conservation and mining development must proceed parallel)' hand in hand. Development of a conceptual model for land degradation due to mining, considering various factors, is very important which gives clue for how to start the mining process to maintain the balance for the land preservation. The use of Remote Sensing and GIS is indispensable for monitoring the mining activity which affects agricultural land, forest cover, ground water reserve and quality, surface water and atmosphere. Time series analysis of remote sensing data in several mining districts like coal, bauxite and base metal helped to know the status of the land degradation and conservation, giving thereby clue for modelling. Depending on the importance given to the various parameters, weightages can be assigned to various land types and accordingly, a working model can be developed as a resultant like 'LD’ is the net "land degradation" which is the weighted factor of all the related land type loss. INTRODUCTION Land degradation is a common natural pheno menon, caused by several physical, chemical and biological processes. Accelerated erosion by wind and water often degrades the lands and further reduces their potential capability to provide returns through agricultural, engineering, sanitary and recreational practices. However, land degradation is largely human induced and thus includes a strong socio-cultural component. Though mining operation forms one of the several human-induced activities, it assumes its own importance as it often changes the entire local topography, bringing an irreparable loss to the land. Mining is considered as one of the prominent factors responsible for disturbing the environment. But at the same, it is also an acknowledged fact that the exploitation of minerals largely contributes towards building of national economy. Hence, we have to strike a balance between the developmental activities and environmental conservation. The strategy for mining operation should be based on the concept that environmental conservation and mining development must proceed parallely hand to hand. Impact of open cast mining is more severe than the underground mining if land degradation is considered. Hence, considering various factors, a conceptual model for land degradation due to mining should be developed before the mining operation starts in order to prepare better environmental management plans for the land preservation. Without such prior plans also, land conservation and rehabilitation are technically feasible even at the mid operation of mining activity, but often at high costs. To study land degradation, conservation and rehabilitation due to mining activity, many different types of data need to be collected and combined in order to make a sound environmental assessment. The use of remote sensing and GIS is indispensable in this process. In the following sections, this is discussed with few case studies. OBJECTIVES The main objectives of the present study are: 1. To study the impact of mining on land degradation and surrounding environment using time series remote sensing data. 2. To develop a conceptual model for land degra dation due to mining through GIS inputting infor mation collected from remote sensing and ground. CASE STUDIES Few mining districts of different kinds spread over the country are considered, such as 1. Bauxite open cast mining in Lohardaga district of Bihar. 2. Open cast and underground coal mining in Jharia and Karanpura in Bihar state and Raniganj in West Bengal. 3. Lead-Zinc underground mining in Rajpura-Dariba area, Chittaurgarh district of Rajasthan.

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