Sharing and cooperation in geo-information technology

Aziz, T. Lukman

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856479470

Author:: Aziz, T. Lukman

Title:: Sharing and cooperation in geo-information technology

Sub title:: ISPRS Commission VI Symposium, April 15 - 17, 1999, Bandung, Indonesia

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (130 Seiten)

Year of publication:: 1999

Place of publication:: London

Publisher of the original:: RICS Books

Identifier (digital):: 856479470

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: WG VI/1: EDUCATION

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: EDUCATION IN REMOTE SENSING APPLICATION. Prof. Dr. Jan J. Nossin

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

in the future at specific term. Along with that, he should be aware of the kind and quantity of information to be acquired from that data, and how that will be applicable to his own present and future questions. In other words: they must acquire a capability of specifying their own information requirements in view of a technological capability that grows at a tremendous rate. Often, the users have no idea what they may ask for, and then, by consequence, under-utilize the available potential. Needless to say, that an awareness of the investments required for this objective should also be created. Apart from investment in hard-and software, maintainance and follow-up, the real investment lies in human resources. The creation of a reservoir of qualified manpower for the extraction and proper application of information from remote sensing data will be the ultimate aim of education for remote sensing users. 6. GIS, REMOTE SENSING AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. The remotely sensed data comes in a digital raster format. Recent developments in Geo-information Systems include the easy conversion from vector to raster format and vice-versa. In this context it may be noted that the possibility of digital overlaying of scanned air photos, georeferenced to, e.g. SPOT panchromatic imagery, or a topographic map, now exists and opens a further horizon of monitoring changes at the earth's surface. This spectre is further widened by the increasing availability of satellite radar data. We are at this time entering the phase where air photos are easily scanned and handled by computer, while stereo-viewed on screen. The aerial camera may now be fitted with a CCD array in the focal plane in the back, instead of film, thus producing digital data directly. This enables now the combination and simultaneous treatment of remotely sensed data and information, with information from other sources: digitized map data, digitized air photos and/or their interpretations, and radar. In a GIS, also non-spatial data can be attributed to mapping units and combined in the information management. This includes the treatment of three-dimensional models, digital terrain and elevation models, and also the combination of geophysical data with remotely sensed data. Technology rapidly progresses and, both in R.S and in GIS, tends to drive the system. The status at present may be assessed as follows: the technique is operational, but operational users in most developing countries still have no clear idea what to do with it. In the context of data and information magagement, we propose to distinguish: DATA: raw facts and figures. INFORMATION: ordered, analyzed and interpreted data with values added, based in "knowledge". KNOWLEDGE: the reservoir of intellectual capability accumulated over time, in individuals, groups, regions. WISDOM: evaluating knowledge. INTELLIGENCE: the capacity of getting required information advantageously and on time. Essentially, in the extraction of information from earth observation data, the step from one phase to the next is one of ADDING VALUES. KNOWLEDGE is accumulated over generations. KNOWLEDGE IS TRANSFERABLE, a o. through education: knowledge is for sale. INTELLIGENCE is not transferable; it is guarded, kept as a treasured possession, is at times spied upon. If presentation is a way of visualizing and making the information available for (other) users, the management of such information has to do with the question *whether the information shall be made available and accessible, to whom, and when. * In the general development context, it seems logical that all required information is made available to the planner, if and when he wants it. But even here, political motivation and decisionmaking may influence the questions of information management. It may be noted here, that there is also information that is not as a matter of course made available to whoever wants it. That information, which may acquire high commercial value (e.g. in the context of mineral prospection, crop forecast, or real estate values) then comes to be well guarded, is not communicated, is even spied upon. That may be considered intelligence. Intelligence thus is not transferable through education If the extraction of information from raw data is based in a reference level of knowledge, the process also contributes to the growth of knowledge This knowledge is in general transferable through education. That need not mean that it is free of charge. Education also may have its price: knowledge may be for sale. 7. TRANSFER OF KNOWLEDGE ON REMOTE SENSING APPLICATION 7.1 Facilities of knowledge transfer A listing of available education in earth observation will not be attempted here. Universities may have remote sensing education offered in curricula of geography, geology or physics, or any other science with a geo-component. GIS education may be offered in combination or separate. There are also specialized education institutes (like GDTA and ITC) for earth observation application. The application fields stand central in most course programmes. In most cases, a professional capability in the scientific domain of application is essential, before any aerospace data can be interpreted.

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