Sharing and cooperation in geo-information technology

Aziz, T. Lukman

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856479470

Author:: Aziz, T. Lukman

Title:: Sharing and cooperation in geo-information technology

Sub title:: ISPRS Commission VI Symposium, April 15 - 17, 1999, Bandung, Indonesia

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (130 Seiten)

Year of publication:: 1999

Place of publication:: London

Publisher of the original:: RICS Books

Identifier (digital):: 856479470

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: WG VI/3: INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

Write comment:: Der Aufsatz "Promotion Of The General Understanding And Improvement Of Public Relations, [...] ist im Original nicht enthalten.

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DATA HANDLING FOR REMOTE SENSING DATA. R. Venantius Hari Ginardi

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

72 file the location has additional advantages since we can manage image data through internet. 4.1 Using 2D-PIR for Content based metadata 2D-PIR that proposed by M Nabil (1997) has an architecture of Image Retrieval System. The real image is considered as a big raster image file. Metadata of the image file is replaced by two type of file iconic image and a symbolic 2D-PIR transformation of the image. The iconic image is a small bitmap file that is stored in local storage as a preview of the original image data. A symbolic image is a spatial / topological information of the image file. This symbolic image is used as a representation of image content for image query. Using these two type of 'metadata', the user can query image data using two alternatives : selecting image based on image preview, or selecting image based on symbolic content. 4.2 Storing spatial and temporal information The next step is building a database that contains image information, constructed for spatial and temporal information. There are many types of data that should be stored for every image to make a single record. An Object Oriented Database is recommended for this purpose. Some important objects that related to image information and should be stored in the database are : a. Topology A topology object is a directed graph that represents a 2D- PIR of image content. This spatial information is made by manual sketch using vector editor, or semi-automatic creation using Artificial Intelligence or edge detection. All topology files are stored in local storage for faster access. Topology file will be used to query image file based on image content. b. Image Preview An image preview is a small raster image in JPEG or GIF format, created from original image. An image preview file will be used as a sample file for image query using similarity of spectral information. This preview is also used as a preview output of image query. c. File Name A filename is a standard O/S file name. d. URL / Search path The URL / Search path is a pointer to file location. In local storage or LAN, a search path is a volume name, followed by a full-path directory name where the original image file stored, for example : G:\IMAGEVAVHRR\JAVA. If data is available through internet or intranet, a search path can be replaced by a URL, using an IP number or Internet Address, for example : http://leviathan.tamu.edu:70/1 s/slides/Corel e. Image Title An image title is a string, for example 'NDVI for West Java' f. Time Stamp A time stamp is a valid time of data acquisition. The user can refer to text-based metadata or header file to find this information. g. Image format Image format information is a string that describe what application should be used (or launched) to open this image, for example ER-Mapper, PCI or ERDAS. If image file format can be used for more than 1 application, this object notes the image file type, e.g : BIL , LAC. h. Coordinate Coordinate system includes all projection information if any. i. Sensor Sensor information contain sensor type and number of bands. 4.3 Query Possibility From database structure proposed above, we can make image queries based on historical information, Image definition (title), spectral similarity or image feature that is stored on spatial information. Some example of query that is possible to be developed : Find image of East Java before 01 Jan 1988 Find NDVI of Indonesia between 01 Jun 1995 and 31 Dec 1995 Find image that similar to image "BALI" Find image after 31 Dec 1997 that match this topology. 5. Future Work Based on this conceptual design, development of this temporal data handling requires a computer language that supports Object Oriented programming and the ability to develop Object Oriented Database. Java and C++ Language would be the best language for this purpose. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) should be considered as an interface. For internet / intranet access, Java is easier implemented than C++. Some future applications related to this topic are : 5.1 Image Query based on feature Data Query is widely used in relational database, known as Structured Query Language (SQL). In temporal database, data query is currently under development. There are many prototypes of a Temporal SQL. Similarly, Image Query Based on Content or Feature is a new issue for multimedia objects. 5.2 Dynamic modelling and prediction using satellite imagery Considering the occurrence of time type information, we can perform dynamic modelling and prediction using satellite imagery. In current remote sensing and GIS application, It is only possible to perform spatial non-temporal modelling. For Satellite imagery that alfeady contains spatial and temporal information, dynamic modelling and prediction can be implemented using mathematical models. Some remote sensing satellites can capture one specific area everyday. We can develop much more dynamic models incorporating temporal data using daily information from satellite imagery.

Access restriction

Copyright

fullscreen: Sharing and cooperation in geo-information technology

Monograph

Chapter

Chapter

Table of contents

Cite and reuse

Monograph

Chapter

Image

Image fragment

Citation links

Citation recommendation