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New perspectives to save cultural heritage

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fullscreen: New perspectives to save cultural heritage

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856489115

Author:: Altan, M. Orhan

Title:: New perspectives to save cultural heritage

Sub title:: proceedings of the XIXth International Symposium CIPA 2003 ; Antalya (Turkey), 30 September - 04 October, 2003

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (784 Seiten)

Year of publication:: 2003

Place of publication:: Istanbul

Publisher of the original:: CIPA - The ICOMOS/ISPRS Committee for Documentation of Cultural Heritage

Identifier (digital):: 856489115

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: RESEARCHING THE ORIENTATION OF MONUMENTS THE CHURCH OF THE GREAT METEORO MONASTERY. G. Pantazis, R. Korakitis, E. Lambrou, D. Sinachopoulos

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

New perspectives to save cultural heritage
Cover
ColorChart
Title page
Title page
FOREWORD
FOREWORD
CIPA 2003 Symposium Committees
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE FOR HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION. K. Kraus
Requirements in an Inventory on Cultural Heritage in Morocco and Reflections on the Presentation of the Information. O. Kölbl, M. Boussahl, H. Hostettler
ICOMOSDIGITAL DATABASE OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF TRABZON. A. Sürül, H. Özen, M. Tutkun
THE "CAPPADOCIA ACADEMY" A PROJECT ON DOCUMENTATION, PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL ANATOLIA. Andus M. Emge, Ph. D., Project Director
TEMPORAL GIS FOR ANALYSIS AND VISUALISATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE. K. Hosse, M. Schilcher
INTEGRATION OF CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEYS IN THE DESIGN PROCESS OF ARCHITECTURAL PROJECTS. E. Alby, P. Grussenmeyer, J.-P. Perrin
OPTICAL CARRIER FOR LONG-TERM DIGITAL INFORMATION STORAGE. V. V. Petrov, A. A.Kryuchyn, S. M.Shanoylo
RE-SEQUENCING A HISTORICAL PALM LEAF MANUSCRIPT WITH BOUNDARY-BASED SHAPE DESCRIPTORS. D. Akca , A. Gruen
DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE BY USING DIGITAL CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMETRY. N. Yastiklt, Z. Alkis
PROBLEMS IN MANAGEMENT OF URBAN SITE CONSERVATION IN TURKEY : A CASE STUDY IN ANTAKYA. Ö. Basagac, E. Kösgeroglu, N. S. Güchan
THE FUTURE OF THE PAST THE EUROPEAN HiSTORIC INNER CITY, FADED GLORY OR CORE BUSINESS? W. van der Toorn Vrijthoff
RECORDING THE CULTURAL HERITAGES OF SAMOA AND FIJI ISLANDS. U. Herbig, G. Zöhrer, F. Zainolyi
E-HERITAGZì:_THE FUTURE FOR INTEGRATED APPLICATIONS IN CULTURAL HERITAGE. J. A. Cannataci, R. Rivenc, N. P. Zammit, C. Borg, G. Guidi, G. A. Beraldin,
AUTOMATED EXTRACTION OF PROFILES FROM 3D-MODELS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS. H. Mara and M. Kampel
VOLUMETRIC RECONSTRUCTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE ARTIFACTS. Y. Kuzu, O. Sinram
SCANNING OPTIONS AND CHOICES IN DIGITIZING HISTORIC MAPS. M. Daniil, V. Tsioukas, K. Papadopoulos, E. Livieratos
COMPARISON OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND COMPUTER VISION TECHNIQUES - 3D RECONSTRUCTION AND VISUALIZATION OF WARTBURG CASTLE. Helmut Mayer, Matthias Mosch, Juergen Peipe
THE RESTORATION OF SUFFOLK HOUSE, PENANG, MALAYSIA Siti Norlizaiha H.3, & A.Ghafar A. b,
A NEW INTERNET BASED COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK FOR THE CIPA COMMUNITY. C. Lichtenberg, Prof.-Dr. G. Pomaska
LARGE SCALE MONUMENT DATABASE DESIGN. Georgopoulos A., Ioannidis Ch., Makris G.N., Karkanis M., Iliopoulou Ch.
LASER SCANNING AS A TOOL FOR ARCHEOLOGICAL RECONSTITUTION: A GALLO-ROMAN TEMPLE IN NAIX-AUX-FORGES, FRANCE. D. Bur, J-P. Perrin, A. Fuchs, V. Germonprez
CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION USING INTERNET-ENABLED GIS. Z. Duran, A. Garagon Dogru, G. Toz
PHOTOPA - DATABASE OF SMALL CZECH HISTORICAL MONUMENTS. Karel Pavelka, Radek Chromy, Petr Soucek
ADVANCED GIS TECHNOLOGIES TO SUPPORT GEREFERENCING OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE. R. Brumana, C. Achille
BUILDING 3D PHOTO-TEXTURE MODEL INTEGRATED WITH GIS FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION. F. Karsli, E. Ayhan, E. Tunc
MULTIMEDIA SUPPORTED GIS ON THE INTERNET CASE STUDY: TWO OTTOMAN FORTRESSES AND A CEMETERY ON THE DARDANELLES. C. Guney, M. Duman, K. Uylu, O. Avci, R. N. Celik
AN IMMOVABLE HISTORICAL ASSET INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN AND APPLICATION: A CASE STUDY OF TRABZON. S. Reis, R. Nisanci, V. Yildirim, H. I. Inan, T. Yomralioglu
DESIGN OF TOURIST INFORMATION SYSTEM (TIS) AND INTEGRATION WITH PANORAMIC IMAGING. O. Akcay, M. O. Altan
CULTURAL HERITAGE NETWORK OF WESTERN ANATOLIA BY USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM. M. Altan, T. Sivas, F. Alanyah, F. Gökce, C. Ayday
GEOINFORMATION SYSTEM "THE PROTECTION OF RUSSIAN HISTORICALCULTURAL HERITAGE ON THE EXAMPLE OF SVERDLOVKS OBLAST". Z. V. Pushchina, U. P. Litvinenko
A NEW CONCEPT: THE SOLID IMAGE. Leandro Bornaz, Sergio Dequal
3D MODELLING OF HERITAGE SITES IN AFRICA. A CASE STUDY IN THE WORLD HERITAGE SITE OF KILWA KISIWANI, TANZANIA. Heinz Rüther, Gerard Mtalo, Eric Mngumi
THE "MARCHESATO DI SALUZZO" PROJECT: AN OPENSOURCE BASED WEB/GIS FOR HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL RESEARCH, CONSERVATION AND VALORIZATION. E. Agosto, A. Cosenza, F. Rinaudo
BETWEEN A ROCK AND A DATA BASE: A CULTURAL SITE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE ROCK PAINTINGS OF ULURU, CENTRAL AUSTRALIA. C. L. Ogleby, G. MacLaren, M. Starkey
DOCUMENTING THE PANAMA CANAL an International Achievement. M. Patino, B. Cliver
IRST EXPERIMENTS WITH CONVERGENT MULTI-IMAGES PHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH AUTOMATIC CORRELATION APPLIED TO DIFFERENTIAL RECTIFICATION OF ARCHITECTURAL FACADES. J. García-León, A. M. Felicísimo, J. J. Martínez
DIGITAL IMAGES PROCESSING OF HYPERSPECTRAL AIRBORNE DATA: A CULTURAL HERITAGE EXAMPLE. P. Ardissone, P. Boccardo, E. Borgogno Mondino
MIDDLE SCALE MAPPING OF CULTURAL SITES BASED ON HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGES. P. Boccardo, E. Borgogno Mondino, F. Giulio Tonolo
NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR SINGLE IMAGES IN CONSERVATION. by Walter Schuhr and Erich Kanngieser
ON MULTI-IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION FROM HISTORIC PHOTOGRAPHS. I. Kalisperakis, M. Rova, E. Petsa, G. E. Karras
A RESEARCH PROJECT IN THE INTERSECTION OF ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION AND VIRTUAL REALITY: CAHRISMA. Z. Karabiber Yüksel, C.Binan, R. Unver
COMPARING THE ACOUSTICS OF MOSQUES AND BYZANTINE CHURCHES. P. Fausti, R. Pompoli, N. Prodi
ACOUSTICAL IMPROVEMENT OF A HISTORICAL OPERA HOUSE USING ROOM SIMULATIONS. L. Parati, A. C. Gade, R. Pompoli, J. H. Rindel
REAL-TIME RECREATED CEREMONIES IN VR RESTITUTED CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES. G. Papagiannakis, A. Foni, N. Magnenat-Thalmann
PHOTOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF MOSAIC AND TILED FLOORS - A METHODOLOGY. D. P. Andrews, N. J. Beckett, M. Clowes, S. M. Tovey
RESEARCH FOR THE POSSIBILITIES OF DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS FOR CLOSE RANGE STEREOSCOPIC PHOTOGRAPHS, APPLIED ON THE RUINS OF TRANSEPT AND CHANCELOF THE CHURCH OF AULNE ABBEY (THUIN, BELGIUM). F. Benoit, D. Devriendt,J. Debie, R. Goossens
COMPARISON OF SURVEYS OF ST. MARK'S SQUARE, IN VENICE. Andrea Lingua, Fulvio Rinaudo, Giovanni Auditore, Caterina Balletti, Francesco Guerra, Luca Pilot
3D RECONSTRUCTION AND VISUALIZATION IN CULTURAL HERITAGE. M. Ioannides, E. Stylianidis, S. Stylianou
TRUE ORTHOPHOTO OF THE WHOLE TOWN OF TURIN. Sergio DEQUAL, Andrea LINGUA
VALUATION OF ORTHORECTIFICATION BY USE OF PHOTOMODELER SOFTWARE. Herbert J. B. Erwes, Walter da Silva Prado, Arly Gáutama Rodrigues e Silva, Daniel Wander Ferreira de Melo,
USABILITY AND POTENTIAL USE OF THE HIGH RESOLUTION DIGITAL CAMERA IN THE DETERMINATION OF 3D DIGITAL MODEL. L. Fregonese
3D MODEL GENERATION AND VISUALIZATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE. N. Yastikh, O. Emem, Z. Alkis
INTEGRATION OF CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND TOPOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS TO GET THE TRIDIMENSIONAL MODEL OF COMPLEX SCULPTURE. M. Martín, F. J. Iglesias, H. Rodrigo, S. Hernández
NEXPENSIVE AND ROBUST 3D MODEL ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING OF SMALL ARTIFACTS. Ulay Yilmaz, Oguz Özün, Burçak Otlu, Adem Mulayim, Volkan Atalay
A NEW APPROACH FOR 3D MODELS TRANSMISSION. A. Guamieri, F. Pirotti, M. Pontin, A. Vettore
REMOTE SENSING OBJECT-ORIENTED IMAGE ANALYSIS APPLIED TO HALF-TIMBERED HOUSES. Tania Neusch & Pierre Grussenmeyer
PROTECTING CULTURAL IMPORTANT WRITINGS WITH NEW METHODS IN REPRODUCTION AND ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING. M. Jobst
Introduction of SVG as a Data Interchange Format for Architectural Documentations. Günter Pomaska
DISCUSSION OF TWO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNIQUES COMBINED FOR DOCUMENTATION OF DEFENSIONSKASERNE IN MINDEN WITH REFERENCE TO ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION. Mine Hamamcioglu Turan
CLOSE RANGE ORTHOIMAGE USING A LOW COST DIGITAL CAMCORDER. E. Tsiligiris, M. Papakosta, C. Ioannidis, A. Georgopoulos
THE RESTORATION OF BEAUFORT CASTLE (SOUTH-LEBANON) A 3D RESTITUTION ACCORDING TO HISTORICAL DOCUMENTATION. Pierre Grussenmeyer, Jean Yasmine
CAMERA CALIBRATION APPROACHES USING SINGLE IMAGES OF MAN-MADE OBJECTS. L. Grammatikopoulos, G. E. Karras, E. Petsa
LENS DISTORTION SIMULATION. AN APPLICATION FOR UNDERSTANDING GEOMETRIC DISTORTION. Gómez Lahoz J. Cuadrado Méndez 0. Martinez Rubio J.
MEASURING ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES USING EAGLE'S EYE. D. Skarlatos, S. Theodoridou, E. Karalis, K. Tokmakidis
The survey of the Temple of Augustus and Goddess Roma in Ankara. Paula BOTTERI, Gabriele FANGI, Eva Savina MALINVERNI, Beatrice PINNA CABONI
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECORDING AND EVALUATION OF THE MARKET GATE OF MILETUS FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION. T. Vögtle, K. Ringle, M. Nutto, H.-P. Bähr, M. Pfanner, F. Zens, M. Maischberger
REHABILITATION OF THE TUNKU CANSELOR HALL, UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA. Zuraini M. A.
ORTHOIMAGE PROCESSING IN ARCHEOLOGY. THE SITE OF COLONIA CLUNIA SULPICIA (PENALBA DE CASTRO, BURGOS - SPAIN). G. Gillani, M, Roggero
OUR NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE - TRANSFORMATIONS, COLLECTIONS, CREATIVE PROCESSES. Elmar Csaplovics, Ashis K. Saha, Ulrike Herbig, Bülend Atalar, Frank Duke Biney, Leoward Cabangbang, Christiane Diekmann, Gustavo Adolfo Esquivel, Karolina Kosc, Juan Carlos Montoya, Maja Oven, Miki Shimizu, Michal Vanek, Andrea Seppi, Axel Guhlmann
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC STUDIES ON STOA IN ANCIENT CITY OF KNIDOS (DATCA-MUGLA). Ferruh YILDIZ, Hakan KARABÖRK, Murat YAKAR, Lütfiye ALP, H. Murat YILMAZ
EVALUATION OF A THEATRE BY USING LOW-ALTITUDE AERIAL AND TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY. T. M. Celikoyan, M. O. Altan, G. Kemper, G. Toz
CALIBRATING AND USING AN OLYMPUS CAMERA FOR BALLOON PHOTOGRAMMETRY. T. M. Celikoyan, M. O. Altan, G. Kemper, G. Toz
ARCHEOLOGICAL PARK DESIGN IN THE VICINITY OF ZEUGMA AND APPLICABLE REMOTE SENSING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY METHODS. Ü. Basaran, A. Yildirim, D. Z. Seker
CONTRIBUTION OF GEOPHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS FOR SURVEY AND PROTECTION OF HILLFORTS. R. Krivánek
GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTION IN SOUTH ABUSIR, EGYPT, 2002. R. Krivánek, M. Bárta
GEOPHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE CHRISTIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE EMMAUS-NICOPOLIS (CENTRAL ISRAEL). L. V. Eppelbaum, S. E. Itkis
THE GEOPHYSICAL STUDY OF BURIED ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS AND THE PRESERVATION OF THE ARCHITECTURAL PATRIMONY OF MEXICO CITY. L. Barba
SEMI-AUTOMATIC CAMERA CALIBRATION AND IMAGE ORIENTATION USING THE CIPA REFERENCE DATA SET. Frank A. van den Heuvel
THE AGORA OF ÍZMÍR AND CULTURAL TOURISM. Eti AKYÜZ LEVI
THE CONTRIBUTION OF MODERN GEOMETRIC RECORDING AND VISUALIZATION METHODS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A NEW MUSEUM CONCEPT. Ch. Ioannidis, M. Xipnitou, C. Potsiou, S. Soile
AN EXPERIMENT ON A SYSTEM FOR SELECTING THE METHOD OF ARCHITECTURAL RECORDING. Can S. BINAN
AN APPRAISAL OF THE UTILIZATION OF GIS IN AN URBAN CONSERVATION PROJECT IN ANTAKYA. N. Nayci, A. G. Bilgin Altinöz, N. Sahin Güchan
FREAK - CONSISTENT SURVEYING AND DOCUMENTATION SYSTEMS AS A PLANNING BASIS FOR LARGE-SCALE HISTORIC BUILDINGS. D. Donath, F. Petzold, T. Thurow, U. Weferling
COMPUTER RECONSTRUCTION AND MODELING OF THE GREAT BUDDHA STATUE IN B AMI Y AN, AFGHANISTAN. A.Gruen, F.Remondino, L.Zhang
GEOMATIC APPLICATIONS IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH: THE MIDDLE AGES IN THE PO VALLEY LANDSCAPE. Paolo Ardissone, Fulvio Rinaudo
DIGITAL RECORDING OF STRATIGRAPHIC EXCAVATIONS. Michael Doneus, Wolfgang Neubauer, Nikolaus Studnicka
REPLICATION OF MARBLE EXHIBITS USING PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND LASER SCANNING (OR HOW TO FORGE EXHIBITS). D. Skarlatos, S. Theodoridou. D. Hennings, S. Ville
FAST ON-SITE RECONSTRUCTION AND VISUALIZATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS. Konrad Schindler, Markus Grabner, Franz Leberl
DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE ANALYSIS. THE SURVEY OF THE AQUEDUCT OF "LOS MILAGROS" IN MÉRIDA, SPAIN. Fernández Martín JJ.; Martínez Rubio J; San José Alonso J
DOCUMENTATION OF GERMAN EMPEROR MAXIMILIAN I'S TOMB. W. Boehler, M. Bordas Vicent, K. Hanke, A. Marbs
TACHEOMETRY IN COMBINATION WITH BUILDING-ELEMENT ORIENTED CAAD-SYSTEMS THE INTEGRATION OF HIGH-PRECISION PLAN, SIMPLE 3D-MODEL AND SUPPLEMENTARY BUILDING INFORMATION IN A SINGLE SYSTEM. D. Donath, U. Weferling
3D Laserscanning for Engineering and Architectural Heritage Conservation. Mettenleiter, M.; Härtl, F.; Heinz, I; Neumann, B.; Hildebrand, A.; Abmayr, T.; Fröhlich, C.
Object segmentation in cultural heritage. Leandro Bomaz, Fulvio Rinaudo, Marco Roggero
DETERMINATION OF OLD AND NEW DEFORMATIONS AT KUCUK AYA SOFYA (LITTLE HAGIA SOPHIA) MOSQUE IN ISTANBUL BY PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS AND AN ATTEMPT OF THEIR INTERPRETATION. A. Alkis, E. G. Arun, H. Demirel, R. D. Düppe, C .Gerstenecker, M. Hovenbitzer
WHOLLY DOCUMENTING HOLY MONUMENTS. Balodimos D., Lavvas, G., Georgopoulos A.
DOCUMENTATION OF STONE AGE ARTIFACTS. W. Boehler, K. Boehm, G. Heinz, A. Justus, Ch. Schwarz, M. Siebold
Merging and processing of laser scan data and high-resolution digital images acquired with a hybrid 3D laser sensor. Johannes RIEGL, Nikolaus STUDNICKA, Andreas ULLRICH
LASER SCANNING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE DOCUMENTATION OF A LARGE STATUE - EXPERIENCES IN THE COMBINED USE. Ch. Ioannidis, Maria Tsakiri
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECONSTRUCTION AND VIRTUAL PRESENTATION OF MONASTERY OF CHRIST PANTEPOPTES. Z. Duran, G. Toz
LASERSCANNING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE MODELLING OF THE STATUE MARC ANTON. Ch. Briese, N. Pfeifer, A. Haring
USING OF NON-EXPENSIVE 3D SCANNING INSTRUMENTS FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION. Karel Pavelka, Tomas Dolansky
INTEGRATED SURVEY METHODS TO OBTAIN INTERPRETATIVE MODELS AIMED AT CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION. G. Tucci, V. Bonora, A. Spanò
3D MODELING AND RESTORATION: FROM METRIC TO THEMATIC SURVEY. THE CASE STUDY OF SAN FRANCESCO AL PRATO IN PERUGIA. G. Tucci, F. Algostino, V. Bonora, F. Chiabrando
3D MODELLING AND VISUALISATION OF AL BASTAKIA IN DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES. KARIM HADJRI
ARCHIMEDES3D - AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR THE GENERATION OF ARCHITECTURAL ORTHOIMAGES. Albert Wiedemann, John Moré and Rüdiger Tauch
THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY CAMPAIGN OF STRUCTURES OF THE IASOS'S BOUNDARY WALL IN CARIA. Stefano Bertocci
ANALYSES ON BUILDING MORTAR SAMPLES USED IN THE WORKS OF MASONRY OF THE JASOS ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE, TURKEY. P. Pierattini
THE EVALUATION OF LIME MORTARS AND PLASTERS WITH THE PURPOSE OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION. S. Acun, N. Arioglu
INTEGRATED METHODOLOGIES OF REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF A GREAT MONUMENTAL STRUCTURE: SAN LORENZO MAGGIORE IN MILAN. C. Achille, S. Bozic, R. Brumana, L. Fregonese, C. Monti, G. Monti, C. Savi, R. Virgilio
iZMiT SULTAN ABDÜLAZÎZ IMPERIAL LODGE: DOCUMENTATION AND ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES CAUSED BY THE EARTHQUAKE OF 1999. Yegan Kahya, Kani Kuzucular, Nilüfer B.Yöney, Aysegül Özer.
A BIRD'S EYE VIEW ON SWITZERLAND IN THE 18th CENTURY: 3D RECORDING AND ANALYSIS OF A HISTORICAL RELIEF MODEL. Jana Niederoest
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC WORKS ON TONYUKUK MONUMENTS IN MONGOLIA. Ferruh YILDIZ, Hakan KARABÖRK, Murat YAKAR, H. Murat YILMAZ, Lütfiye ALP
TRANSFORMING OF HISTORICAL REAL ESTATE ENTITIES’S PROPERTY TO PUBLIC PROPERTY. R. Nisanci, B. Uzun, M. Cete
DOCUMENTA TION OF THE SILHOUETTE CHANGES OF ISTANBUL USING DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS. S. Kulur, M. O. Altan, Z. Duran, Y. Kardas
SYGIS - THE FINNISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECT IN SYRIA. M. Lönnqvist, PhD M. Törmä, MSci
DIGITAL SURFACE MODELING OF JOINTED ROCK IN STONE MONUMENTS USING LASER SCANNER AND DIGITAL CAMERA. C. Y. Jeong, H. S. Lee, H. D. Park
TOWARDS A STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING OF CULTURAL HERITAGE. David Barber, Jon Mills and Paul Bryan
COMPLEX ENGINEERING TECHNICAL EXAMINATION OF THE ASCENT CHURCH AT THE STATE OUTDOOR MUSEUM KOLOMENSKOYE. N.M. Almazova
LASER SCANNING AND CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY: TOWARDS A SINGLE MEASURING TOOL DEDICATED TO ARCHITECTURE AND ARCHAEOLOGY. Pierre Drap, Matteo Sgrenzaroli, Marco Caneiani, Giacomo Cannata, Julien Seinturier
RESEARCHING THE ORIENTATION OF MONUMENTS THE CHURCH OF THE GREAT METEORO MONASTERY. G. Pantazis, R. Korakitis, E. Lambrou, D. Sinachopoulos
TACTILE SURVEYING METHODS OF SURVEYING BUILDING DETAIL - AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF COMPUTER-AIDED BUILDING SURVEYING. U. Weferling
A PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATING PERFORMANCE OF MEASURED SURVEY METHODS. Salim Elwazani
UTILIZING GIS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF HISTORICAL STRATIFICATION IN BERGAMA (PERGAMON) AS A SUPPORT FOR CONSERVATION DECISION-MAKING PROCESS. A. G. Bilgin Altinöz
PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN EPHESOS - RECORDING BASIC SPATIAL DATA. Stefan KLOTZ
DOCUMENTATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RUINS AND STANDING MONUMENTS USING PHOTO-RECTIFICATION AND 3D MODELLING. F. Summers, N. Atalan, N. Aydin, O. Basagac, G. Ugar
EXPERIENCES IN PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORDING. D. Mavromati, E. Petsa, G. E. Karras
THE MAGNETOMETER SURVEY AT THE EARLY ISLAMIC CITY OF KHARAB SAYYAR, NORTH-EAST SYRIA. M. Posselt
STANDARDIZATION: A NECESSITY FOR THE DOCUMENTATION & ARCHIVING IN CULTURAL HERITAGE. M. loannides, G. Hadzilacos
TAILORING THE HERITAGE RECORD. A PROACTIVE APPROACH TO USER NEEDS. J. Bell, C. Ouimet
CONTRIBUTION OF SIMPLE TEACHING TOOLS TO THE RecorDIM-INITIATIVE. Albert Wiedemann, Francois LeBlanc
A DISCUSSION ON THE ANALYSIS STAGE OF STRATEGIC CONSERVATION PLANNING. S. Onal Hoskara, N. Doratli
INVESTIGATING LASER SCANNER ACCURACY. W. Boehler, M. Bordas Vicent, A. Marbs
ARCHITECTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE : VIRTUAL REALITY WITH PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND LASER SCANNING. M. Caprioli, M. Minchilli, A. Scognamiglio, G. Strisciuglio
THE UTILITY OF GEODETIC SURVEY TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENTS IN ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION - AN ASSESSMENT OF RECENT APPROACHES IN TURKEY: THE DOCUMENTATION PROJECT OF THE OTTOMAN FORTRESSES OF SEDDULBAHIR AND KUMKALE. C. Guney, R. N. Celik, L. Thys-Senocak, A. Ozsavasci
A DATA MODEL FOR A GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE NASCA LINES AT PALPA (PERU). K. Lambers, M. Sauerbier
SPATIAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH AREA OF THE ANCIENT CITY TAVIUM, CENTRAL ANATOLIA. Hartmut Müller
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF GIS - AIDED CONSERVATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN; THE CASE OF SiLLE- KONYA. R. Erdem, S. Durduran, T. Cay, O. N. Dülgerler, H. H. Yildirim
TRADITIONAL ENVIRONMENT, CULTURE, and CONSERVATION: THE CASE OF KORUCAM VILLAGE- CYPRUS. F. Ilkin, O. Özderen, O. Sengezer
DOCUMENTING, MANIGING & VISUALIZING A HUGE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DATA SET. J. L. Lerma, C. Portalés, D. Germes
NON DESTRUCTIVE GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYES: ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEEDBACK. M. Ciminale and D. Gallo
ISTANBUL-BOSPHORUS AS OUR CULTURAL HERITAGE, THE PROCESS OF CHANGE OVER TIME. C. Baytin, C. Canbay Türkyilmaz, A.Kiran, M.Tunbis
CONSERVING CULTURAL HERITAGE IN AN URBAN SETTING AND THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY. Tingfun YEH
PRESERVING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL INFORMATION WITH THE HELP OF MULTIMEDIA CARTOGRAPHY. M. Jobst
CULTURAL AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF AN HISTORICAL NEIGHBORHOOD IN EDIRNE. Nevnihal Erdogan, Vedia Dökmeci, Damla Zeybekoglu
REVITALIZATION OF A STREET IN A HISTORIC URBAN QUARTER: CASE STUDY: GIRNE LiMAN ARKASI. B. Oktay, M. Fasli, N. Pasaogullari
KEYWORDS
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RESEARCHING THE ORIENTATION OF MONUMENTS
THE CHURCH OF THE GREAT METEORO MONASTERY
G. Pantazis a , R. Korakitis 3 , E. Lambrou 3 , D. Sinachopoulos b
a School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens,
9 Heroon Poly tec hniou, GR 15780 Zografos, Greece (gpanta@central.ntua.gr)
b Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, National Observatory of Athens
Commission VI, WG VI
KEY WORDS: Surveying monument, geodetic and astronomical measurements, orientation.
ABSTRACT:
This work presents a method for the thorough research of the orientation of monuments, based on state-of-the-art geodetic and
astronomical measurements. The proposed measurement and data reduction procedures are rigorous and lead to an accurate
determination of the orientation of a monument. The term “orientation” collectively refers to: the astronomically oriented plan of the
monument, the diagram of the perceptible horizon around the monument and the diagram of the apparent path of the Sun (or other
star) as it rises above the horizon at characteristic dates. Then, the orientation is interpreted in terms of other, mostly cultural,
information about the scope of the monument and in combination with its time of construction. In retrospect, therefore, the proposed
method provides a new, independent way for the confirmation or the determination of the time of construction of the monument
within a narrow chronological range.
An analysis of the method is given (including geodetic and astronomic observations and data reduction). The presentation of the
method is best illustrated by the parallel discussion of a particular application, at the church of the Great Meteoro Monastery (within
the “Meteora Monastic Community” in Central Greece). The performed measurements are described, accompanied by the
corresponding geometrical diagrams. The orientation of the church is discussed in connection with the celebration date at the time of
construction. Finally, useful conclusions are drawn about the geometrical characteristics of the monument and the meticulous
attention shown by its constructors.
Application of the proposed method to other monuments is of great significance, since it will provide the geometric framework for a
database of oriented monuments (in the form of a Geographical Information System), which will be very helpful for the study and
preservation of our cultural heritage.
1. INTRODUCTION
The term “orientation” refers to the position and the direction
(e.g. azimuth) of a monument at the site of its construction.
Social or religious rules and traditions explain the relation
between the orientation of the monument and the point of
sunrise or the point where a star rises on a specific date. The
solstices, the equinoxes or the date that the monuments
celebrate have great significance for the builders. With regard to
buildings, their placement, orientation, shape, material, the time
of decoration, all give us important information about the
cultural activities of a civilisation (Hoskin, 2001).
Archaeoastronomy has delivered insights about the orientation
of prehistoric and historical tombs, temples and other buildings
world wide. Several celestial bodies were used for the
orientation of buildings in many cultures, the one mostly
preferred among them being the Sun. This rule was already
followed on Neolithic (Hoskin, 2001), Egyptian (Spence, 2000),
Ancient Greek (Papathanasiou, 1994), Minoic and Mycenean
(Liritzis, 2000) and Byzantine monuments (Pantazis, 2002).
Sunlight has been very important for Byzantine architecture.
The natural light and the direction of illumination of the altar of
a temple influence the choice of its orientation. Specifically, the
orientation of Byzantine Orthodox Churches is determined by
the illumination of the holy altar (Potamianos, 2000). The altar
is of special importance in the Orthodox Church because the
priest stays mostly there and performs the Holy ceremony, so its
position is very well defined. All churches, as determined by
tradition, should fulfill the proper illumination of the altar
during the time of Eycharist. Generally speaking, according to
Patrologia Greaca (4 th century AD) the recommended
orientation for a church was set by the Holy Fathers to East -
West (Migne, 1863).
2. METHODOLOGY
The method described in this work is based on the combination
of the following procedures (Pantazis, 2002):
- The geometric determination of the main axis or of any other
special direction of the monument, which is achieved by
establishing an accurate geodetic network around the monument
and creating its digital plan produced by accurate geodetic
methods and instruments.
- The determination of the astronomical azimuth of a base of the
network using observations of Polaris and transferring it, by
geodetic methods, to the main axis or any other direction of the
monument.
- The geometric determination of the boundary line (silhouette)
of the perceptible horizon, as seen from a specific position of
the monument, through geodetic measurements.
- The reconstruction of the apparent diurnal path of the Sun, or
any other star, for characteristic dates (e.g. celebration day of
the divinity to whom the temple is dedicated, solstice, equinox
etc.) related to the time of construction.
Combination of the above data permits the determination and
the interpretation of the orientation of a monument with the
appropriate precision and reliability. There is also the possibility
to date a monument according to its orientation with a narrow

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Altan, M. .Orhan. New Perspectives to Save Cultural Heritage. CIPA - The ICOMOS/ISPRS Committee for Documentation of Cultural Heritage, 2003.

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