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New perspectives to save cultural heritage

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CC BY: Attribution 4.0 International. You can find more information here.

Bibliographic data

fullscreen: New perspectives to save cultural heritage

Monograph

Persistent identifier:
856489115
Author:
Altan, M. Orhan
Title:
New perspectives to save cultural heritage
Sub title:
proceedings of the XIXth International Symposium CIPA 2003 ; Antalya (Turkey), 30 September - 04 October, 2003
Scope:
1 Online-Ressource (784 Seiten)
Year of publication:
2003
Place of publication:
Istanbul
Publisher of the original:
CIPA - The ICOMOS/ISPRS Committee for Documentation of Cultural Heritage
Identifier (digital):
856489115
Illustration:
Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
Language:
English
Usage licence:
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Publisher of the digital copy:
Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover
Place of publication of the digital copy:
Hannover
Year of publication of the original:
2016
Document type:
Monograph
Collection:
Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:
INVESTIGATING LASER SCANNER ACCURACY. W. Boehler, M. Bordas Vicent, A. Marbs
Document type:
Monograph
Structure type:
Chapter

Contents

Table of contents

  • New perspectives to save cultural heritage
  • Cover
  • ColorChart
  • Title page
  • Title page
  • FOREWORD
  • FOREWORD
  • CIPA 2003 Symposium Committees
  • TABLE OF CONTENTS
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE FOR HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION. K. Kraus
  • Requirements in an Inventory on Cultural Heritage in Morocco and Reflections on the Presentation of the Information. O. Kölbl, M. Boussahl, H. Hostettler
  • ICOMOSDIGITAL DATABASE OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF TRABZON. A. Sürül, H. Özen, M. Tutkun
  • THE "CAPPADOCIA ACADEMY" A PROJECT ON DOCUMENTATION, PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL ANATOLIA. Andus M. Emge, Ph. D., Project Director
  • TEMPORAL GIS FOR ANALYSIS AND VISUALISATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE. K. Hosse, M. Schilcher
  • INTEGRATION OF CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEYS IN THE DESIGN PROCESS OF ARCHITECTURAL PROJECTS. E. Alby, P. Grussenmeyer, J.-P. Perrin
  • OPTICAL CARRIER FOR LONG-TERM DIGITAL INFORMATION STORAGE. V. V. Petrov, A. A.Kryuchyn, S. M.Shanoylo
  • RE-SEQUENCING A HISTORICAL PALM LEAF MANUSCRIPT WITH BOUNDARY-BASED SHAPE DESCRIPTORS. D. Akca , A. Gruen
  • DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE BY USING DIGITAL CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMETRY. N. Yastiklt, Z. Alkis
  • PROBLEMS IN MANAGEMENT OF URBAN SITE CONSERVATION IN TURKEY : A CASE STUDY IN ANTAKYA. Ö. Basagac, E. Kösgeroglu, N. S. Güchan
  • THE FUTURE OF THE PAST THE EUROPEAN HiSTORIC INNER CITY, FADED GLORY OR CORE BUSINESS? W. van der Toorn Vrijthoff
  • RECORDING THE CULTURAL HERITAGES OF SAMOA AND FIJI ISLANDS. U. Herbig, G. Zöhrer, F. Zainolyi
  • E-HERITAGZì:_THE FUTURE FOR INTEGRATED APPLICATIONS IN CULTURAL HERITAGE. J. A. Cannataci, R. Rivenc, N. P. Zammit, C. Borg, G. Guidi, G. A. Beraldin,
  • AUTOMATED EXTRACTION OF PROFILES FROM 3D-MODELS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FRAGMENTS. H. Mara and M. Kampel
  • VOLUMETRIC RECONSTRUCTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE ARTIFACTS. Y. Kuzu, O. Sinram
  • SCANNING OPTIONS AND CHOICES IN DIGITIZING HISTORIC MAPS. M. Daniil, V. Tsioukas, K. Papadopoulos, E. Livieratos
  • COMPARISON OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND COMPUTER VISION TECHNIQUES - 3D RECONSTRUCTION AND VISUALIZATION OF WARTBURG CASTLE. Helmut Mayer, Matthias Mosch, Juergen Peipe
  • THE RESTORATION OF SUFFOLK HOUSE, PENANG, MALAYSIA Siti Norlizaiha H.3, & A.Ghafar A. b,
  • A NEW INTERNET BASED COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK FOR THE CIPA COMMUNITY. C. Lichtenberg, Prof.-Dr. G. Pomaska
  • LARGE SCALE MONUMENT DATABASE DESIGN. Georgopoulos A., Ioannidis Ch., Makris G.N., Karkanis M., Iliopoulou Ch.
  • LASER SCANNING AS A TOOL FOR ARCHEOLOGICAL RECONSTITUTION: A GALLO-ROMAN TEMPLE IN NAIX-AUX-FORGES, FRANCE. D. Bur, J-P. Perrin, A. Fuchs, V. Germonprez
  • CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION USING INTERNET-ENABLED GIS. Z. Duran, A. Garagon Dogru, G. Toz
  • PHOTOPA - DATABASE OF SMALL CZECH HISTORICAL MONUMENTS. Karel Pavelka, Radek Chromy, Petr Soucek
  • ADVANCED GIS TECHNOLOGIES TO SUPPORT GEREFERENCING OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE. R. Brumana, C. Achille
  • BUILDING 3D PHOTO-TEXTURE MODEL INTEGRATED WITH GIS FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION. F. Karsli, E. Ayhan, E. Tunc
  • MULTIMEDIA SUPPORTED GIS ON THE INTERNET CASE STUDY: TWO OTTOMAN FORTRESSES AND A CEMETERY ON THE DARDANELLES. C. Guney, M. Duman, K. Uylu, O. Avci, R. N. Celik
  • AN IMMOVABLE HISTORICAL ASSET INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN AND APPLICATION: A CASE STUDY OF TRABZON. S. Reis, R. Nisanci, V. Yildirim, H. I. Inan, T. Yomralioglu
  • DESIGN OF TOURIST INFORMATION SYSTEM (TIS) AND INTEGRATION WITH PANORAMIC IMAGING. O. Akcay, M. O. Altan
  • CULTURAL HERITAGE NETWORK OF WESTERN ANATOLIA BY USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM. M. Altan, T. Sivas, F. Alanyah, F. Gökce, C. Ayday
  • GEOINFORMATION SYSTEM "THE PROTECTION OF RUSSIAN HISTORICALCULTURAL HERITAGE ON THE EXAMPLE OF SVERDLOVKS OBLAST". Z. V. Pushchina, U. P. Litvinenko
  • A NEW CONCEPT: THE SOLID IMAGE. Leandro Bornaz, Sergio Dequal
  • 3D MODELLING OF HERITAGE SITES IN AFRICA. A CASE STUDY IN THE WORLD HERITAGE SITE OF KILWA KISIWANI, TANZANIA. Heinz Rüther, Gerard Mtalo, Eric Mngumi
  • THE "MARCHESATO DI SALUZZO" PROJECT: AN OPENSOURCE BASED WEB/GIS FOR HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL RESEARCH, CONSERVATION AND VALORIZATION. E. Agosto, A. Cosenza, F. Rinaudo
  • BETWEEN A ROCK AND A DATA BASE: A CULTURAL SITE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE ROCK PAINTINGS OF ULURU, CENTRAL AUSTRALIA. C. L. Ogleby, G. MacLaren, M. Starkey
  • DOCUMENTING THE PANAMA CANAL an International Achievement. M. Patino, B. Cliver
  • IRST EXPERIMENTS WITH CONVERGENT MULTI-IMAGES PHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH AUTOMATIC CORRELATION APPLIED TO DIFFERENTIAL RECTIFICATION OF ARCHITECTURAL FACADES. J. García-León, A. M. Felicísimo, J. J. Martínez
  • DIGITAL IMAGES PROCESSING OF HYPERSPECTRAL AIRBORNE DATA: A CULTURAL HERITAGE EXAMPLE. P. Ardissone, P. Boccardo, E. Borgogno Mondino
  • MIDDLE SCALE MAPPING OF CULTURAL SITES BASED ON HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGES. P. Boccardo, E. Borgogno Mondino, F. Giulio Tonolo
  • NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR SINGLE IMAGES IN CONSERVATION. by Walter Schuhr and Erich Kanngieser
  • ON MULTI-IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION FROM HISTORIC PHOTOGRAPHS. I. Kalisperakis, M. Rova, E. Petsa, G. E. Karras
  • A RESEARCH PROJECT IN THE INTERSECTION OF ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION AND VIRTUAL REALITY: CAHRISMA. Z. Karabiber Yüksel, C.Binan, R. Unver
  • COMPARING THE ACOUSTICS OF MOSQUES AND BYZANTINE CHURCHES. P. Fausti, R. Pompoli, N. Prodi
  • ACOUSTICAL IMPROVEMENT OF A HISTORICAL OPERA HOUSE USING ROOM SIMULATIONS. L. Parati, A. C. Gade, R. Pompoli, J. H. Rindel
  • REAL-TIME RECREATED CEREMONIES IN VR RESTITUTED CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES. G. Papagiannakis, A. Foni, N. Magnenat-Thalmann
  • PHOTOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF MOSAIC AND TILED FLOORS - A METHODOLOGY. D. P. Andrews, N. J. Beckett, M. Clowes, S. M. Tovey
  • RESEARCH FOR THE POSSIBILITIES OF DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS FOR CLOSE RANGE STEREOSCOPIC PHOTOGRAPHS, APPLIED ON THE RUINS OF TRANSEPT AND CHANCELOF THE CHURCH OF AULNE ABBEY (THUIN, BELGIUM). F. Benoit, D. Devriendt,J. Debie, R. Goossens
  • COMPARISON OF SURVEYS OF ST. MARK'S SQUARE, IN VENICE. Andrea Lingua, Fulvio Rinaudo, Giovanni Auditore, Caterina Balletti, Francesco Guerra, Luca Pilot
  • 3D RECONSTRUCTION AND VISUALIZATION IN CULTURAL HERITAGE. M. Ioannides, E. Stylianidis, S. Stylianou
  • TRUE ORTHOPHOTO OF THE WHOLE TOWN OF TURIN. Sergio DEQUAL, Andrea LINGUA
  • VALUATION OF ORTHORECTIFICATION BY USE OF PHOTOMODELER SOFTWARE. Herbert J. B. Erwes, Walter da Silva Prado, Arly Gáutama Rodrigues e Silva, Daniel Wander Ferreira de Melo,
  • USABILITY AND POTENTIAL USE OF THE HIGH RESOLUTION DIGITAL CAMERA IN THE DETERMINATION OF 3D DIGITAL MODEL. L. Fregonese
  • 3D MODEL GENERATION AND VISUALIZATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE. N. Yastikh, O. Emem, Z. Alkis
  • INTEGRATION OF CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND TOPOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS TO GET THE TRIDIMENSIONAL MODEL OF COMPLEX SCULPTURE. M. Martín, F. J. Iglesias, H. Rodrigo, S. Hernández
  • NEXPENSIVE AND ROBUST 3D MODEL ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING OF SMALL ARTIFACTS. Ulay Yilmaz, Oguz Özün, Burçak Otlu, Adem Mulayim, Volkan Atalay
  • A NEW APPROACH FOR 3D MODELS TRANSMISSION. A. Guamieri, F. Pirotti, M. Pontin, A. Vettore
  • REMOTE SENSING OBJECT-ORIENTED IMAGE ANALYSIS APPLIED TO HALF-TIMBERED HOUSES. Tania Neusch & Pierre Grussenmeyer
  • PROTECTING CULTURAL IMPORTANT WRITINGS WITH NEW METHODS IN REPRODUCTION AND ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING. M. Jobst
  • Introduction of SVG as a Data Interchange Format for Architectural Documentations. Günter Pomaska
  • DISCUSSION OF TWO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNIQUES COMBINED FOR DOCUMENTATION OF DEFENSIONSKASERNE IN MINDEN WITH REFERENCE TO ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION. Mine Hamamcioglu Turan
  • CLOSE RANGE ORTHOIMAGE USING A LOW COST DIGITAL CAMCORDER. E. Tsiligiris, M. Papakosta, C. Ioannidis, A. Georgopoulos
  • THE RESTORATION OF BEAUFORT CASTLE (SOUTH-LEBANON) A 3D RESTITUTION ACCORDING TO HISTORICAL DOCUMENTATION. Pierre Grussenmeyer, Jean Yasmine
  • CAMERA CALIBRATION APPROACHES USING SINGLE IMAGES OF MAN-MADE OBJECTS. L. Grammatikopoulos, G. E. Karras, E. Petsa
  • LENS DISTORTION SIMULATION. AN APPLICATION FOR UNDERSTANDING GEOMETRIC DISTORTION. Gómez Lahoz J. Cuadrado Méndez 0. Martinez Rubio J.
  • MEASURING ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES USING EAGLE'S EYE. D. Skarlatos, S. Theodoridou, E. Karalis, K. Tokmakidis
  • The survey of the Temple of Augustus and Goddess Roma in Ankara. Paula BOTTERI, Gabriele FANGI, Eva Savina MALINVERNI, Beatrice PINNA CABONI
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECORDING AND EVALUATION OF THE MARKET GATE OF MILETUS FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION. T. Vögtle, K. Ringle, M. Nutto, H.-P. Bähr, M. Pfanner, F. Zens, M. Maischberger
  • REHABILITATION OF THE TUNKU CANSELOR HALL, UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA. Zuraini M. A.
  • ORTHOIMAGE PROCESSING IN ARCHEOLOGY. THE SITE OF COLONIA CLUNIA SULPICIA (PENALBA DE CASTRO, BURGOS - SPAIN). G. Gillani, M, Roggero
  • OUR NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE - TRANSFORMATIONS, COLLECTIONS, CREATIVE PROCESSES. Elmar Csaplovics, Ashis K. Saha, Ulrike Herbig, Bülend Atalar, Frank Duke Biney, Leoward Cabangbang, Christiane Diekmann, Gustavo Adolfo Esquivel, Karolina Kosc, Juan Carlos Montoya, Maja Oven, Miki Shimizu, Michal Vanek, Andrea Seppi, Axel Guhlmann
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRIC STUDIES ON STOA IN ANCIENT CITY OF KNIDOS (DATCA-MUGLA). Ferruh YILDIZ, Hakan KARABÖRK, Murat YAKAR, Lütfiye ALP, H. Murat YILMAZ
  • EVALUATION OF A THEATRE BY USING LOW-ALTITUDE AERIAL AND TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY. T. M. Celikoyan, M. O. Altan, G. Kemper, G. Toz
  • CALIBRATING AND USING AN OLYMPUS CAMERA FOR BALLOON PHOTOGRAMMETRY. T. M. Celikoyan, M. O. Altan, G. Kemper, G. Toz
  • ARCHEOLOGICAL PARK DESIGN IN THE VICINITY OF ZEUGMA AND APPLICABLE REMOTE SENSING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY METHODS. Ü. Basaran, A. Yildirim, D. Z. Seker
  • CONTRIBUTION OF GEOPHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS FOR SURVEY AND PROTECTION OF HILLFORTS. R. Krivánek
  • GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTION IN SOUTH ABUSIR, EGYPT, 2002. R. Krivánek, M. Bárta
  • GEOPHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE CHRISTIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE EMMAUS-NICOPOLIS (CENTRAL ISRAEL). L. V. Eppelbaum, S. E. Itkis
  • THE GEOPHYSICAL STUDY OF BURIED ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS AND THE PRESERVATION OF THE ARCHITECTURAL PATRIMONY OF MEXICO CITY. L. Barba
  • SEMI-AUTOMATIC CAMERA CALIBRATION AND IMAGE ORIENTATION USING THE CIPA REFERENCE DATA SET. Frank A. van den Heuvel
  • THE AGORA OF ÍZMÍR AND CULTURAL TOURISM. Eti AKYÜZ LEVI
  • THE CONTRIBUTION OF MODERN GEOMETRIC RECORDING AND VISUALIZATION METHODS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A NEW MUSEUM CONCEPT. Ch. Ioannidis, M. Xipnitou, C. Potsiou, S. Soile
  • AN EXPERIMENT ON A SYSTEM FOR SELECTING THE METHOD OF ARCHITECTURAL RECORDING. Can S. BINAN
  • AN APPRAISAL OF THE UTILIZATION OF GIS IN AN URBAN CONSERVATION PROJECT IN ANTAKYA. N. Nayci, A. G. Bilgin Altinöz, N. Sahin Güchan
  • FREAK - CONSISTENT SURVEYING AND DOCUMENTATION SYSTEMS AS A PLANNING BASIS FOR LARGE-SCALE HISTORIC BUILDINGS. D. Donath, F. Petzold, T. Thurow, U. Weferling
  • COMPUTER RECONSTRUCTION AND MODELING OF THE GREAT BUDDHA STATUE IN B AMI Y AN, AFGHANISTAN. A.Gruen, F.Remondino, L.Zhang
  • GEOMATIC APPLICATIONS IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH: THE MIDDLE AGES IN THE PO VALLEY LANDSCAPE. Paolo Ardissone, Fulvio Rinaudo
  • DIGITAL RECORDING OF STRATIGRAPHIC EXCAVATIONS. Michael Doneus, Wolfgang Neubauer, Nikolaus Studnicka
  • REPLICATION OF MARBLE EXHIBITS USING PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND LASER SCANNING (OR HOW TO FORGE EXHIBITS). D. Skarlatos, S. Theodoridou. D. Hennings, S. Ville
  • FAST ON-SITE RECONSTRUCTION AND VISUALIZATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS. Konrad Schindler, Markus Grabner, Franz Leberl
  • DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE ANALYSIS. THE SURVEY OF THE AQUEDUCT OF "LOS MILAGROS" IN MÉRIDA, SPAIN. Fernández Martín JJ.; Martínez Rubio J; San José Alonso J
  • DOCUMENTATION OF GERMAN EMPEROR MAXIMILIAN I'S TOMB. W. Boehler, M. Bordas Vicent, K. Hanke, A. Marbs
  • TACHEOMETRY IN COMBINATION WITH BUILDING-ELEMENT ORIENTED CAAD-SYSTEMS THE INTEGRATION OF HIGH-PRECISION PLAN, SIMPLE 3D-MODEL AND SUPPLEMENTARY BUILDING INFORMATION IN A SINGLE SYSTEM. D. Donath, U. Weferling
  • 3D Laserscanning for Engineering and Architectural Heritage Conservation. Mettenleiter, M.; Härtl, F.; Heinz, I; Neumann, B.; Hildebrand, A.; Abmayr, T.; Fröhlich, C.
  • Object segmentation in cultural heritage. Leandro Bomaz, Fulvio Rinaudo, Marco Roggero
  • DETERMINATION OF OLD AND NEW DEFORMATIONS AT KUCUK AYA SOFYA (LITTLE HAGIA SOPHIA) MOSQUE IN ISTANBUL BY PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS AND AN ATTEMPT OF THEIR INTERPRETATION. A. Alkis, E. G. Arun, H. Demirel, R. D. Düppe, C .Gerstenecker, M. Hovenbitzer
  • WHOLLY DOCUMENTING HOLY MONUMENTS. Balodimos D., Lavvas, G., Georgopoulos A.
  • DOCUMENTATION OF STONE AGE ARTIFACTS. W. Boehler, K. Boehm, G. Heinz, A. Justus, Ch. Schwarz, M. Siebold
  • Merging and processing of laser scan data and high-resolution digital images acquired with a hybrid 3D laser sensor. Johannes RIEGL, Nikolaus STUDNICKA, Andreas ULLRICH
  • LASER SCANNING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE DOCUMENTATION OF A LARGE STATUE - EXPERIENCES IN THE COMBINED USE. Ch. Ioannidis, Maria Tsakiri
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECONSTRUCTION AND VIRTUAL PRESENTATION OF MONASTERY OF CHRIST PANTEPOPTES. Z. Duran, G. Toz
  • LASERSCANNING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE MODELLING OF THE STATUE MARC ANTON. Ch. Briese, N. Pfeifer, A. Haring
  • USING OF NON-EXPENSIVE 3D SCANNING INSTRUMENTS FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION. Karel Pavelka, Tomas Dolansky
  • INTEGRATED SURVEY METHODS TO OBTAIN INTERPRETATIVE MODELS AIMED AT CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION. G. Tucci, V. Bonora, A. Spanò
  • 3D MODELING AND RESTORATION: FROM METRIC TO THEMATIC SURVEY. THE CASE STUDY OF SAN FRANCESCO AL PRATO IN PERUGIA. G. Tucci, F. Algostino, V. Bonora, F. Chiabrando
  • 3D MODELLING AND VISUALISATION OF AL BASTAKIA IN DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES. KARIM HADJRI
  • ARCHIMEDES3D - AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR THE GENERATION OF ARCHITECTURAL ORTHOIMAGES. Albert Wiedemann, John Moré and Rüdiger Tauch
  • THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY CAMPAIGN OF STRUCTURES OF THE IASOS'S BOUNDARY WALL IN CARIA. Stefano Bertocci
  • ANALYSES ON BUILDING MORTAR SAMPLES USED IN THE WORKS OF MASONRY OF THE JASOS ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE, TURKEY. P. Pierattini
  • THE EVALUATION OF LIME MORTARS AND PLASTERS WITH THE PURPOSE OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION. S. Acun, N. Arioglu
  • INTEGRATED METHODOLOGIES OF REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF A GREAT MONUMENTAL STRUCTURE: SAN LORENZO MAGGIORE IN MILAN. C. Achille, S. Bozic, R. Brumana, L. Fregonese, C. Monti, G. Monti, C. Savi, R. Virgilio
  • iZMiT SULTAN ABDÜLAZÎZ IMPERIAL LODGE: DOCUMENTATION AND ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES CAUSED BY THE EARTHQUAKE OF 1999. Yegan Kahya, Kani Kuzucular, Nilüfer B.Yöney, Aysegül Özer.
  • A BIRD'S EYE VIEW ON SWITZERLAND IN THE 18th CENTURY: 3D RECORDING AND ANALYSIS OF A HISTORICAL RELIEF MODEL. Jana Niederoest
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRIC WORKS ON TONYUKUK MONUMENTS IN MONGOLIA. Ferruh YILDIZ, Hakan KARABÖRK, Murat YAKAR, H. Murat YILMAZ, Lütfiye ALP
  • TRANSFORMING OF HISTORICAL REAL ESTATE ENTITIES’S PROPERTY TO PUBLIC PROPERTY. R. Nisanci, B. Uzun, M. Cete
  • DOCUMENTA TION OF THE SILHOUETTE CHANGES OF ISTANBUL USING DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS. S. Kulur, M. O. Altan, Z. Duran, Y. Kardas
  • SYGIS - THE FINNISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECT IN SYRIA. M. Lönnqvist, PhD M. Törmä, MSci
  • DIGITAL SURFACE MODELING OF JOINTED ROCK IN STONE MONUMENTS USING LASER SCANNER AND DIGITAL CAMERA. C. Y. Jeong, H. S. Lee, H. D. Park
  • TOWARDS A STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING OF CULTURAL HERITAGE. David Barber, Jon Mills and Paul Bryan
  • COMPLEX ENGINEERING TECHNICAL EXAMINATION OF THE ASCENT CHURCH AT THE STATE OUTDOOR MUSEUM KOLOMENSKOYE. N.M. Almazova
  • LASER SCANNING AND CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY: TOWARDS A SINGLE MEASURING TOOL DEDICATED TO ARCHITECTURE AND ARCHAEOLOGY. Pierre Drap, Matteo Sgrenzaroli, Marco Caneiani, Giacomo Cannata, Julien Seinturier
  • RESEARCHING THE ORIENTATION OF MONUMENTS THE CHURCH OF THE GREAT METEORO MONASTERY. G. Pantazis, R. Korakitis, E. Lambrou, D. Sinachopoulos
  • TACTILE SURVEYING METHODS OF SURVEYING BUILDING DETAIL - AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF COMPUTER-AIDED BUILDING SURVEYING. U. Weferling
  • A PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATING PERFORMANCE OF MEASURED SURVEY METHODS. Salim Elwazani
  • UTILIZING GIS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF HISTORICAL STRATIFICATION IN BERGAMA (PERGAMON) AS A SUPPORT FOR CONSERVATION DECISION-MAKING PROCESS. A. G. Bilgin Altinöz
  • PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN EPHESOS - RECORDING BASIC SPATIAL DATA. Stefan KLOTZ
  • DOCUMENTATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RUINS AND STANDING MONUMENTS USING PHOTO-RECTIFICATION AND 3D MODELLING. F. Summers, N. Atalan, N. Aydin, O. Basagac, G. Ugar
  • EXPERIENCES IN PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORDING. D. Mavromati, E. Petsa, G. E. Karras
  • THE MAGNETOMETER SURVEY AT THE EARLY ISLAMIC CITY OF KHARAB SAYYAR, NORTH-EAST SYRIA. M. Posselt
  • STANDARDIZATION: A NECESSITY FOR THE DOCUMENTATION & ARCHIVING IN CULTURAL HERITAGE. M. loannides, G. Hadzilacos
  • TAILORING THE HERITAGE RECORD. A PROACTIVE APPROACH TO USER NEEDS. J. Bell, C. Ouimet
  • CONTRIBUTION OF SIMPLE TEACHING TOOLS TO THE RecorDIM-INITIATIVE. Albert Wiedemann, Francois LeBlanc
  • A DISCUSSION ON THE ANALYSIS STAGE OF STRATEGIC CONSERVATION PLANNING. S. Onal Hoskara, N. Doratli
  • INVESTIGATING LASER SCANNER ACCURACY. W. Boehler, M. Bordas Vicent, A. Marbs
  • ARCHITECTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE : VIRTUAL REALITY WITH PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND LASER SCANNING. M. Caprioli, M. Minchilli, A. Scognamiglio, G. Strisciuglio
  • THE UTILITY OF GEODETIC SURVEY TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENTS IN ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION - AN ASSESSMENT OF RECENT APPROACHES IN TURKEY: THE DOCUMENTATION PROJECT OF THE OTTOMAN FORTRESSES OF SEDDULBAHIR AND KUMKALE. C. Guney, R. N. Celik, L. Thys-Senocak, A. Ozsavasci
  • A DATA MODEL FOR A GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE NASCA LINES AT PALPA (PERU). K. Lambers, M. Sauerbier
  • SPATIAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH AREA OF THE ANCIENT CITY TAVIUM, CENTRAL ANATOLIA. Hartmut Müller
  • AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF GIS - AIDED CONSERVATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN; THE CASE OF SiLLE- KONYA. R. Erdem, S. Durduran, T. Cay, O. N. Dülgerler, H. H. Yildirim
  • TRADITIONAL ENVIRONMENT, CULTURE, and CONSERVATION: THE CASE OF KORUCAM VILLAGE- CYPRUS. F. Ilkin, O. Özderen, O. Sengezer
  • DOCUMENTING, MANIGING & VISUALIZING A HUGE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DATA SET. J. L. Lerma, C. Portalés, D. Germes
  • NON DESTRUCTIVE GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYES: ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEEDBACK. M. Ciminale and D. Gallo
  • ISTANBUL-BOSPHORUS AS OUR CULTURAL HERITAGE, THE PROCESS OF CHANGE OVER TIME. C. Baytin, C. Canbay Türkyilmaz, A.Kiran, M.Tunbis
  • CONSERVING CULTURAL HERITAGE IN AN URBAN SETTING AND THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY. Tingfun YEH
  • PRESERVING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL INFORMATION WITH THE HELP OF MULTIMEDIA CARTOGRAPHY. M. Jobst
  • CULTURAL AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF AN HISTORICAL NEIGHBORHOOD IN EDIRNE. Nevnihal Erdogan, Vedia Dökmeci, Damla Zeybekoglu
  • REVITALIZATION OF A STREET IN A HISTORIC URBAN QUARTER: CASE STUDY: GIRNE LiMAN ARKASI. B. Oktay, M. Fasli, N. Pasaogullari
  • KEYWORDS
  • KEY WORD INDEX
  • AUTHOR INDEX
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CIPA 2003 XlX' h International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalva, Turkey 
697 
of the distance between scanner and object (Boehler, Marbs, 
2002). 
Ranging errors can be observed when known distances in range 
direction are measured with the scanner. If scanners are not 
equipped with a defined reference point (such as forced 
centering) it is only possible to measure range differences 
between targets. Plane, cylindrical or spherical targets may be 
used if their precise positions are surveyed with instruments and 
methods more accurate than the laser scanner. In the case of 
scanners with a field of view larger than 180 degrees, the 
determination of a systematic constant error (zero error) is 
important too, since this error will appear twice when 
measuring a distance between two targets at two opposite sides 
of the scanner (e.g. when scanning all walls from the center of a 
room). 
A very fast and easy check for the noise (accidental error) of 
range measurements can be achieved when a plane target 
perpendicular to the observation direction is scanned and the 
standard deviation of the range differences of the points from an 
intermediate plane through the point cloud is computed. As an 
additional result, this test also detects if range is only provided 
with a certain resolution (e.g. 1 cm) which is the case for some 
instruments (Kern, 2003). 
2.4 Resolution 
The term “resolution” is used in different context when the 
performance of laser scanners is discussed. From a user’s point 
of view, resolution describes the ability to detect small objects 
or object parts in the point cloud. Technically, two different 
laser scanner specifications contribute to this ability, the 
smallest possible increment of the angle between two successive 
points and the size of the laser spot itself on the object. Most 
scanners allow manual settings of the angular increment by the 
user. In relation to the size of the laser spot, some instruments 
allow increments which are so small that they really don’t make 
any sense (as the Cyrax 2500) whereas others have very coarse 
increments that do not allow to accomplish a resolution which 
would actually be possible considering the size of the spot (as 
the vertical increment of the Callidus). 
Since the combined effects of increments and spot size 
determine object resolution, a test object comprising small 
elements or small slots in front of a plane can serve to determine 
application related resolution information. 
2.5 Edge effects 
Even when well focused, the laser spot on the object will have a 
certain size. When the spot hits an object edge, only a part of it 
will be reflected there. The rest may be reflected from the 
adjacent surface, a different surface behind the edge, or not at 
all (when no further object is present within the possible range 
of the scanner). Both, ranging scanners and triangulation 
scanners produce a variety of wrong points in the vicinity of 
edges. The wrong points are usually to be found on the ray from 
the laser deflection point to the edge point, behind the edges 
(when looking from the scanner). The range error may vary 
from just a millimeter to values of several decimeters. 
Obviously, wrong points are inevitable since the laser “spot” 
cannot be focused to point size. It can be assumed that well 
focused lasers will show better results. When using a standard 
target with different types of edges, the performance of different 
types of scanners can be compared. 
A systematic effect can be observed when cylindrical and 
spherical targets are observed from a close distance (Lichti et. 
al. 2002). In this case, at the peripheral parts of the object, the 
center of the reflecting surface area is not identical with the 
center of the center of the transmitted spot. 
2.6 Influence of surface reflectivity 
Laser scanners have to rely on a signal reflected back from the 
object surface to the receiving unit in case of ranging scanners 
and to the camera in case of triangulation scanners. In either 
case, the strength of the returning signal is influenced (among 
other facts such as distance, atmospheric conditions, incidence 
angle) by the reflective abilities of the surface (albedo). White 
surfaces will yield good reflections whereas reflection ls'poor 
from black surfaces. The effects of colored surfaces depend on 
the spectral characteristics of the laser (green, red, near infra 
red). Shiny surfaces usually are not easy to record. 
It has been observed that surfaces of different reflectivity result 
in systematic errors in range. For some materials these errors 
may reach amounts several times larger than the standard 
deviation of a single range measurement. Some scanners which 
provide some type of aperture adjustment show errors in the 
first points after the laser spot has reached an area of a 
reflectivity differing considerably from the previous area, and it 
can be observed that the correct range is achieved only after a 
few points have been measured. For objects consisting of 
different materials or differently painted or coated surfaces, one 
has always to expect serious errors. These can only be avoided 
if the object is temporarily coated with a unique material which, 
of course, is not applicable in most cases. 
If the effect has to be examined and evaluated, one may use 
plane white targets and apply the material in question to the 
center part of the target. When the intermediate planes are 
computed for the colored or coated center part only and then for 
the rest of the (white) target without using the center part, the 
difference between those planes will give an indication of this 
effect. 
2.7 Environmental conditions 
Temperature. Any scanner will only function properly when 
used in a certain temperature range. Even within this range, 
deviations may be observed, however, especially in the distance 
measurement. It should be noted that the temperature inside the 
scanner may be far above the temperature of the surrounding 
atmosphere due to internal heating or heating resulting from 
external radiation (sun). 
Atmosphere. Since short distances only are measured, the 
change of the propagation speed of light due to temperature and 
pressure variations will not seriously affect the results. Many 
users report however that measurements in surroundings where 
dust or steam is present lead to effects similar to the edge effects 
described above. 
Interfering radiation. Lasers operate in a very limited 
frequency band. Therefore filters can be applied in the receiving 
unit allowing only this frequency to reach the receiver resp. the 
camera. If the radiation of the illumination source (sunlight, 
lamps) is strong as compared to the signal, enough of this 
ambient radiation will pass the filter and influence the accuracy 
or prevent any measurements at all. 
2.8 Specifications and considerations besides accuracy 
This article concentrates on accuracy considerations. Of course, 
other scanner specifications influence their applicability as well 
(Boehler, Marbs, 2002). Among these are measuring speed, 
range limits, field of view, registration devices for the combi 
nation of several scans and the transformation to a control
	        

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