International cooperation and technology transfer

Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

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Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856490555

Author:: Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

Title:: International cooperation and technology transfer

Sub title:: Ljubljana, Slovenia, February 2 - 5, 2000 : proceedings of the workshop

Scope:: VI, 163 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2000

Place of publication:: London

Publisher of the original:: RICS Books

Identifier (digital):: 856490555

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: RTK SURVEY USING COMBINED GPS+GLONASS L1/L2 CARRIER PHASES. Crocetto N. - Gatti M. - Marchesini M. - Negroni F. - Russo P.

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

40 • two external antennas (Legant microstrip zero centered) (Fig. 4) with incorporated choke and certificate of calibration on the GPS L1+L2 carriers; Fig. 4. The Legant antenna. • 32-bit Control Data Unit or Data Logger (CDU-2 - Psion 5) (Fig. 5) with 8 Mb of RAM for data storage under the Epoch 32 operating system, equipped with RTK Field Face software. The software is able to manage each measurement and recording function and to perform a co-ordinate transformation between the datum and different projections; Fig. 5. The Psion 5 Data Logger. • 433-34 MHz external radio modem (Satel) with 1 W of power, approved for use in Italy. Finally, the entire GPS+GLONASS RTK system was equipped with connecting cables and power supply batteries. Figure 6 illustrates the connections of the various components both for the Master station and the Rover station. 2. FIELD TEST 2.1 Marking out transverse sections of a road embankment The first example of an application of the system involves the marking out (Fig. 7 and 8) of transverse sections and the surveying of 3 road embankments under construction. The purpose was to quantify the volume of fill used in the works. The transverse sections of the road embankments had the geometric characteristics reported in Figure 9. Their lengths varied between 1.5 and 2.5 km. Fig. 6. Master and Rover receivers of the GPS+GLONASS RTK system. Fig. 7. View of the road embankment under construction. Fig. 8. Positioning of the Rover receiver on the measuring point. Before the GPS+GLONASS RTK measurements, we performed a traditional survey to determine on the ground the planned sections of the road embankments (Zero survey). The instrumentation used consisted of a Pentax PTSV1 integrated electronic theodolite. The instrumentation sites were organised planimetrically and altimetrically with respect to existing vertices of known co-ordinates. From them, we measured, with simple polar co-ordinates, some new vertices which were then used to perform the operations of plane calibration of the GPS+GLONASS measurements. In view of the limited area of the zone and the low precision required for measurement of the height (rms between 10 and 15 centimeters), we assumed the relative variations between geoid and ellipsoid to be zero.

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