International cooperation and technology transfer

Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856490555

Author:: Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

Title:: International cooperation and technology transfer

Sub title:: Ljubljana, Slovenia, February 2 - 5, 2000 : proceedings of the workshop

Scope:: VI, 163 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2000

Place of publication:: London

Publisher of the original:: RICS Books

Identifier (digital):: 856490555

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: NEW MAP GRAPHICS. Stanislav Franges

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

58 appearing towards test maps on which the map graphics has been changed considerably as compared to the one existing so far. Those who stick to the preservation of the old or to the establishment of the surviving achievements will take such maps as dangerous being new and as an unnecessary step into the unknown. Those who tend to carry out more radical changes will notice that map graphics should have been changed even more. If smaller changes of map graphics are carried out on test maps, the critics will be directed mostly on the account of too small operations done. Fig. 4. Some of test maps (Knin and Zagreb), originally colour test maps (Franges, 1998). The test maps are indispensable as the evidence of successfully made research and analysis. Figure 4 shows some of test maps made in the dissertation (Franges, 1998). Their production was intended for achieving at least some of the aspirations referring to the changes of map graphics and deriving from the demands made before: - appropriate legibility due to the enlargement of minimal sizes, but not visually at the expense of graphic density, and due to the application of known features; - clearness due to the fulfilment of the conditions referring to the simplicity, contrasting quality and layer arrangement which is not possible to be checked completely because only the cut outs, and not entire map sheets characterised by the clearness, have been made; accuracy due to the control of positioning accuracy referring to the pattern and due to the consistent following of accuracy symbols; - appropriate plainness due to the fulfilment of the demands of symbols, especially by symbols and colour, due to the traditional behaviour and hierarchic organisation of map graphics, with special attention to the creation of the series of symbols from the basic form and to the length of symbols; - aesthetics due to the realisation of harmony, to the accordance of all applied elements of map graphics and the beauty, due to the symbols and the selection of colours, and to the typography; - reproducibility due to the fulfilment of the quality conditions with the special emphasis on the resolution, due to the preparation for the six-colour print (CMYK + grey for shadows + brown for contour lines). This wish has been most badly realised because of the technical and material possibilities. 6. CONCLUSION In order to have the changes in map graphics carried out, one should respect definite items: - Appropriate map graphics is one of the most important presumptions for good map presentation on the paper and for the visualisation on the screen. - A user demands appropriate map graphics and a clear visibility as well, accompanied by irreproachable understanding of a map. - Available software systems should be improved further on for the mapping application, and easier to learn and use. - The generale scale of a database is an illusion in cartography. - Maps on the screen cannot replace analogous prints completely, but they can supplement them very successfully, and vice versa. - Today everyone makes maps, and the map graphics has not been given necessary attention. - One should accept that none of the achieved levels in map graphics is so completed that it could not be improved further on. References Bos, E. S., 1984. Systematic symbol design in cartographic education. ITC Journal, 1, pp. 20-28. DiBiase, D., MacEachren, A. M., Krygier, J. B., Reeves, C., 1992. Animation and the Role of Map Design in Scientific Visualization. Cartography and Geographic Information Systems, 4, 201-214, pp. 265-266.

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