International cooperation and technology transfer

Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856490555

Author:: Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

Title:: International cooperation and technology transfer

Sub title:: Ljubljana, Slovenia, February 2 - 5, 2000 : proceedings of the workshop

Scope:: VI, 163 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2000

Place of publication:: London

Publisher of the original:: RICS Books

Identifier (digital):: 856490555

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: THE FIRST SLOVENIAN NAUTICAL CHART - DIGITAL ON WGS 84. Igor Karnicnik, M. Sc. Dalibor Radovan, M. Sc. Dusan Petrovic,

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

82 THE FIRST SLOVENIAN NAUTICAL CHART - DIGITAL ON WGS 84 Igor Karnicnik, M.Sc. Dalibor Radovan, M.Sc. Dusan Petrovic, Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Photogrammetry, Ljubljana, Slovenia KEY WORDS: nautical charting, hydrographic survey ABSTRACT: The Gulf of Koper chart is the first Slovenian nautical chart. This paper contains a description of hydrographic education procedures, geodetic and hydrographic survey, terrain control of aids to navigation, processing of hydrographic fair sheets and digital cartographic design. The chart was produced at a scale of 1 : 12000 in accordance with the hydrographic and cartographic standards of the International Hydrographic Organization. In order to assure satellite navigation, its contents was presented in a Mercator projection on WGS 84 ellipsoid. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Die erste slowenische Seekarte Die Karte Golf von Koper ist die erste slowenische Seekarte. In dem Artikel werden die Prozeße der hydro graphischen Ausbildung, geodätischen und hydrographischen Vermessung, Kontrolle von Landmarken, Bearbeitung des hydrographischen Originals und digitalen Herstellung der Karte dargestellt. Die Karte wird nach hydrographischen und kartographischen Normen der Internationalen Hydrographischen Organisation hergestellt, im Maßstab von 1:20000. Wegen der Satellitennavigation ist der Inhalt der Karte in Mercator- projektion auf dem Ellipsoid WGS 84. Stichwörter: nautische Kartographie, hydrographische Vermessung INTRODUCTION The Slovenian sea is a small, but economically and strategically very important part of the northern Adriatic. Daily traffic includes many pleasure-boats, super tankers and merchant ships with dangerous goods. Occasionally there are foreign naval ships, and other contributors to the very dense traffic are the many fishing vessels and of course the proximity of Trieste harbour. International transport in the port of Koper is of vital importance for Slovenia due to its connection to Central Europe by railway and roads. Slovenian sea has depths up to 30 m, which is deeper than the lowest draft of the larger ships. However, the Koper harbour has depths up to 18 m, which means that some ships are navigating only a few decimeters from the bottom. In addition, especially in the winter, safe navigation is hindered by the wind and fog. The main reason for the production of nautical charts is safety of navigation. Charts, in combination with modern satellite navigation systems in the ships and harbours, are very important aspect of safe navigation. The production of nautical charts comes under the supervision of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), because just one wrong piece of information on the chart can lead to disaster. A harbour without an official nautical chart is unreliable especially from an insurance point of view. Until the first Slovenian chart was published, rather outdated charts were in use. The production of nautical charts of Slovenian sea in the past was carried out by Hydrographic Institute of the Yugoslavian Navy. After the independence of Slovenia and Croatia, the legacy of Yugoslavian Hydrographic Institute was carried on by Croatian State Hydrographic Institute. They continued to produce the latest charts use in Slovenia. Slovenia became an associated member of IHO after independence. At this time the Maritime Affairs Office at the Ministry of Transport and Communications was established. Due to the facts mentioned above, the production of our own nautical chart proved necessary. HYDROGRAPHIC COURSE A substantial knowledge of cartography, navigation and hydrography is required for nautical chart production. A number of different courses, organized abroad, provide the appropriate education and training. With the intervention of the Ministry of Transport and Communications, the Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Photogrammetry (IGF), as a producer of new

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