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The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics

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fullscreen: The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856566209

Author:: Chen, Jun

Title:: The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics

Sub title:: May 23 - 25, 2001, Bangkok, Thailand

Scope:: VI, 434 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2001

Place of publication:: Pathumthani, Thailand

Publisher of the original:: AIT

Identifier (digital):: 856566209

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: INCORPORATING 3D GEO-OBJECTS INTO AN EXISTING 2D GEO-DATABASE: AN EFFICIENT USE OF GEO-DATA. Jantien STOTER, Peter VAN OOSTEROM

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Contents

Table of contents

The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics
Cover
ColorChart
Title page
PREFACE
Conference Venue
CONTENTS
DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS AND AUTOMATIC GENERALIZATION OF URBAN BUILDING CLUSTER. Tinghua AI
GENERALIZATION FOR 3D GIS. Fengwen BAI, Xiaoyong CHEN
USING IKONOS HIGH RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR LAND USE CLASSIFICATION IN CHINA. Georg BARETH
LARGE SCALE GIS FOR A SUBURBAN TOWNSHIP OF BEIJING TO MODEL STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE ON FIELD LEVEL. Georg BARETH, Si JIN, Tailai YAN and Reiner DOLUSCHITZ
THREE LEVEL HIERARCHICAL QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTIONS FOR DIRECTIONS OF SPATIAL OBJECTS. Han CAO, Jun CHEN, Daosheng Du
THE APPLICATION OF CENTROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS TO THE STUDY OF THE INTRA-URBAN MIGRATORY PHENOMENON IN THE GREATER MONCTON AREA IN CANADA, 1981-1996. Huhua CAO
PER-FIELD CLASSIFICATION INTEGRATING VERY FINE SPATIAL RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY WITH TOPOGRAPHIC DATA. Mauro CAPRIOLI, Eufemia TARANTINO
INTEGRATION OF GIS WITH PESTICIDES LOSSES RUNOFF MODEL. Bing CHEN, Gordon HUANG, Jonathan LI, Yueren LI, and Yifan LI
RESEARCH ON 3D CITY VISUALIZATION BASED ON INTERNET. Jing CHEN, Qingquan Ll, Jianya GONG, Bisheng YANG
DYNAMIC AND MULTI-DIMENSIONAL GIS: AN OVERVIEW. Jun CHEN, Zhilin LI, Jie JIANG
A GIS-SUPPORTED ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR PETROLEUM WASTE CONTAMINATED SITE. Su Chen, Gordon Huang, and Jonathan Li
MEASURING UNCERTAINTY IN SPATIAL FEATURES IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM. Chui Kwan CHEUNG and Wenzhong SHI
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH OF LARGE CITY BASED ON GIS SPATIAL ANALYSIS. Anrong DANG, Qizhi MAO, Xiaodong WANG
DIGITAL CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY: A POTENTIAL TOOL FOR LAND FEATURE PRESENTATION. Gang DENG
3D SPATIAL OBJECTS MODELING AND VISUALIZATION BASED ON LASER LANGE DATA. Jie DU, Apisit EIUMNOH, Xiaoyang CHEN, Michiro KUSANAGI
3D REPRESENTATION AND SIMULATION OF MINING SUBSIDING LAND BASED ON GIS, DPS AND GPS. Peijun DU, Dazhi GUO and Qihao WENG
USE DSM/DTM TO SUPPORT CHANGE DETECTION OF BUILDING IN URBAN AREA. Hong FAN, Jianqing ZHANG, Zuxun ZHANG, Zhifang LIU
ENHANCE MANAGEMENT LEVEL OF URBAN WATER SUPPLY DEPARTMENT WITH 3S TECHNOLOGY. Yewen FAN and Wei WANG
AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION OF SATELLITE IMAGE TO MAP. Kensaku FUJII
DIFFERENTIAL SATELLITE POSITIONING OVER INTERNET. Ying. GAO and Zhi. LIU
FEDERATED SPATIAL DATABASES AND INTEROPERABILITY. Jianya GONG, Yandong WANG
OPTIMIZING PATH FINDING IN VEHICLE NAVIGATION CONSIDERING TURN PENALTIES AND PROHIBITIONS. Gang HAN, Jie JANG, Jun CHEN
DEVELOPMENT OF DYNAMIC MANAGEMENT SPATIAL-TEMPORAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AND APPLICATION FOR CENSUS DATA- TOWARD ASIAN SPATIAL TEMPORAL GIS (ST-GIS) (2)-. Michinori HATAYAMA, Shigeru KAKUMOTO, Hiroyuki KAMEDA
MODELING LAND USE EFFECT ON URBAN STORM RUNOFF AT THE WATERSHED SCALE. Chansheng HE
EXTRACTION OF THE SEA OIL INFORMATION FROM TM AND AVHRR IMAGE BY THE METHOD OF FEATURE DATA LINE -WINDOW. Fengrong HUANG
THE APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY SET TO CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTELY SENSED IMAGERY. Dongmin HUO, Jingxiong ZHANG, Jiabing SUN
A SELF-ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM OF AUTOMATIC INTERIOR ORIENTATION FOR METRIC IMAGES. Wanshou JIANG, Guo ZHANG, Deren LI
DETECTION OF SHEER CHANGES IN AERIAL PHOTO IMAGES USING AN ADAPTIVE NONLINEAR MAPPING. Yukio KOSUGI, Munenori FUKUNISHI, Mitsuteru SAKAMATO, Wei LU and Takeshi DOIHARA
EFFECTIVENESS OF MENU-DRIVEN VS. SCRIPT-BASED GIS TUTORIAL SYSTEMS. Bin LI
BUILDING OF B/S-BASED OBJECT ORIENTED ELECTRONIC CHART DATABASE. Guangru LI, Shaopeng SUN, Depeng ZHAO
MINE GIS 3D DATA MODEL AND SOME THINKING. Q. Y. LI, D. Y. CAO, X. D. ZHU
THE RESEARCH OF THE INFINITELY VARIABLE MAP SCALE IN GIS. Yifan LI, Shaopeng SUN
RESEARCH ON INFORMATION AUTOMATIC GENERALIZATION WITH VARYING MAP SCALE. Yuanhui LI, Dan LIU, Yifan LI
QUANTITATIVE MEASURES FOR SPATIAL INFORMATION OF MAPS. Zhilin LI and Peizhi HUANG
AN ALGEBRA FOR SPATIAL RELATIONS. Zhilin LI, Renliang ZHAO and Jun CHEN
A STUDY ON THE EXTRACTION OF DEM FROM SINGLE SAR IMAGE. Mingsheng LIAO, Jie YANG, Hui LIN
A GIS-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE ERHAI LAKE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT. Lei LIU, Gordon HUANG, and Jonathan LI
APPLICATION OF 4D AND ASSOCIATED ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR URBAN DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM. Rong LIU, Penggen CHENG, Zhuguo XING, Kaiyun LU
3D RECONSTRUCTION OF A BUILDING FROM SINGLE IMAGE. Yawen LIU, Zuxun ZHANG, Jianqing ZHANG
AN INTELLIGENT GIS SEARCH ENGINE TO RETRIEVE INFORMATION FROM INTERNET. Zhe LIU, Yong GAO
AN ENHANCED TIN GENERATION METHOD FOR USING CONTOUR LINE AS CONSTRAINS. Wei LU, Takeshi DOIHARA
NON-LINEAR RECTIFICATION OF MAP WITH COLLINEAR CONSTRAIN. Wei LU, Takeshi DOIHARA
A STUDY ON VEHICLE POINT CORRECTING ALGORITHM IN GPS/AVL SYSTEMS. HongShan NIU, Jie XU, Hong LI
A SPATIO-TEMPORAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM BASED ON IMPLICIT TOPOLOGY DESCRIPTION: STIMS. Yutaka OHSAWA, Atushi NAGASHIMA
APPLICATION OF VRML IN A DYNAMIC AND MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL HARBOR. Mingyang PAN, Yifan LI, Depeng ZHAO
A COMMON DATA MODEL AND REQUESTING LANGUAGE FOR SPATIAL INFORMATION MARKETPLACES. Matthew Y. C. PANG, Wenzhong SHI, Geoffrey SHEA
TOPOLOGIC DATA STRUCTURE FOR A 3D GIS. Mattias Pfund
AUTOMATIC RECOGNITION AND LOCATION OF ROAD SIGNS FROM TERRESTERIAL COLOR IMAGERY. Sompoch PUNTAVUNGKOUR, Xiaoyang CHEN, Michiro KUSANAGI
A NEW STEREO MATCHING APPROACH USING EDGES AND NONLINEAR MATCHING PROCESS OBJECTED FOR URBAN AREA. Mitsuteru SAKAMOTO, Wei LU, Pingtao WANG
MINING SEQUENTIAL PATTERN FROM GEOSPATIAL DATA. Yin SHAN
THE ADVANCED GIS AND GPS TECHNOLOGIES TO BE USED IN THE LANCHANG BASIN AREA OF YUNNAN PROVINCE OF CHINA. Kun SHI
PRIMARY SPATIAL CHANGES. Hong SHU, Christopher GOLD and Jun CHEN
INCORPORATING 3D GEO-OBJECTS INTO AN EXISTING 2D GEO-DATABASE: AN EFFICIENT USE OF GEO-DATA. Jantien STOTER, Peter VAN OOSTEROM
A FRAMEWORK FOR AUTOMATED CHANGE DETECTION SYSTEM. Haigang SUI, Deren LI, Jianya GONG
BUILDING DISTRIBUTED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR OCEAN TRANSPORTATION (GIS-OT). Shaopeng SUN, Guangru LI, Depeng ZHAO
COMPUTATION OF ACCURACY ASSESSMENT IN THE INTEGRATION OF PHOTOGRAPH AND LASER DATA. Taravudh TIPDECHO & Xiaoyong CHEN
PROXIMITY AND ACCESSIBILITY TO SUITABLE JOBS AMONG WORKERS OF VARIOUS WAGE GROUPS. Fahui WANG
WEB MAPPING WITH GEOGRAPHY MARKUP LANGUAGE. Xingling WANG, Chongjun YANG, Donglin LIU
INTEGRATION OF COMPACTNESS MEASUREMENT METHODS USING FUZZY MULTICRITERIA DECISION MAKING : A NEW APPROACH FOR COMPACTNESS MEASUREMENT IN SHAPE BASED REDISTRICTING ALGORITHM. Yinchai WANG
GIS-BASED SYSTEM FOR RAINFALL ESTIMATION USING RAINGAUGE DATA: A PROTOTYPE. Yinchai WANG, Teck Kiong SIEW
A NEW APPROACH FOR DISTRIBUTED GIS. Yuxiang WANG, Chongjun YANG, Donglin LIU
GEOD2D: A FLEXIBLE SOLUTION FOR GIS DATA EXCHANGE BASED ON COM. Huayi WU, Xinyan ZHU
GEOLOGICAL DATA ORGANIZATION FOR FEM BASED ON 3D GEOSCIENCE MODELING. Lixin WU, Enke HOU, Chunan TANG
DIGITAL MODEL AND GPS BASED PATH REPRESENTATION AND OPTIMIZATION. Linyuan XIA
AN COMPOSITE TEMPORAL DATA MODEL IN CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM. Changsheng XUE, Qingquan LI, and Bisheng YANG, Yuanchun HUA, Shiwu XU
A SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DATA MODEL FOR MOVING AREA PHENOMENA. Shanzhen Yl, Yong ZHONG, Lizhu ZHOU, Jun CHEN, Qilun LIU
CONSTRUCTION OF 3D MODELS FOR ELEVATED OBJECTS IN URBAN AREAS USING AIRBORNE SAR POLARIMETRIC DATA. Yalkun YUSUF, Masashl MATSUOKA, Fumio YAMAZAKI, Seiho URATSUKA, Tatsuharu KOBAYASHI, Makoto SATAKE
COASTAL GIS: FUNCTIONALITY VERSUS APPLICATIONS. Thomas Q ZENG, Qiming ZHOU, Peter COWELL and Haijun HUANG
CIS AIDED CHARACTERIZATION OF SOIL AND GROUNDWATER ARSENIC CONTAMINATION IN SOUTHERN THAILAND. Jianjun ZHANG, Xiaoyong CHEN, Preeda PARKPIAN, Monthip Sriratana TABUCANON, Janewit WONGSANOON, Kensuke FUKUSHI, Skorn MONGKOLSUK and N.C.THANH
MULTIRESOLUTION TERRIAN MODEL. Jin ZHANG
A TROUS WAVELET DECOMPOSITION APPLIED TO DETECTING IMAGE EDGE. Xiaodong ZHANG, Deren LI
RESEARCH OF THE LAND MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM BASED ON WEB GIS AND SPATIAL DATABASES FOR PROVINCIAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN CHINA. Junsan ZHAO, Yaolong ZHAO, Qiaogui ZHAO and Tao WEI
ANALYSING BRANCH BANK CLOSURES USING GIS AND THE SMART MODEL. Lihua ZHAO, Barry J. GARMER
QTM-BASED ALGORITHM FOR THE GENERATING OF VORONOI DIAGRAM FOR SPHERICAL OBJECTS. Xuesheng ZHAO, Jun CHEN
MODELING AND LANDSCAPE OF HIGHWAY CAD. Jiaqing ZHENG, Xi’an ZHAO, Chujiang CHEN
ASSISTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE FOR PREDICTIVE MAPPING USING A FUZZY C-MEANS CLASSIFICATION. A-Xing ZHU, Edward ENGLISH
THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CYBERCITY GIS (CCGIS). Qing ZHU, Deren LI, Yeting ZHANG, Hanjiang XIONG
3D COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ANCIENT CHINESE TIMBER BUILDINGS. Yixuan ZHU, Jie YANG, Deren LI
3D MODELLING FOR AUGMENTED REALITY. Siyka ZLATANOVA
THE DESIGN OF SPATIAL DATA WAREHOUSE. Yijiang ZOU
AUTHOR INDEX
Cover

Full text

ISPRS, Vol.34, Part 2W2, “Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS", Bangkok, May 23-25, 2001 
in Section 4, which also includes a discussion of some possible 
3D model extensions. Section 5 describes some of the issues 
involved in the 3D data collection and preparation, either based 
on CAD models created by designers or on surveying. Complex 
in this is the insertion of the 3D data into the current (2D) geo- 
DBMS. That is where are the 3D data located in respect to the 
2D data Some examples of integrated querying and viewing of 
2D and 3D data are given in Section 6. Finally, conclusions and 
future work are described in Section 7. 
2. THE CASE 
In the major urban centers (and especially their business 
districts) land use is becoming so intense, that very different 
types of ‘land’ use are being positioned under and above each 
other. Examples are: 
constructions on top of each other (see Figure 1); 
infrastructure above and under the ground; 
the increasing number of cables and pipes; 
the increasing number of owners of cables and pipes due 
to privatisation processes. 
Figure 1: various land use on top of each other 
With this tendency to use land more efficiently, the Kadaster, 
responsible for maintaining juridical boundaries and the legal 
status of real estates, is confronted with spatially complex 
property rights. Until now, the right of property of real estate is 
linked to the division of land in 2D parcels. A juridical horizontal 
division in land use can only be established by the registration of 
limited rights on the 2D surface parcel. Consequently, the use of 
land above and under the surface needs to be projected on the 
surface (see Figure 2). In some cases, it is even necessary to 
create new parcels on the surface to be able to define the legal 
status in 3D satisfactorily. 
are needed to register the legal status of one building 
Some of the complexities met with the registration of 3D 
situations in a land information system that was originally 
developed to register parcels, are the following (Stoter, 2000): 
registration is only an administrative one; 
the lack of a (digital) 3D representation of the situation 
makes it difficult to get insight in the factual situation; 
current registration is used in situations for which it was not 
originally meant; 
the current solutions lead to divers registration practices for 
similar situations; 
the parcel is used for registration and not the object on, 
above or under the surface (building, tunnel etc.). This 
means that these real-world objects are not registered as 
such. This leads to the following complications: 
the real-world object itself or characteristics of the 
object are not maintained and can therefore not be 
found at the cadastral registration system: the real 
world does not (only) consist of 2D parcels; 
constructions are illogically divided into parts that 
match with the surface parcels; 
it is needed to store the information of objects with 
every parcel that intersects with the object (e.g. a cable 
for which restrictions need to be registered under 
several parcels): this leads to redundant information 
which is a potential source of inconsistency. 
Management of space under and above the surface will be 
improved when relevant information on real-world objects 
(location, function, geometry) is maintained and can be 
visualised. Besides, a (digital) geographical 3D representation of 
the situation when needed would facilitate the exchange and 
supply of valuable information on the factual situation and a 
better maintainable archive. 
It is important to look at the actual needs of the Kadaster 
concerning 3D situations. These needs depend on the tasks and 
responsibilities of the Kadaster which consist of: 
the registration of the legal status of real estate objects; 
providing information on the legal status of real estate 
objects. 
3D information is not needed in all cases (e.g. rural land). In this 
research a ‘3D cadastral system’ has been defined as a system, 
which gives more insight in the juridical and factual situation 
above and under the surface in case this is relevant with respect 
to the legal security. This insight is obtained through spatially 
defining constructions on, above and under the surface as 3D 
geo-objects in the currently used cadastral system. Whether this 
definition of real-world objects should and will lead to the juridical 
registration of these objects remains beyond the scope of this 
research. 
The approach to combine 2D and 3D data in one geo-DBMS, 
including storage and query, offers the facility to take the juridical 
relevant spatial information in the vertical dimension into account 
when the situation requires this (Stoter and Van Oosterom, 
2000). 
Besides the spatial representation of 3D geo-objects in the 
current geo-DBMS, attributes of these objects will also be 
maintained in the DBMS. The choice of having either implicit or 
explicit relationships (which have to be maintained) between the 
objects above and under the surface with the parcels on the 
surface will complete the incorporation of 3D objects in the 
current cadastral information system. 
The concept of a 3D cadastral registration system is translated 
into prototype implementations. These implementations cover 
the following aspects: 
modelling and storage of 3D geo-objects into a geo-DBMS 
based on 2D parcels (data definitions); 
collecting and preparing 3D data and inserting 
(generalising/converting) the 3D data in the (2D) geo- 
DBMS; 
querying and visualising the data (administrative, 2D, 3D 
and in combination with each other). 
The current database that is used by the Netherlands’ Kadaster 
consists of (Lemmen et al., 1998): 
a geo-database for geometric properties of parcels (and 
buildings for reference purpose) in LKI: Landmeetkundig 
Kartografisch Informatiesysteem ('Information system for 
Surveying and Mapping') 
an administrative database for legal and other 
administrative data related to parcels (AKR: Automatisering 
Kadastrale Registratie: Automated Cadastral Registration) 
Since this research focuses on technical, spatial solutions to 
map the 3D world when the situation requires this, the geo- 
DBMS will be used as starting point. 
3. THE CONCEPT OF A GEO-DBMS 
3. 1 An integrated architecture: the geo-DBMS

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