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The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics

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Bibliographic data

fullscreen: The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics

Monograph

Persistent identifier:
856566209
Author:
Chen, Jun
Title:
The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics
Sub title:
May 23 - 25, 2001, Bangkok, Thailand
Scope:
VI, 434 Seiten
Year of publication:
2001
Place of publication:
Pathumthani, Thailand
Publisher of the original:
AIT
Identifier (digital):
856566209
Illustration:
Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
Language:
English
Usage licence:
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Publisher of the digital copy:
Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover
Place of publication of the digital copy:
Hannover
Year of publication of the original:
2016
Document type:
Monograph
Collection:
Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:
INCORPORATING 3D GEO-OBJECTS INTO AN EXISTING 2D GEO-DATABASE: AN EFFICIENT USE OF GEO-DATA. Jantien STOTER, Peter VAN OOSTEROM
Document type:
Monograph
Structure type:
Chapter

Contents

Table of contents

  • The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics
  • Cover
  • ColorChart
  • Title page
  • PREFACE
  • Conference Venue
  • CONTENTS
  • DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS AND AUTOMATIC GENERALIZATION OF URBAN BUILDING CLUSTER. Tinghua AI
  • GENERALIZATION FOR 3D GIS. Fengwen BAI, Xiaoyong CHEN
  • USING IKONOS HIGH RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR LAND USE CLASSIFICATION IN CHINA. Georg BARETH
  • LARGE SCALE GIS FOR A SUBURBAN TOWNSHIP OF BEIJING TO MODEL STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE ON FIELD LEVEL. Georg BARETH, Si JIN, Tailai YAN and Reiner DOLUSCHITZ
  • THREE LEVEL HIERARCHICAL QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTIONS FOR DIRECTIONS OF SPATIAL OBJECTS. Han CAO, Jun CHEN, Daosheng Du
  • THE APPLICATION OF CENTROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS TO THE STUDY OF THE INTRA-URBAN MIGRATORY PHENOMENON IN THE GREATER MONCTON AREA IN CANADA, 1981-1996. Huhua CAO
  • PER-FIELD CLASSIFICATION INTEGRATING VERY FINE SPATIAL RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY WITH TOPOGRAPHIC DATA. Mauro CAPRIOLI, Eufemia TARANTINO
  • INTEGRATION OF GIS WITH PESTICIDES LOSSES RUNOFF MODEL. Bing CHEN, Gordon HUANG, Jonathan LI, Yueren LI, and Yifan LI
  • RESEARCH ON 3D CITY VISUALIZATION BASED ON INTERNET. Jing CHEN, Qingquan Ll, Jianya GONG, Bisheng YANG
  • DYNAMIC AND MULTI-DIMENSIONAL GIS: AN OVERVIEW. Jun CHEN, Zhilin LI, Jie JIANG
  • A GIS-SUPPORTED ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR PETROLEUM WASTE CONTAMINATED SITE. Su Chen, Gordon Huang, and Jonathan Li
  • MEASURING UNCERTAINTY IN SPATIAL FEATURES IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM. Chui Kwan CHEUNG and Wenzhong SHI
  • SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH OF LARGE CITY BASED ON GIS SPATIAL ANALYSIS. Anrong DANG, Qizhi MAO, Xiaodong WANG
  • DIGITAL CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY: A POTENTIAL TOOL FOR LAND FEATURE PRESENTATION. Gang DENG
  • 3D SPATIAL OBJECTS MODELING AND VISUALIZATION BASED ON LASER LANGE DATA. Jie DU, Apisit EIUMNOH, Xiaoyang CHEN, Michiro KUSANAGI
  • 3D REPRESENTATION AND SIMULATION OF MINING SUBSIDING LAND BASED ON GIS, DPS AND GPS. Peijun DU, Dazhi GUO and Qihao WENG
  • USE DSM/DTM TO SUPPORT CHANGE DETECTION OF BUILDING IN URBAN AREA. Hong FAN, Jianqing ZHANG, Zuxun ZHANG, Zhifang LIU
  • ENHANCE MANAGEMENT LEVEL OF URBAN WATER SUPPLY DEPARTMENT WITH 3S TECHNOLOGY. Yewen FAN and Wei WANG
  • AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION OF SATELLITE IMAGE TO MAP. Kensaku FUJII
  • DIFFERENTIAL SATELLITE POSITIONING OVER INTERNET. Ying. GAO and Zhi. LIU
  • FEDERATED SPATIAL DATABASES AND INTEROPERABILITY. Jianya GONG, Yandong WANG
  • OPTIMIZING PATH FINDING IN VEHICLE NAVIGATION CONSIDERING TURN PENALTIES AND PROHIBITIONS. Gang HAN, Jie JANG, Jun CHEN
  • DEVELOPMENT OF DYNAMIC MANAGEMENT SPATIAL-TEMPORAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AND APPLICATION FOR CENSUS DATA- TOWARD ASIAN SPATIAL TEMPORAL GIS (ST-GIS) (2)-. Michinori HATAYAMA, Shigeru KAKUMOTO, Hiroyuki KAMEDA
  • MODELING LAND USE EFFECT ON URBAN STORM RUNOFF AT THE WATERSHED SCALE. Chansheng HE
  • EXTRACTION OF THE SEA OIL INFORMATION FROM TM AND AVHRR IMAGE BY THE METHOD OF FEATURE DATA LINE -WINDOW. Fengrong HUANG
  • THE APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY SET TO CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTELY SENSED IMAGERY. Dongmin HUO, Jingxiong ZHANG, Jiabing SUN
  • A SELF-ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM OF AUTOMATIC INTERIOR ORIENTATION FOR METRIC IMAGES. Wanshou JIANG, Guo ZHANG, Deren LI
  • DETECTION OF SHEER CHANGES IN AERIAL PHOTO IMAGES USING AN ADAPTIVE NONLINEAR MAPPING. Yukio KOSUGI, Munenori FUKUNISHI, Mitsuteru SAKAMATO, Wei LU and Takeshi DOIHARA
  • EFFECTIVENESS OF MENU-DRIVEN VS. SCRIPT-BASED GIS TUTORIAL SYSTEMS. Bin LI
  • BUILDING OF B/S-BASED OBJECT ORIENTED ELECTRONIC CHART DATABASE. Guangru LI, Shaopeng SUN, Depeng ZHAO
  • MINE GIS 3D DATA MODEL AND SOME THINKING. Q. Y. LI, D. Y. CAO, X. D. ZHU
  • THE RESEARCH OF THE INFINITELY VARIABLE MAP SCALE IN GIS. Yifan LI, Shaopeng SUN
  • RESEARCH ON INFORMATION AUTOMATIC GENERALIZATION WITH VARYING MAP SCALE. Yuanhui LI, Dan LIU, Yifan LI
  • QUANTITATIVE MEASURES FOR SPATIAL INFORMATION OF MAPS. Zhilin LI and Peizhi HUANG
  • AN ALGEBRA FOR SPATIAL RELATIONS. Zhilin LI, Renliang ZHAO and Jun CHEN
  • A STUDY ON THE EXTRACTION OF DEM FROM SINGLE SAR IMAGE. Mingsheng LIAO, Jie YANG, Hui LIN
  • A GIS-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE ERHAI LAKE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT. Lei LIU, Gordon HUANG, and Jonathan LI
  • APPLICATION OF 4D AND ASSOCIATED ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR URBAN DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM. Rong LIU, Penggen CHENG, Zhuguo XING, Kaiyun LU
  • 3D RECONSTRUCTION OF A BUILDING FROM SINGLE IMAGE. Yawen LIU, Zuxun ZHANG, Jianqing ZHANG
  • AN INTELLIGENT GIS SEARCH ENGINE TO RETRIEVE INFORMATION FROM INTERNET. Zhe LIU, Yong GAO
  • AN ENHANCED TIN GENERATION METHOD FOR USING CONTOUR LINE AS CONSTRAINS. Wei LU, Takeshi DOIHARA
  • NON-LINEAR RECTIFICATION OF MAP WITH COLLINEAR CONSTRAIN. Wei LU, Takeshi DOIHARA
  • A STUDY ON VEHICLE POINT CORRECTING ALGORITHM IN GPS/AVL SYSTEMS. HongShan NIU, Jie XU, Hong LI
  • A SPATIO-TEMPORAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM BASED ON IMPLICIT TOPOLOGY DESCRIPTION: STIMS. Yutaka OHSAWA, Atushi NAGASHIMA
  • APPLICATION OF VRML IN A DYNAMIC AND MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL HARBOR. Mingyang PAN, Yifan LI, Depeng ZHAO
  • A COMMON DATA MODEL AND REQUESTING LANGUAGE FOR SPATIAL INFORMATION MARKETPLACES. Matthew Y. C. PANG, Wenzhong SHI, Geoffrey SHEA
  • TOPOLOGIC DATA STRUCTURE FOR A 3D GIS. Mattias Pfund
  • AUTOMATIC RECOGNITION AND LOCATION OF ROAD SIGNS FROM TERRESTERIAL COLOR IMAGERY. Sompoch PUNTAVUNGKOUR, Xiaoyang CHEN, Michiro KUSANAGI
  • A NEW STEREO MATCHING APPROACH USING EDGES AND NONLINEAR MATCHING PROCESS OBJECTED FOR URBAN AREA. Mitsuteru SAKAMOTO, Wei LU, Pingtao WANG
  • MINING SEQUENTIAL PATTERN FROM GEOSPATIAL DATA. Yin SHAN
  • THE ADVANCED GIS AND GPS TECHNOLOGIES TO BE USED IN THE LANCHANG BASIN AREA OF YUNNAN PROVINCE OF CHINA. Kun SHI
  • PRIMARY SPATIAL CHANGES. Hong SHU, Christopher GOLD and Jun CHEN
  • INCORPORATING 3D GEO-OBJECTS INTO AN EXISTING 2D GEO-DATABASE: AN EFFICIENT USE OF GEO-DATA. Jantien STOTER, Peter VAN OOSTEROM
  • A FRAMEWORK FOR AUTOMATED CHANGE DETECTION SYSTEM. Haigang SUI, Deren LI, Jianya GONG
  • BUILDING DISTRIBUTED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR OCEAN TRANSPORTATION (GIS-OT). Shaopeng SUN, Guangru LI, Depeng ZHAO
  • COMPUTATION OF ACCURACY ASSESSMENT IN THE INTEGRATION OF PHOTOGRAPH AND LASER DATA. Taravudh TIPDECHO & Xiaoyong CHEN
  • PROXIMITY AND ACCESSIBILITY TO SUITABLE JOBS AMONG WORKERS OF VARIOUS WAGE GROUPS. Fahui WANG
  • WEB MAPPING WITH GEOGRAPHY MARKUP LANGUAGE. Xingling WANG, Chongjun YANG, Donglin LIU
  • INTEGRATION OF COMPACTNESS MEASUREMENT METHODS USING FUZZY MULTICRITERIA DECISION MAKING : A NEW APPROACH FOR COMPACTNESS MEASUREMENT IN SHAPE BASED REDISTRICTING ALGORITHM. Yinchai WANG
  • GIS-BASED SYSTEM FOR RAINFALL ESTIMATION USING RAINGAUGE DATA: A PROTOTYPE. Yinchai WANG, Teck Kiong SIEW
  • A NEW APPROACH FOR DISTRIBUTED GIS. Yuxiang WANG, Chongjun YANG, Donglin LIU
  • GEOD2D: A FLEXIBLE SOLUTION FOR GIS DATA EXCHANGE BASED ON COM. Huayi WU, Xinyan ZHU
  • GEOLOGICAL DATA ORGANIZATION FOR FEM BASED ON 3D GEOSCIENCE MODELING. Lixin WU, Enke HOU, Chunan TANG
  • DIGITAL MODEL AND GPS BASED PATH REPRESENTATION AND OPTIMIZATION. Linyuan XIA
  • AN COMPOSITE TEMPORAL DATA MODEL IN CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM. Changsheng XUE, Qingquan LI, and Bisheng YANG, Yuanchun HUA, Shiwu XU
  • A SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DATA MODEL FOR MOVING AREA PHENOMENA. Shanzhen Yl, Yong ZHONG, Lizhu ZHOU, Jun CHEN, Qilun LIU
  • CONSTRUCTION OF 3D MODELS FOR ELEVATED OBJECTS IN URBAN AREAS USING AIRBORNE SAR POLARIMETRIC DATA. Yalkun YUSUF, Masashl MATSUOKA, Fumio YAMAZAKI, Seiho URATSUKA, Tatsuharu KOBAYASHI, Makoto SATAKE
  • COASTAL GIS: FUNCTIONALITY VERSUS APPLICATIONS. Thomas Q ZENG, Qiming ZHOU, Peter COWELL and Haijun HUANG
  • CIS AIDED CHARACTERIZATION OF SOIL AND GROUNDWATER ARSENIC CONTAMINATION IN SOUTHERN THAILAND. Jianjun ZHANG, Xiaoyong CHEN, Preeda PARKPIAN, Monthip Sriratana TABUCANON, Janewit WONGSANOON, Kensuke FUKUSHI, Skorn MONGKOLSUK and N.C.THANH
  • MULTIRESOLUTION TERRIAN MODEL. Jin ZHANG
  • A TROUS WAVELET DECOMPOSITION APPLIED TO DETECTING IMAGE EDGE. Xiaodong ZHANG, Deren LI
  • RESEARCH OF THE LAND MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM BASED ON WEB GIS AND SPATIAL DATABASES FOR PROVINCIAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN CHINA. Junsan ZHAO, Yaolong ZHAO, Qiaogui ZHAO and Tao WEI
  • ANALYSING BRANCH BANK CLOSURES USING GIS AND THE SMART MODEL. Lihua ZHAO, Barry J. GARMER
  • QTM-BASED ALGORITHM FOR THE GENERATING OF VORONOI DIAGRAM FOR SPHERICAL OBJECTS. Xuesheng ZHAO, Jun CHEN
  • MODELING AND LANDSCAPE OF HIGHWAY CAD. Jiaqing ZHENG, Xi’an ZHAO, Chujiang CHEN
  • ASSISTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE FOR PREDICTIVE MAPPING USING A FUZZY C-MEANS CLASSIFICATION. A-Xing ZHU, Edward ENGLISH
  • THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CYBERCITY GIS (CCGIS). Qing ZHU, Deren LI, Yeting ZHANG, Hanjiang XIONG
  • 3D COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ANCIENT CHINESE TIMBER BUILDINGS. Yixuan ZHU, Jie YANG, Deren LI
  • 3D MODELLING FOR AUGMENTED REALITY. Siyka ZLATANOVA
  • THE DESIGN OF SPATIAL DATA WAREHOUSE. Yijiang ZOU
  • AUTHOR INDEX
  • Cover

Full text

ISPRS, Vol.34, Part 2W2, “Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS", Bangkok, May 23-25, 2001 
271 
ystem: the real 
cels; 
into parts that 
of objects with 
ject (e.g. a cable 
egistered under 
dant information 
surface will be 
al-world objects 
and can be 
representation of 
2 exchange and 
situation and a 
of the Kadaster 
on the tasks and 
tate objects; 
of real estate 
.irai land). In this 
led as a system, 
factual situation 
rant with respect 
hrough spatially 
surface as 3D 
n. Whether this 
id to the juridical 
îe scope of this 
cne geo-DBMS, 
ake the juridical 
ion into account 
Van Oosterom, 
-objects in the 
s will also be 
ither implicit or 
d) between the 
parcels on the 
objects in the 
m is translated 
ntations cover 
to a geo-DBMS 
and inserting 
the (2D) geo- 
trative, 2D, 3D 
ands’ Kadaster 
parcels (and 
andmeetkundig 
system for 
and other 
Automatisering 
Registration) 
al solutions to 
this, the geo- 
geo-DBMS 
Due to the complexity of spatial features, topology and geometry 
spatial features used to be handled outside standard DBMSs 
within middleware and frontend Geographical Information 
Systems. This is not the optimal approach since this causes: 
the re-implementation of the same functionality many times; 
that other direct DBMS users might corrupt the data 
structure; 
non-optimal query plans (DBMS knows only 'half of the 
characteristics of the data); 
overhead and data transfer between DBMS and 
middleware during query execution; 
non optimal management of the data, since GISs do not 
have the extended data-management functionalities 
DBMSs have. 
The need for using a DBMS to store and manage spatial data is 
further enforced with the growing amount of (digital) spatial data, 
the growing number of users and disciplines and the growing 
complexity of geo-data. A geo-DBMS for managing geo-data 
(geometry as well as attributes) enhances the accessibility, 
security, consistency and integrity of spatial data and spatially 
linked data. 
In conclusion, general and reusable tasks should be executed 
within the DBMS, other distinct tasks has to remain to the 
specific application (Van Oosterom et al., 2000). 
Nowadays, the architecture of GISs is changing: systems are 
increasingly based on the integrated architecture, that is also 
storing geometric data (metric as well as topology) in the DBMS 
together with administrative data. The first step was to have data 
types and operators for the geometric primitives: point, line and 
polygon. This has reached the level of standardisation and is 
now implemented in several commercial DBMSs (see the next 
subsection). In case of large data sets, spatial indexing and 
clustering are also required, but outside the scope of 
standardisation. A spatial index is a structure supporting the 
spatial range queries by efficiently providing the addresses of 
the requested features. Spatial clustering makes sure that these 
addresses are physically close on disk and in this way too many 
inefficient ‘jumping’ on the disk is avoided. The subsequent step 
is also having support for the topologically structured features in 
the DBMS, that is complex features. With this the DBMS can 
check and guarantee consistency and complex operations can 
be executed within the DBMS. The support of spatial data types 
in DBMSs include: 
spatial operators (or geometry functions); 
spatial indexing; 
spatial clustering; 
topology management. 
Based on these ingredients spatial queries can be stated (and 
answered efficiently). In case a spatial query involves two tables, 
each having at least one spatial attribute, which are used in a 
spatial operator in the where-clause, then this is called a spatial 
join. 
3.2 DBMS, SQL and spatial features 
Conventional DBMSs (Oracle, IBM DB2, Informix, Ingres) have 
implemented spatial data types and spatial functions more or 
less similar to the OpenGIS Consortium (OGC) Simple Features 
Specification for SQL (OGC, 1999). 
The purpose of this specification is to define a standard SQL that 
supports storage, retrieval, query and update of simple spatial 
features. A simple feature is defined by the OpenGIS 
Implementation Specification to have both spatial and non- 
spatial attributes. Simple features are based on 2D geometry 
with linear interpolation between vertices. 
Simple spatial feature collections are conceptually stored as 
tables (layers) with geometry valued columns in a relational 
DBMS: each feature is stored as a row in a table. The spatial 
attributes of features are columns whose SQL data types are 
based on the underlying concept of additional geometric data 
types for SQL. The specification describes a standard set of 
SQL Geometry Types based on the OpenGIS Geometry Model 
(OGC, 2001), together with the SQL functions of those types. 
The base Geometry class has subclasses for Point, Curve, 
Surface and Geometry Collection. The defined geometric 
collections classes in 0, 1 and 2D are: Multipoint, MultiLineString 
and MultiPolygon for modelling geometries corresponding to 
collections of Points, LineStrings and Polygons respectively. 
MultiCurve and MultiSurface are introduced as abstract 
superclasses that generalise the collection interfaces to handle 
Curves and Surfaces. The attributes, methods and assertions for 
each geometry class are described in the specification (OGC, 
1999). 
The object model for geometry with the supported spatial data 
types is shown in Figure 3. 
Figure 3:the geometry object model defined by OGC (1999) 
An example, not strictly following the geometry model of the 
OGC, of the implementation of spatial functionality is the object- 
relational model in Oracle 8/ spatial (Oracle, 1999). A geometry 
is stored as an object, in a single row, in a column of type 
MDSYS.SDOJ3EOMETRY Supported data types, besides 
point, line string and polygon are shown in Figure 4. 
Oracle 8i offers several types of spatial indices: fixed grids, 
quadtree-like tiling and r-trees. Besides the overlap query 
functionality, that is using the operator sdo_relate, Oracle has 
three other spatial operators: 
sdo_filter (find overlap only based on bounding boxes); 
sdo_within_distance (find objects within a given distance 
from the query geometry); 
sdo_nn (find the nearest neighbours from the query 
geometry). 
Note that spatial operators need a spatial index in order to work. 
Other spatial functionality in Oracle is available through several 
interesting geometry functions (not needing a spatial index) such 
as sdo_area and sdojength (to obtain characteristics from the 
query geometries), sdo_buffer (to compute a buffer around a 
query geometry) and sdojntersection (to clip spatial data from 
the source tables with the query geometries).
	        

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Chen, Jun. The 3rd ISPRS Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS & the 10th Annual Conference of CPGIS on Geoinformatics. AIT, 2001.
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