Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 5 Non-renewable resources: Geology, geomorphology and engineering projects. Chairman: J. V. Taranik, Liaison: B. N. Koopmans

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Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Application of stereo-terrestrial photogrammetric technique to varied geoscientific investigations. N. K. Agarwal

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

554 •mmmhmhmbh Intervals of 2 in and 4 m, respecitvely. Apart from topographic details various cultural and landslide details were also mapped. These included old and fresh landslide scars, fracture lines, fissures, broken ground, houses, vegetation. The stereo-pairs were found to be highly useful for a comprehensive evaluation of the land-slides and significantly helped in a quick assessment of the slide areas. 4. DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELLING The significance of morphomertic and thematic maps in the comprehensive evaluation of the project areas, particularly those related to geo-environmen- tal aspects, hardly need any emphasis. In case of Nilgiris landslide investigation the 'Surface Area Ratio' maps of the two areas were prepared. These established a strong correlation between the slope parameters and the incidence of landslides and thereby helped in identifying safe and hazardous areas. Further, erosion, geomorphological and exist ing landuse maps of the areas were also prepared. Integration of the morphometric and the thematic maps led to a comprehensive evaluation of the areas (Agarwal & Sharma 1982). Morphometric mapping requires topographic data in a digital form at desired intervals, depending upon the accuracy requirements and the surface irregularities of the terrain. Computer assisted analytical stereo-plotters in fact record the topo graphic data in a digital form. Also, they hold great promise in simultaneously recording the the matic data in a coded form, as well. Thus if an analytical stereo-plotter is used in place of an analogue stereo-plotter then apart from topographic base maps, morphometric and thematic maps can also be produced simultaneously, either independently or in combination. DISCUSSIONS Though the science of photogrammetry owes its origin to the terrestrial photogrammetry, it was soon overtaken by aerial photogrammetry due to its obvi ous advantages in quickly covering larger areas. However, terrestrial photogrammetry maintained its relevance and advantages in certain disciplines like glacier mapping, and surveys of steep inacce ssible or remote areas. In snow mapping the signifi cant advantages of the technique has clearly been demonstrated by Blyth et.al. (1974). Inspite of the increased applications of terres trial photogrammetry, particularly in Architectu ral engineering and various other fields, its appli cation potential in geo-scientific investigations has not yet been fully exploited. In this context the case histories cited, amply demonstrate the potential and advantages of this technique, in geo-scientific studies. On account of the numerous advantages of this technique over conventional survey, the latter appears obsolete in comparison. The technique holds great merit in monitoring dyna mic features, as repeat photography can easily be carried out from fixed camera stations, at desi red time invervals. While preparing maps by this technique on stereo - plotters the ratio between the model scale to the map scale is so selected that the maps prepared have a plan accuracy of 0.5 mm on the map scale, and the height accuracy lies within a quarter of the contour interval. This is as per the accuracy limits followed by the Survey of India (Agarwal 1974:78). Thus, if features to be monitored show variations larger than 1 mm on plan scale, these can be resolved through comnparison of different maps. In case monitoring of smaller variations is required then either an analytical or semi-analy tical approach (Marzan & Karara 1976) is to be applied. An analytical stereo-plotter, unlike an analogue one, has no constraints of photographic parameters, and hence it is more versatile, besides being more accurate too. Another aspect where it has signifi cant advantage over analogue stereo-plotter is in digital terrain modelling which holds great promise for simultaneous topographical, morphometric and thematic mapping. However, it is much more sophisticated, costly and would involve the inter action with experts for its operation. Accounting various aspects, Marzan & Karara (1976) have opined that if the maps produced by analogue stereo-plotter meet the accuracy requirements for a particular work, then the anologue method is the simplest, most straightforward and perhaps the cheapest method to employ. It may be summarised that the technique of terres trial photogrammetry is unique for preparation of large scale topographic and thematic maps, for a comprehensive evaluation of the project areas in the shortest possible time. Simultaneous photo interpretation, field checks and ground truth data collection considerably expedites the work. However, it would be relevant to mention that the suitability of the technique for a given area largely depends upon the availability of suitable locations from where stereo-photographic coverage of the area could be obtained. REFERENCES Agarwal, G.C. 1974. Photogrammetric surveys, their planning and costing, Tech. Public No.7401, Survey of India, Hyderabad. Agarwal N.K. 1985. Mapping of inaccessible escarp ment slope of left abutment of Supa Dam, Karna taka, utilizing stereo-terrestrial photogramme try, Jr. of Engineering Geology Vol.XIV, Nos. 1 & 2, ISEG. Agarwal, N.K. & Srivastava, G.S. 1982. Geomorpho logy and Environment of Coconut Island, South Kanara distt., Karnataka, Proc. Symposium on Resources surveys for Landuse planning and Envi ronmental Conservation, ISPI & RS, Dehradun, India. Agarwal, N.K & Sharma. R.P. 1982. Terrestrial photogrammetric evaluation of slide areas, Nil giris dist., Tamil Nadu, Proc. 4th International Congress, IAEG, India, Vol. III. Blyth, K. Cooper, M.A.R., Lindsey, N.E. Painter, R.B. 1974. Snow depth measurements with terres trial photos. Photogrammetric Engineering, Vol. XL, No.8. Marzan, G.T. & Karara, M.M. 1976. Rational design for close range photogrammetry, photogrammetry series No. 43, Deptt. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61891. Manual of Photogrammetry 1980, Fourth Ed. Am. Society of Photogrammetry, Falls Church, U.S.A. Sympi Regie in the Sima B New Jerst Ralph \ University ABSTRACT ments. The prese between lineament regional analysis earthqual 1. INTROE Landsat studies. extended bodies, fracture utilizat geologic Mountains used here as follow Lineam referr linear aligne relati patt ref 1< The stU' the Alb The re consist MesozoL The pr delineate image pro orientat’ structura between mineral The data digital November relative continuou characte interpre map and from the compared mapped minerals between

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