Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 7 Human settlements: Urban surveys, human settlement analysis and archaeology. Chairman: W. G. Collins, Co-chairman: B. C. Forster, Liaison: P. Hofstee

Write comment:: Wegen zu enger Bindung kommt es teilweise im Original zu Textverlust.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: The Nigerian urban environment: Aerial photographic inventory and mapping of land use characteristics. Isi A. Ikhuoria

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

823 Symposium on Remote Sensing for Resources Development and Environmental Management / Enschede / August 1986 iller, D.J.Stanl 83. Spatial nsed imagery a note Sensing. tion of urban dsat data using 1st Coll. on jects in remote Sept 8-11. p. rooming urban ith the new e sensors. . 1:889-896. y of TM sensor surface mine Remotely Sensed rownshend, J.E. The use of TM .scrimination, the UK SATMaP t 4 Sci. Results, NASA. ribution of the West Midlands st.Brit.Cart. The Nigerian urban environment: Aerial photographic inventory and mapping of land use characteristics Isi A.Ikhuoria Department of Geography & Regional Planning, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria ABSTRACT: The Nigerian urban environment has experienced three great periods of development: pre-colonial, and colonial, and post-colonial. Each stage gave rise to a special type of urban land-use (or city) that reflects its experience. These developments which are the results of traditional and modern development mechanisms have remained largely uncontrolled, unmonitored and unmapped. Consequently, the management and mapping of urban land resources is, seemingly, not in tune with the needs of current and future generations on the one hand, while the haphazard developments have posed intractable problems for planning on the other. In this paper, a practi cal application of aerial photographic remote sensing in inventorying and mapping land-use characteristics in three Nigerian urban centres, Lagos, Benin City and Warri is made. The result wholly provides the necessary land-use information and maps for planning and indepth analysis. It shows more glaringly the unequal impact of our development efforts from pre-colonial period to date. Especially relevant is that the research illustrates the effectiveness of aerial photographic remote sensing in providing the data needed to meet urban land resou rces and management constraints in developing countries. .S.Shen 1984. A m to reduce the id increase the isses . Pattern 8 4. Improved scale urban mulator data. -770. [. Derelict Land, 32 . An initial data for the ;ural, Forested rs . NASA Repor- j 3. 50pp. ial analysis of classification d wetland and Lands at 4 r J. ed) 1983. i Applications. 5499 TM 85499. 3: 129-132. land in South • July, 1966. ods for TM data oc.of Remotely L43 . Cartographic TM Image data. 82. Integration sly sensed and c Information ecora Symp. 1 INTRODUCTION Within the past half a century, most Nigerian urban environments have experienced three great periods of tremendous developments: pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial. Each stage gave rise to a special type of urban land use which reflects the cities 1 experi ences. These developments manifested by intensive land use activities, population concentrations and environmental changes, which are due to both tradit ional and modern development mechanisms have largely remained uncontrolled, unmonitored and unmapped. Con sequently, they have posed intractable problems for urban environmental planning and management. For example, Sada (1980) pointed out the existence and the need to arrest and improve decarying Nigerian rural and urban environments and: Mabogunje (1986), noted that "it is clear that our cities are the pla ces where environmental stress... has achieved the greatest salience in recent times." The situation is compounded by the lack of up-to- date thematic maps, land use and population data for effective control. Perhaps, the cause is the inadequ acy of current traditional methods of urban survey (that is, field enumeration and questionnaires) which do not incorporate practical application of better procedures of determining urban growth, land use, po pulation concentration and urban environmental quality changes. Thus a development of better ways to merge information acquired by non-conventional methods, for example, airborne and satellite remote sensing with existing data need to be explored. Indeed, having been afflicted with such environmen tal stress as urban blight (Ikhuoria, 1986) , urban rejuvenation which process poses intractable problems for planning (Sada, 1975), rapid population concentr ation and high rate of migration (Sada, 1984) and, land use and environmental dereliction (Omuta, 1985) , Nigeria is now in a position to, and should, appreci ate the need for adopting all necessary measures to monitor and register through mapping these urban spa tial structures and environmental changes. Such meas ures must be accurate, reliable, timely, cost-effec tive and availaole as and when required. Remote sens ing, particularly aerial photography is, in the third world context, ideal for mapping urban environments. Thus the specific objective of this paper is to iden tify and map the land use characteristics in Lagos Island, Benin City, and Warri; (Fig. 1) as well as seek theoretical explanations of their internal patterns. 2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Firstly, in acquiring data for urban land use analy sis , the level of aggregation or resolution and des- crimination strongly influences the quality of the conclusions which may be drawn. These concepts, so familiar to users of land use and census statistic are equally important in photo interpretation. Thus the four dimensions of resolution which include space, categories, intensity and time which were hitherto acquired by conventional field records of situational, personal and socio-economic indicators of urban struc tures have their parallels in remote sensing. These are spatial, spectral, radiometric and temporal reso lutions (Lintz and Simonett, 1976). Also, the concept of discrimination embodies three levels of assessment in remote sensing: detection, identification and ana lysis. Contained within these notions of discrimina tion are the probabilities of correct detection, iden tification and analysis. These probabilities vary from area to area and application to application. Urban planners and geographers, as a general rule, require information at the first two levels of detection and identification (Lintz and Simonett, 1976). And, for urban land use application, the acceptable probabili ty of correct identification is 85% (Anderson et al, 1976). Secondly, the explanation of the urban organization of any society is a function of the socio-economic activities of man (Sule, 1982) which consequently create some spatial patterns. A land mark in urban land use theory was Burges (1923) concentric zonal theory which says that urban land use is patterned in a number of concentric zones. A second theory (Hoyt, 1939), asserted that urban growth occurs in sectors along major traffic arteries. Thirdly, (Ulman, 1945) developed the multiple nucli model in which a city is shaped from a number of focal points where land uses of a similar type are concentrated. In the African context, Akin Mabogunje (1968) pro vided the Twin-centre concept in which he asserted that Nigerian cities grow from an amalgamation of two different urban processes (the traditional centre and the colonial centre) each of which has its centre of intense activity.

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