Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 7 Human settlements: Urban surveys, human settlement analysis and archaeology. Chairman: W. G. Collins, Co-chairman: B. C. Forster, Liaison: P. Hofstee

Write comment:: Wegen zu enger Bindung kommt es teilweise im Original zu Textverlust.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Remote sensing in archaeological application in Thailand. T. Supajanya

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Symposium on Remote Sensing for Resources Development and Environmental Management / Enschede / August 1986 869 Remote sensing in archaeological application in Thailand T.Supajanya Geology Department, Science Faculty, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand ABSTRACT : Remote sensing particulary aerial photograph is a powerful tool in archaeological application. Thailand has taken this benefit to survey and map man-made features which are evidences of ancient settlement such as moat and bar ai. Other man-made structures in the past such as; canal, road, rampart, water reser voir and etc are also mapped and recorded. The total 1,300 sites of ancient settlements which have evidences manifested on aerial photograph are discovered. Locality maps and aerial photographs of each ancient settlement are prepared for an inventory which is now benefits for national management of cultural resources, and is a paramount uses for historical and archaeological researches and conservation planning. Informations achieved from photo-interpretation of each ancient site are made possible to be recorded basing on GIS with an aid of computer system. Selected examples of remote sensing approaches in archaeological in Thailand are described and demonstrated. 1 INTRODUCTION Archaeological approaches of remote sensing practice currently, can be described as a technique using remote sensing in an area of the landscape that shows evidence of past human activity; a portion of the environment used by people (Knudson 1978). Appropriate aerial photograph and other remote sensing are used as a tool in surveying, measuring, and recording of man-made features, which are moat, rampart, canal, road, water reservoir and etc. This has been proved in many parts of the world and leads to the success in management of cultural resources for both conservation and research. Thailand is situated in Southeast Asian region. The northern part is on the Asian mainland while the southern part stretches, as a narrow strip, down the Maley Peninsular facing to the Pacific Ocean on the east, and the Indian Ocean on the west. The territory is approximated about 513,000 square kilometer, and has been proved by several archaeological expeditions to be occupied by human in long time back to early prehistoric period, and being rich in archaeological evidences on ground (Charoenwongsa, 1983). First moated archaeological site to be recognized on aerial photograph was honoured to The Royal Thai Air Force back to 1922 by Seidenfaden (1950). Uses of aerial photograph in archaeology in Thailand became known to public after the publishing of William-Hunt's articles "An introduction to the study of archaeology from the air", where ancient sites in Thailand were demonstrated (William-Hunt, 1949), and "Irregular earthworks in Eastern Siam: An air survey" (William-Hunt 1950). Unfortunately that, the set of aerial photographs used have never been available in Thailand. By personal communication with E.H.Moore, who is now working on Ph.D. Thesis for the Institute of Archaeology London, basing on these aerial photograph indicated that, these aerial photographs have had been left untouched in a store room of Pitt Rivers Museum, since the passing away of William Hunt in 1953. Since 1953, whole Thailand have been covered by aerial photographs of the scale 1:50,000 and later by 1:1 5,000 and are available to govermental agencies and researchers. They are used for discovering of ancient sites and suggested for working in Town plan ning (Hinchiranan, 1964). In 1972, the author's artical on "The need for an inventory of ancient sites for anthropological research in northern Thailand" (Supajanya, and Vallibhotama, 1972) was published by basing on the author's collection of aerial photographs manifesting moated ancient settlements, they are discovered during his works on teaching and research since 1964 after his post- graduated from I.T.C., the Netherlands. The total of 500 moated sites were discovered in Thailand and 300 sites are situated in northeastern Thailand at that time. However, there were no response to that articles untill the Toyota Foundation, Japan, has supported his projects on "The inventory of ancient settlements in Thailand on aerial photographs" (1982-1984) and "Data base on ancient settlements in Thailand: preparation and establishing of the data centre" (1984-1986). Recently, archaeological information achieved under these projects are being used through nation wide, and benefits in academic, conservation and development purposes. 2 AN INVENTORY OF ANCIENT SETTLEMENTS IN THAILAND ON AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH 2.1 Ancient settlements on aerial photograph Ancient settlements are recognized on aerial photograph through evidences such as; moat and water reservoir which are the most simplest form to be seen on imagery (figure 1). And they are probably the last evidences to be seen on the ground, particulary when other constructions are made of wood. A medium scale of aerial photograph approximately 1:50,000 is found sufficient for site selecting. Selected sites then are studied under stereoscope, and larger scale aerial photograph of 1:15,000 is used to confirmed the foregoing interpretation. Through this method, most of ancient settlements having moat and barai (big pond) can be discovered. The total of approximately 2,000 were selected from aerial photographs of the scale 1:50,000 and about 1 ,300 sites are approved by using aerial photograph of the scale 1:15,000. Accordingly, several small ancients sites cannot be detected, and need to be surveyed by using larger scale of aerial photograph; Co-ordinate of the centre of each ancient site is recorded and refered to map sheet. UTM coordinate is use as a code for that particular sites.

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