Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 5 Non-renewable resources: Geology, geomorphology and engineering projects. Chairman: J. V. Taranik, Liaison: B. N. Koopmans

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Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Application of remote sensing in the field of experimental tectonics. J. Dehandschutter

Document type:: Multivolume work

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590 Mwembeshi dislocation zone, De Swardt et al. 1965, on the one hand imposes a NE azimuth to the rift axis, the Ubende chain, on the other, deturns the axis to wards the NW) and lots of downfaulted areas as Lake Mweru (eastern couple) and its southern extension in the Luapula River (western couple). Surprisingly similar pictures arise from the analy sis of the northern Andes (Colombia, fig. 2b). The Magdalena River flows from the south to the north linking a string of true grabens, half-grabens and faulted synclines, each segment of which in turn is limited by ENE and/or SE lineaments and faults. The Magdalena rifts have another particular characteristic in common : the individual segments are disposed in typical en-échelon fashion and some of the individual échelons are linked by tails protruding as either ENE or SE lineaments. The latter features are easily recognised in Central Africa too (fig. 2a) : the geometry and shape of Lake Mweru Wantipa is one of a sigmoid rhomb, the main body of which strikes NE. The northern and southern tails extend as ENE lineaments. This eastern couple of lineamental directions is repeated in downfaulted (?) swampy areas (Luwala and Bwela swamps). Quartz dykes, tens of kms long, have the same re lationships to the confining ENE and SE lineaments as the NNE and NNW Phanerozoic rifts have (fig. 2a). The absence of regional compression in that part of northern Zambia (Mporokoso village) rules out a com pressive stress field-related origin of the dykes. They are here interpreted as the products of dilatan- cy (Jaeger & Cook 1976) on the megascopic scale rela ted to the formation of tensional joints and linea ments parallel to the axis of maximum horizontal stress. 11. Chimbwe Figure 2a. Central Africa : schematical representation of spatial relationship between basic rhomb and ver tical tectonic elements. The examples suggest that rifts and vertical faults are linked to transverse lineaments. They are there fore easily recognisable on satellite imagery. The similarities in the geometry of all mentioned struc tures chosen in geologically (cratonic against mobile belt) different terrains are interpreted as a hint helping to understand some genetic aspects they have in common. Pull-apart basins Crust that is subject to an overall compressive stress field is amenable to local stretching and extension in the zones between the overlapping strike-slip master faults (Crowell 1974). These processes lead towards S- and Z-shaped rhombic pull-apart basins (Mann et al. 1983). Figure 2b. En-échelon disposition segments Magdalena River, Colombia. Figure 3 shows the photogeological interpretation of the Pre-Cambrian Chimbwe synform or S-structure, northern Zambia (see fig. 2a for localisation). The S-structure is found in a corner between major ENE (Kibara) and SE (Ubende) lineaments. The structure is interpreted as the outcome of the synsedimentary process of transform of slip-motion from one slip line towards another. The southern half is composed of the synform or depocentre proper and is formed and deformed by left-lateral slip along ENE lineaments. The group of SE lineaments may represent crustal dis continuities or faults that accomodated the extension. The northern half, of less evident morphology than the southern one, has a weak Z-shape and was, in the pre sent interpretation, pulled apart by dextral slip on the SE lineaments. It is remarkable again that images obtained over the northern Andes, give evidence of the same funda mental geometric relationships between synforms and lineaments. Here the sediments are of Oligo-Pliocene age. It is obvious from figure 4 that the southern depocentres are controlled by an eastern couple of lineaments, the northern synforme strike to the NNW, their axes being influenced by strong NW-SE trans verse lineaments (western pair). We may interprete the origin of these sigmoid structures in the same way we did for their African Precambrian counter parts. Other processes may however be invoked in ex plaining the origin of the depocentres. Another con ceivable scenario, e.g., is represented in fig. 5b which illustrates the genesis of synforms comparable to the one under discussion. It can even be argued that the sigmoid shape is the result of compressive dextral simple -shear on the ENE lineaments after deposition of the sediments. This variety of possi bilities requires a variety of slip-senses on the ENE and SE lineamnets. The paramount observation however, i.e. manifest strike-slip strain, cannot seriously be challenged. The region of concern is N Î o 6 t Figure 3. Chimbwe-s ated by s faults. limi * Chicamocha Figure 4. Chicamochs forms are geometries limited tc where rece to fig. 4) 2.2 Struct Figure 5a tion and p of the are chaotic iir two almost not equall to well de ments in w Ion around beds are m over the 1 matically linear upl narrow and the anticl by them, i

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