Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

damen, m. c. j.

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856342815

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856342815

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Volume 1-3 erschienen von 1986-1988

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856641294

Title:: Remote sensing for resources development and environmental management

Sub title:: proceedings of the 7th international Symposium, Enschede, 25 - 29 August 1986

Scope:: IX Seiten, Seiten 551-956

Year of publication:: 1986

Place of publication:: Rotterdam; Boston

Publisher of the original:: A,. A. Balkema

Identifier (digital):: 856641294

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(26,7,2)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Damen, M. C. J.

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: 5 Non-renewable resources: Geology, geomorphology and engineering projects. Chairman: J. V. Taranik, Liaison: B. N. Koopmans

Write comment:: Wegen zu enger Bindung kommt es teilweise im Original zu Textverlust.

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Application of remote sensing in the field of experimental tectonics. J. Dehandschutter

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

all that factors tribution and e elements of the at a prime factor ae resulting fi- rsecting groups 3 discontinuities astants of the a higher or lower plate's interior. ;ak discontinui- triangular plate a two perpendi- ating a possible 3. The lineaments were filled with Lty of which is in the interior sis was seconded (fig. 7). ae on the trian- conditions. It :ed field which le homogeneous :he blocks se- of influence :h the expected apression (pri- rallelism with relatively stiff riff blocks have The degree to are deflected :en the block i in a triangle Is of influence :s in homogeneous : axes of maximum i lineaments = l; reflected tra- ompression, ks / 2. ie weak linea- . The axes of nside the zones :nd of the line- .on correspon- with the res- dence of the Figure 7. Elastic stress fields in a discontinuous body. A. Photoelastic analysis, only the axes of maximum compression are shown. trajectories entering the lineaments is determinative with respect to the consequences of the refraction : the axis of minimum compression of normally indicent trajectories is always parallel to the weak zone, in side as well as outside of it, and the trajectory may cross the weak zone freely. Diminishing the thickness of the lineaments as com pared to the fixed thickness of the blocks, greatly enhances the deviatoric field in the former (fig. 6d). Finally do isotropic points of zero deviatoric stress which are loci of sudden changes in the direc tions of the trajectories, appear in two out of the four corners of the blocks surrounded by weak discon tinuities. The exact location of the isotropic points within their corners depends on the boundary condi-' tions of the loaded plate (fig. 8). 4 DISCUSSION Accepting the possibility that lineaments are somehow related to crossing discontinuities within the elastic crust which are weaker than the more homogeneous crus tal solids and which strongly influence the trajecto- rues of the primary stress field, provides possible, though not unique, clues in understanding the fixed spatial relationship to lineaments in which many geo logical structures appear. The deviatoric field in the weak zones is always higher than the field in the block interior. The latter, with high mean stress, is often close to litho static. Small increments of stress may bring the interior of the blocks to dilatation and vertical splitting in the direction of maximum horizontal compression. These directions are visualised by stress trajectories which appear to systematically contour the blocks. The direction of spreading of the trajectories over the block depends on the position of the isotropic points within the block. Figure 8 shows that, depending on the loading conditions, trajectories and resultant brittle tensional failure may be deviated from a dia gonal position in the centre, towards a less inclined Figure 7. Elastic stress fields in a discontinuous body. B. FEM-analysis, axes of maximum and minimum compres sion. position with respect to the weak zones in the vicini ty of the latter. This result of the investigation may explain the systematicity in the directions of geolo gical structures and their relation to confining line aments as weak zones which was discussed in 2.1. It is quite clear that the above discussion is limited in time to the first phases of rift formation. True ex- tensional rifting will be accomodated by only l.Out of all possible sets of transverse structures which even tually evolved into a transform fault. The weak zones proper, here modelled as an elastic medium, might in fact conform better with true elastic- plastic bodies or contain a visco-elastic element. A strong deviatoric field in thege zones, which is ab sent from the interior of the blocks, may eventually lead to permanent strain, shortening and uplift. The compression from within the lineaments onto the rhom bic blocks finally thickens the edges of the blocks. Stresses resulting from the consequential bending of the homogeneous rhombic block will then substitute the stresses emanating from the boundary forces. The block .interior fails by vertical rupturing or is bent into

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