Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856665355

Title:: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

Sub title:: techniques and impacts ; September 17 - 21, 1990, Victoria Conference Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Year of publication:: 1990

Place of publication:: Victoria, BC

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 856665355

Language:: English

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856669164

Title:: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

Sub title:: techniques and impacts; September 17 - 21, 1990, Victoria Conference Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Scope:: XIV, 912 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1990

Place of publication:: Victoria, BC

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 856669164

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(28,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: [WA-3 DEMOGRAPHIC AND URBAN APPLICATIONS]

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: Low-cost aerial photography and mapping for urban projects. Paul Hofstee

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Low-cost aerial photography and mapping for urban projects Paul Hofstee Department of Urban Survey and Human Settlement Analysis International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC) P.0. Box 6 7500 AA Enschede Netherlands □Os paper ISPRS Comnission VII Symposium, 17-21 Sept 1990, Victoria, B.C., Canada ABSTRACT The suitability of low-cost (small format) aerial photography as a survey tool for a number of urban planning applications in developing countries, where up-to-date information is scarce, and resources are limited, is discussed. The technique is conceived to be suited for relatively small areas, where no precision mapping is required. The photography is used as a source of thematic information, to produce approximate maps, to update maps, and to monitor developments. The paper discusses how an operational system should be geared to the information requirements of settlement improvement projects, monitoring, and mapping. Cases in Indonesia, Tanzania, and Thailand serve as references. The character of the data derived from the aerial photographs is analyzed, and its suitability for urban planners discussed. Special attention is given to small format oblique aerial photography as a do-it-yourself tool for urban planners, including some training aspects. KEY WORDS: urban planning, data needs, low cost, developing countries, thematic mapping, small format aerial photography, map specifications, monitoring 1 URBAN PLANNERS, DATA NEEDS, AND MAPS An essential element in the information needs of urban planning processes is the time- bound character of the data. The unprecedented fast and enormous growth of urban areas in developing countries requires data collection and processing procedures, which are geared to the speed and magnitude of this growth. This necessitates innovative planning approaches and new concepts of urban surveys. Due to a number of factors, including organizational structures and procedures, lack of effective planning, implementation and control systems, budget and manpower constraints, etc, urban planners in developing countries at present face a situation in which they are continually running behind the facts. A large part of the planners' work is devoted to priority tasks as slum improvement and squatter upgrading projects, infrastructure planning, and site selection for new extensions. This work is particularly sensitive to the availability of up-to-date maps of the appropiate scale and contents. But the practice in a number of countries only to order a survey when the budget for the project as a whole is approved, leaves very little time for survey operations. Therefore, quick- response survey methods are required. Another factor is the non-availability of reliable and up-to-date maps and data on population, housing, facilities, etc, in a particular area. The survey, therefore, not only has to provide maps for planning, design and implementation of improvement, upgrading, or development of project areas,but also has to provide a reliable and up-to-date planning data base. These data, in fact, are required at the earliest stages of the planning process. Maps to be used for the initial planning do not require a high standard of planimetric accuracy. Only in the later planning and implementation stages an high accuracy may be needed for construction and civil engineering purposes. This high accuracy, however, can be satisfied by field measurements of only a limited area in a later phase. Therefore, rather a reliable framework for filling in details, than a detailed map with a very high overall planimetric accuracy, is initially required. Nevertheless, it is most important that such maps (town field sheets or approximate maps) are reliably showing adequate detail for easy orientation in the field and for recording location-based data. The minimum size and choice of objects to be systematically mapped (e.g. roads, watercourses, houses, shacks, sheds, latrines, water taps, trees, etc) is very critical and decisive for the user. The relative position of objects on such a map may be considered as more important than the absolute position: detached buildings have to be shown separately on the map, but the existence of a separating space is more important than the precise, intermediate distance. Such an approach will fulfil the essential requirements in the planning phase of a project and allow fast and low-cost mapping methods. 216

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