Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 856665355

Title:: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

Sub title:: techniques and impacts ; September 17 - 21, 1990, Victoria Conference Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Year of publication:: 1990

Place of publication:: Victoria, BC

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 856665355

Language:: English

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 856669164

Title:: Proceedings of the Symposium on Global and Environmental Monitoring

Sub title:: techniques and impacts; September 17 - 21, 1990, Victoria Conference Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Scope:: XIV, 912 Seiten

Year of publication:: 1990

Place of publication:: Victoria, BC

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 856669164

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(28,7,1)

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission of Photographic and Remote Sensing Data

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: [TP-2 SPECTRAL SIGNATURES]

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Chapter

Title:: ADVANCES IN SIGNATURE MEASUREMENTS - RECENT SENSOR DEVELOPMENTS AT THE CANADA CENTRE FOR REMOTE SENSING. Susan M. Till

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

78 and image phase information. This in turn will provide relative pixel elevation which with a few ground control points will lead to digital elevation. Following the aircraft modification, airborne testing is planned for early 1991. SAR Processing In addition to the research and development of new radar sensor technology, new data processing methods are being studied, specifically phase preserving SAR processing. Using algorithms to preserve image phase (which in the past was routinely discarded during processing), software has been developed and used to process airborne SAR data and SEASAT data. The work was motivated by that of Rocca but the approach used is different. The first order processing is implemented in the two dimensional wavenumber domain and then second and higher order processing are implemented in the new range- Doppler domain. The new remote sensing technologies of interferometric SAR and polarimetric SAR, together with the advances in SAR data processing, hold great promise for significant advances in application of radar remote sensing, through improved and expanded measurements of microwave target signatures. The new modes of the CCRS airborne SAR and the imagery data acquired through the Convair-580 airborne program provide a unique target signature data set, to demonstrate the enhanced target and terrain differentiation possibilities, and to develop multi disciplinary remote sensing applications in resource and environmental monitoring. SAR Calibration The CCRS airborne SAR is one of the leading remote sensing systems available to conduct research in microwave signatures, with its ability to produce high quality data (resolution and radiometry) and images in real-time over a large swath. Calibration is an important aspect of the system, with requirements related to its radiometric, eometric and phase performance, and the need or intercomparison of data, from scenes imaged at different times or under different environmental conditions. In addition, there is the role that calibrated airborne systems can play in the calibration of future satellite radars. The calibration project for the C-/X- Band SAR has been a major activity, covering theoretical analysis, system characterization including antenna pattern measurements, fabrication of a calibration test site, and acquisition of imagery over six test areas. The airborne missions and field trials were in conjunction with projects in agriculture as well as some in hydrology, forestry and ice studies; they used a combination of active radar calibrators and corner reflectors, to aid in the calibration, and ground-based and airborne scatterometers for verifying the calibration methodology and results. These have resulted in the development of a software package for radiometric calibration of the imaqery, and the development of calibration methodology that is already being used in the multidisciplinary application projects. Further improvements are underway, specifically related to motion compensation and advances in the use of ground-based calibration targets, and are expected to lead to refinements in the radiometric corrections. The CCRS SAR has been found to be very stable, and it is hoped that this will permit eventual radiometric calibration even without the use of point targets in every scene. While the results of the airborne SAR calibration project have substantially increased the understanding of the correction requirements and hence the ability to measure microwave signatures and to interpret the airborne imagery in terms of quantitative geophysical parameters, these results will also be of importance in interpreting the imagery from the new satellite-borne radars. ELECTRO-OPTICAL SENSORS FOR SIGNATURE MEASUREMENTS At CCRS, the Multi-detector Electro-optical Imaging Sensor, MEIS II, has been operating since 1983. This is a pushbroom line-imager, with fore-aft stereo, and high spectral, spatial and radiometric resolution. It has flown well over 400 missions installed as the primary sensor in the Falcon electro-optical airborne facility, with the data being used primarily for research purposes in remote sensing (Till et al, 1986). Since 1987, the airborne facility has been operated by industry on a commercial basis, and has participated in pilot projects related to forestry survey, bathymetry, urban studies, and mapping etc. In 1989, the MEIS demonstrated its potential for environmental monitoring when it acquired extensive multi temporal data after the Valdez oilspill in Alaska, monitoring coastlines and inland waters during the clean-up exercise. The electro-optical facility is an integrated package which includes, as well as the MEIS, a multi-spectral scanner with visible and thermal infra-red response, a real-time image display with image enhancement capability, and associated navigation and digital data recording systems. This facility also helped monitor the forest fires that occurred in the Western States in 1988 and 1989. MEIS SENSOR DEVELOPMENTS As a result of the MEIS research and development program, a number of applications have emerged as prime candidates for operational implementation using a MEIS-based airborne system. Two of these are forestry resource surveying and topographic mapping. The sensor offers the advantages of high spatial and radiometric sensitivity (necessary in forestry applications for signature measurements related to inventory or insect damage), stereo information for derivation of terrain elevation, and digital output for ease of processing and ready compatibility with geographic information systems. CCRS, with the Canadian Department of Forestry, completed a study into the functional requirements for a sensor tailored to these specific applications, and initiated a project with industry to develop a system, MEIS FM (MEIS for Forestry and Mapping), for commercial resource survey. MEIS FM Under the MEIS research program at CCRS, the functional specifications were determined for such a sensor (Neville and Till, 1989). The multispectral imager is specified to have a field-of-view of 70 degrees, high resolution and wide swath, fore-nadir-aft continuous

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