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Title
New perspectives to save cultural heritage
Author
Altan, M. Orhan

CIPA 2003 XIX' h International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey
214
3. New Perspectives from Using Single Images in
Conservation.
In view of the increasing dilapidation of handed down
monuments, Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Techniques
can support the protection of these monuments by
- permanent control of existing historic monuments, including
the inventory,
- by advanced interpretation of discovered monuments,
- by (aerial) Prediction of so far undiscovered monuments and
- by the reconstruction of partly and/or even completely
destroyed monuments.
For serious systematic investigations after the reasons for the
increasing disintegration of monuments it is absolutely
necessary, to start with an inventory, to document the recent
conditions of the monuments (see Chapter 4).
In order to judge the success of, e.g., chemical monument
protection, a futural permanent control of the monument
condition, using suited photography, is definitely required.
The most suited way to verify this is a Monument Information
System(MIS).
The interpretation of discovered monuments can be increased
by
- the correlation of monuments with existing buildings or
reconstructions,
the correlation of the arrangements of existing buildings
with standard situations, like the today's appearance of the
ground situation of City blocks in comparison with the
situation of roman castles, see fig. 3.1
Fig. 3.1. The City of Magdeburg (Germany), a former Roman
Castle?
- The correlation of different objects for advanced
interpretations of discovered monuments
The Prediction of so far undiscovered monuments can be based
on
- traces of human activities,
- historic and recent maps and measurements, see Fig. 1.4.
- historic and recent photography
The quality of the interpretation of the situation of so far
undiscovered monuments can only be judged by excavations or
excavations substitutes.
4. New Perspectives for Archives for Single Images in
Conservation
It is highly recommended, to digitize the available single
imagery and to store it on CD-ROM. The combination with a
data manager program has big advantages for a systematic data
access. And for some applications the digital print of that photo
might be sufficient, while the original is kept for exclusive
operations.
Due to very high solution requirements, so far still conventional
cameras are in use for documentation purposes in conservation.
CCD-Cameras, showing about 2000 x 2500 Pixels, nowadays
can almost replace slide cameras. Their color and color truth is
even superior.
The Konica Land Master GPScamera shall be recommended as
the first public camera to be used for single imagery, which
records additional frame information, including the position, the
date and time and the imaging direction belonging to that
particular photograph. The Konica Land Master GPScamera as
introduced occasionally the ISPRS congress in Vienna in 1996
is linked to a data bank, screening the position and the direction
of every single photography in a map.
A list containing the worldwide Photographic Archives is more
than overdue. This proposed list should become a part of CIPAs
internet presentation. At least these photographic Archives must
be related to single images in conservation. Very important is
the access to these Archives and even the searching for lost
photographs, as very impressive reported by GERNSHEIM,
used to become the owner of the first surviving photography,
showing the private house of Niepce in 1827.
As an important sample for a state of the art Photography
archive the Bill Gates archive with over 1 million images in
particular shall be mentioned. The Bill Gates archive is an
integrative part of the Corbis collection. Corbis claims to be the
leading provider of photography and fine arts on the Internet
and maintains one of the largest image collections in the world
with 25 million historical, contemporary, celebrity and fine art
images. More than 1.5 million of these images are available on
line, designed to offer a full range of visual solution.
To be mentioned are also the Ancient Greece Photographic
archive in Indiana, USA, the Photographs-collection of the
Civil war in the United States, the Photo Archive for buildings
etc.,of the Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburg,
Philadelphia,USA and the Photo Archive - Buildings - of the
Butler University in Indianapolis, USA.
Of great importance are also Archives with local character, like
the Old Colorado City Photo Archives or the Photo archive of
the Mariott Library of the University of Utah, USA, containing
Aerial Photographs and Photographs showing Architecture,
Buildings and Archeological sites.
As a typical situation in Germany, beside numerous
governmental, company owned and private Archives, at least 16
governmental Archives for historic Photographs are maintained
on a provincial level, containing collections of images for
conservation purposes of that particular area. As the digitizing
of this material has just started, currently these are mainly still
analog photographs.
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