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Title
International cooperation and technology transfer
Author
Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

37
PROCESSING CENTER
ROVER STATION
MODEM ' -
PaJkFinder
flOTsi
V A
CPS SIGNAL
V
CSM
MOPtM
f Prq.XRS 1
Asgen ~
D
MASTER STATION
Figure 13 A configuration of a GPS based Positioning system
for road survey
5. CONCLUSION
In the framework of road survey the use of GPS is necessary
when the positioning has referred to an absolute reference
system, which allow data representation in a mapping
projection. In order to guarantee the continuity of the
positioning, the presence of other sensors (odometer or
platform) is still convenient (Schwarz, 1993, Wong, 1988).
Furthermore, to maintain the compatibility with data collected
during standard road survey, the extraction of a mile chainage
should be considered. In general, the GPS derived mile
chainage can be easily overestimated unless a more advanced
procedure is implemented. With the approach adopted in this
work, the mean difference observed between GPS and
odometer chainage was within 3 meters.
The performance of the RTCM satellite transmitted correction
for differential positioning was positively evaluated along 50
km of highway. The positional accuracy level of the RTMC
mode resulted comparable to the one relative to the post-
processed mode. In consideration of the major operational
advantages, the RTCM technique can be efficiently adopted for
road surveys requiring meter-level positional accuracy.
6. REFERENCES
Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services Special
Committee 104, Recommended Standards for Differential GPS
Services, ver. 2.0, Washington DC, January 90.
Greenspan R. L. (1996). GPS/Inertial Integration Overview,
Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications, vol. 2
(Ed. B. W. Parkinson and J. J. Spilker), vol. 163 of Progress in
Astronautics and Aeronautics, AIAA, pp. 187-218.
Seeber G., Boder W., Goldan H., Schmitz M., Wübbena G.
(1995) Precise DGPS Positioning in Marine and Airborne
Applications. In GPS Trends in Precise Terrestrial, Airborne
and Spaceborne Applications, I AG Symposia 115, Springer,
202-21
Schwarz K. P. (1993). Integration of GPS and INS,
Proceedings of Workshop on Airborne Geophysics,
Washington D.C., July 12-15, 1993, pp. 34-54.
Schwarz K. P„ M. E. Cannon and R.V.C. Wong (1989). A
comparison of kinematic models for the determination of
position and velocity along a trajectory, Manuscripta
Geodaetica 14, pp. 345-353.
Trimble SURVEY CONTROLLER, Reference Manual, USA,
September 1997
Trimble ASPEN GPS System Operation Manual, USA, June,
1997
Wong R.V.C., K. P. Schwarz, and M. E. Cannon (1988). High-
Accurate Kinematic Positioning by GPS-INS, Navigation, Vol.
35, No.2, Summer 1988.
AKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work has been carried out in support of the technical staff
of the “Funzione Centro Ricerche e Sviluppo per i Lavori
Autostradali/Automezzi e Macchine Speciali” of the “Società’
Autostrade”. In particular the authors acknowledge Ing.Fornaci
and Ing. Drusin for the assistance and contribution during the
operational and processing phases