International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B4. Istanbul 2004 Internati 
  
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Depa 
= Unite 
Great Smoky Mountains Natlonal Park ri - decid 
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m} famil 
NPS 
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LE TT amano i| such 
L^ CBE Imc under 
|" , trj n H E IE This i 
7 4L E- LII ml fuel 
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Figure 1. Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the | "HI 1 m 1 || ^W I ver 
area corresponding to: (a) Calderwood (CALD); (b) Wear | IR T ib I Um | Figure 
Cove (WECO); (c) Gatlinburg (GATL); (d) Thunderhead TTT NT ET TT withir 
Mountain (THMO); and (e) Silers Bald (SIBA) 7.5-minute a i ; corres 
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic quadrangles. Figure A. Spatial correlation of aspect and, averstory topogi 
vegetation classes: cove hardwood and xeric oak hardwood = 
forests. is 
collap 
: ; aid origin 
Developing elevation range, slope and aspect characteristics v 
for each forest community type better defines the community over 
description and can be used to model the probability of he 
T Gon Range locating similar communities outside of the national park, but (Fig. § 
-s within the southern Appalachian Mountains. Visualization numbe 
I techniques, such as 3D perspective views and drapes of A 
- i orthorectified images related to mapped vegetation are also Comet 
QU useful for conveying information on terrain-vegetation ANS 
5 relationships (Fig. 5). À 
fe vegeta 
9 eo Timbe 
os commi 
= j : was as 
re IPS SE PT EEF CE Wein 
General Vegetation Chmsen 
  
  
  
Figure 2. Spatial correlation of elevation range and overstory 
vegetation classes. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
d Visual Correlation between Vegetation and Elev 
  
LJ 
- i Se A dile, 
a Figure 5. A 3D perspective view of an orthorectified color I 
3 infrared air photo and overstory vegetation polygons. 
i- À 
i I 
| 
3. RULE-BASED MODELING TECHNIQUES TO 
ASSESS THE RISK OF FOREST FIRES 
    
PASTE HEN 
, There has been an increased interest in finding new tools for 
fire management and prediction in U.S. national parks due to 
recent dry summers and devastating forest fires. To this end, 
rule-based GIS modeling procedures were used to classify 
uto cei. CIN 
"S + PAS 
  
  
  
  
  
Figure 3. Spatial correlation of slope and overstory 
vegetation classes. 
fire fuels for Great Smoky Mountains National Park based on Figure + 
overstory and understory vegetation (Dukes, 2001; Madden Sm ok 
and Welch 2004). 7 S nin 
Through field work and consultation with NPS fire experts, 
fire fuel model classes originally defined by the U.S. 
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