ibul 2004 
  
  
  
  
  
Ibor Tho- 
PIMap 
fulfilled 
e whole 
s with the 
center as 
mponents 
m simply 
to very 
ys. Final 
je printed 
., 2003b). 
“4+ since 
uns under 
ents. It is 
from the 
rmat), the 
»sampling 
id labeled 
pleted by 
ature and 
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B4. Istanbul 2004 
several marginal annotations including the sheet designations 
and legend entries as described in chapter 3. 
With PDF, which is suited to handle all map contents both 
raster and vector data, a proven and widely used format is 
provided by PIMap. This is of special importance, since a map 
sheet has to be finished interactively — e.g. with regard to the 
placement and the readability of feature names — using vector- 
oriented commercial software (Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw or 
Macromedia FreeHand respectively). 
ASCII Editor 
Map Definition 
  
  
Cartographic Software Package PIMap 
Generation of Vector Data (Contours, Grids, 2.) 
Adjustment of Raster Image Data to Map Surface 
Sheet Composition (Title; Annotations, ...) - 
  
  
Vs 
Commercial Graphic-Program 
  
Review of Map Sheet, e.g. Lettering Placement 
Interactive Postprocessing (if necessary) 
  
  
Figure 3. Overview of map production line 
Since PIMap enables not only the Sinusoidal and Lambert 
Azimuthal projection — as it is a requirement for the Topogra- 
phic Image Map Mars 1:200,000 — but all common projections, 
the software is applicable for the generation of any Martian 
maps including the common series as listed in chapter 2.3. 
Moreover, topographic mapping of other planetary bodies (with 
spherical or ellipsoidal reference surfaces) is supported. Never- 
theless, as a consequence of new developments — in particular 
with regard to thematic mapping purposes — the software 
System will be upgraded accordingly. 
S. FIRST RESULTS 
5.1 Specimen Sheets 
With the original development of the Topographic Image Map 
Mars 1:200,000 series the basic concepts and layout have been 
presented by means of several examples. Based on the series 
definitions, amongst other projects the Mars Pathfinder landing 
site has been mapped by Lehmann et al. (1999). 
In preparation of the Mars Express mission, specimen sheets 
have been generated that already feature most of the changes 
and/or updates as described in this paper (cf. Gehrke et al, 
2003b). Such examples are based on Mars Orbiter Camera 
(MOC) wide angle imagery and Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter 
(MOLA) topography; results have been presented by Gehrke et 
al. (2003a). 
873 
Furthermore, a few tests with bodies different from Mars, i.e. 
the Saturnian satellites, confirmed the flexibility of the software 
PIMap prior to the HRSC mapping phase. 
5.2 First HRSC Maps 
Based on the first HRSC data, orthoimages and DTMs have 
been generated at DLR for cartographic utilization. Several 
Topographic Image Map Mars 1:200,000 sheets as well as 
special target maps following this concept have been generated 
at the Technical University of Berlin using PIMap. Thus, e.g. 
the Albor Tholus volcano (Figure 2) or the Hydraotes Chaos 
region (Figure 4), which is part of the Martian valley complex 
Valles Marineris, are mapped in very impressive sheets of high 
quality. 
  
|. M 100k 1.17N/323.17E OMKT | 
  
| 
36*30' 36°20' West 
323°30° 323°40' East | 
140 | | 
1241 | 
1°40° | 
| 
| 
| 
| 
1430" 
rao | | 
e 
  
  
  
Section of M 100k 1.17N/323.13E OMKT, a special 
target map of the Hydraotes Chaos region (again, 
areas without HRSC image information are shown 
in grey) 
Figure 4. 
6. CONCLUSION 
The HRSC camera system aboard the Mars Express orbiter 
opened up a new era of Mars mapping; obtained images still 
inspire both the public as well as the scientific community. As 
one high-level result, the Topographic Image Map Mars 
1:200,000 series, based on HRSC imagery, now becomes true 
as the first large-scale map series of our neighboring planet. 
Hence, it enlarges and completes the existing band widths of 
Martian map series. With regard to several updates that have 
been made, the Topographic Image Map Mars 1:200,000 pre- 
sents itself as a very modern product, which will be the guide- 
line for future topographic map series in larger scales, for 
special target maps and for comparable thematic map products 
as well. 
The cartographic software system PIMap, which handles the 
automatic map production, has been developed at the Technical 
University of Berlin. Throughout several tests in preparation of 
the Mars Express mission and most important by generating the 
first map sheets from HRSC image data, PIMap did indicate 
and eventually prove its operational status. Software upgrades —