A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL OF CLOSE RANGE 
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNIQUE FOR THE 3D MEASUREMENT OF 
THE BODY OF A NISSAN PATROL CAR 
E.G. Parmehr, A. Azizi 
Dept. of Geomatics and Surveying Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 
University of Tehran, 11365/4563 Tehran, Iran. 
parmehr@ut.ac.ir, aazizı@ut.ac.ir 
Commission V, WG VI/1 
KEY WORDS: Close Range Photogrammetry, Industry, Metric Camera, Design, Calibration, Measurement, Accuracy. 
ABSTRACT: 
Close range photogrammetry as applied for the as-built and as designed comparisons in the car industry has attracted serious 
attentions in recent years. This thesis reports in some details an off-line close range photogrammetric approach for the accurate 
measurement of the body of a Nissan Patrol car. The photographs are taken by the Zeiss UMK 10/1318U metric camera. In the first 
stage of the project, the body of the car is marked with the circular shape targets. The object coordinates of these targets were then 
determined with respect to an arbitrary coordinate system using geodetic surveying technique. In the subsequent stage a network was 
designed around the Nissan Patrol to be used for installing the cameras. The image coordinates of the target points were then 
measured by the SD2000 analytical plotter. The object coordinates of these points were calculated using collinearity condition 
equations combined with various self calibration strategies proposed by: Brown 1975, Brown 1976, Ebner 1976, Moniwa 1977 and 
El-Hakim 1977. The discrepancies between the coordinates of the points generated by the photogrammetric method and the 
coordinates of the same points produced by the geodetic approach, is taken as the accuracy criteria. The best results obtained for 
check points are 0.21 mm (rmse). 
1. INTRODUCTION camera documentation. The full camera specification is given in 
Table 1. 
In recent years close range photogrammetry has demonstrated 
its capability as a powerful technique for the metric acquisition Lens Lamegon 8/100 B 
  
  
  
of industrial objects. The close range photogrammetric method Focal length 99 mm 
reigns supreme as regards the ease of data acquisition, Focusine range 1.4 m to infinity 
t € S . 
  
instantaneous data capture and cost effectiveness as compared 
to alternative solutions. As far as the accuracy of the extracted 
metric information is concerned, two solutions are common. 
Effective frame size 120 x 166 mm 
Camera weight with | 20 kg 
  
  
  
  
  
accessories 
The first approach employs a non metric camera and ET : : : : 
: E p. y th = e d : | Effective size of the | 79 and 61 degrees for the 
compensates the accuracy loss with appropriate mathematica : ; : n ER 
Beas: y Pprop à angular view horizontal and vertical direction 
  
models. The second method on the other hand utilizes a 
combination of hardware and software solutions by utilizing a 
metric camera. In this project the second solution is adopted for 
the measurement of distinct points on a Patrol car using a Zeiss 
UMK metric camera. Since the internal geometry of this camera 
is known with sufficient accuracy, no pre-calibration is 
required. This paper gives a brief outline of the procedures 
involved in the 3D object coordinates extraction of series of 
signalized points installed on a Patrol car. The accuracy results 
are also reported. 
Table 1. UMK 10/1318U camera specifications 
2.2 Film characteristics 
To perform the image acquisition with highest possible 
resolution, a slow speed film with the finest granularity 
available in the market was purchased. Since the object being 
photographed was completely stationary, no motion blur was 
introduced into the acquired image. Figure 1 and 2 demonstrate 
the resolution of the selected film as compared with a faster 
film. 
2. DATA AQUISITION 
The data acquisition stage is briefly outlined in the sub-sections 
that follow. 
2.1 UMK 10/1318U metric camera 
      
po : 
Image acquisition is conducted with a Zeiss UMK 10/1318 2 
metric camera. This camera has a stable internal geometry with su an 
a minimum of lens distortion. The internal geometry is 
accurately determined by the manufacturer and reported in the 
   
   
  
Figure 2. Image of a portion of an object taken by fast film 
Internation 
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2.4 Geodeti 
The 3D obje 
geodetic net 
1000 total st 
0.1 mm and 
respectively.