International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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Figure 5. The profile analysis of topographic changes for Section 1-3 from October 1996 to November 2000 
Table 1. Summary of volumetric change per unit area (m?/m?) for all Sections from 1996-2000. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Net-Change Deposition Erosion 
Period Sections Sum PUA Sum PUA Sum PUA 
(m?) (m?/m?) (m?) (m?/m?) (m?) (m?/m?) 
Section 1 -2613.39 -0.005 +14647.92 +0.639 -17261.32 -0.602 
Section 2 -9501.69 -0.038 +4961.35 +0.607 -14463.03 -0.983 
1996-2000 | Section 3 -2244.34 -0.005 +7140.12 +0.471 -9384.46 -0.394 
Section 4 +1998.63 +0.005 +7714.21 +0.420 -5715.59 -0.271 
Section 5 -4817.29 -0.014 +3396.59 +0.322 -8213.88 -0.383 
Section 6 -9515.45 -0.023 +2835.99 +0.321 -12351.44 -0.422 
Total -26693.54 -0.011 +40696.18 +0.485 -67389.72 -0.485 
  
  
  
5. CONCLUSION 
This paper has presented a method to analyze topographic 
changes using DEM data sets acquired by the NASA ATM 
LIDAR over various time intervals, e.g., year-to-year (1996- 
1997, 1997-1998, 1998-2000), season-to-season (September, 
January), and a multi-year (1996-2000). Six sections in our 
study area are divided according to their historical changes, and 
coastal conditions. Three profiles of each section were 
extracted from the DEMs, and the spatial patterns and 
volumetric amounts of erosion and deposition of each section 
on a cell-by-cell basis were calculated. The means of 
volumetric net change per unit area (m/m?) of each section 
were derived. With the analysis of the deposition, erosion, or no 
change of the study area, the spatial patterns of deposition and 
erosion can be traced in both detailed and broad extent over 
varying time periods and frequencies. The analyzed results 
demonstrated that the coastline change of Assateague Island is 
very complex and dynamic, and that further understanding and 
analysis of the topographic changes that occur through natural 
or human action is required. Active coastal management, 
shoreline protection, and beach nourishment programs are 
believed to affect Assateague Island topography significantly. 
These results also demonstrated that LIDAR sensors provide an 
extraordinary capability for capturing data upon which high- 
accuracy, high-density coastal DEMs can be created and used 
for quantitative analysis of coastal topographic morphology. 
Topographic morphology analysis can provide precise and 
reliable information for the effective planning and management 
of the coastal area. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
This project was supported by NASA research grant NAG-13- 
01009 “Virginia Access.” The assistance of Changqing Song 
was indispensable to the research. Carl Zimmerman, Chief of 
Division of Resource Management at Assateague Island 
National Seashore, provided essential support for topographic 
change data interpretation, such as deposition, erosion, and net 
change. Andrew Meredith of the Coastal Service Center al 
NOAA provided us help in LIDAR data delivery and 
interpretation. 
362 
  
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