International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B-YF. Istanbul 2004 
Table 4. Interior orientation parameters 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Calibration result 
focal length f. 7.1789 
principal point xp 1011.288 
principal point yo 773.176 
scale factor a; 289.564 
scale factor a, 0.078 
scale factor a; 0 
scale factor ay 289.811 
lens distortion parameter Æ; 2.859 x 10? 
  
  
  
4. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 
Performance evaluation is performed using RMSE for 8 check 
points. Result! shows the RMSE by the proposed calibration 
method, and Result2 shows the RMSE by resection method 
using 9 GCP. Figure 6 shows horizontal error for check points. 
It can be seen that horizontal accuracy is lower 5 times, and 
vertical accuracy is lower 2 times compare with the result of 
resection method with 9 GCP, but it can be expected that 
convenient digital photogrammetry using digital camera is 
achived by the proposed method because of this method doesn't 
need any GCP measurement on an object field nor previous 
interior orientation procedures. 
Table 5. Accuracy 
  
  
  
T (mm) 2 .(mm) 
Result 12.013 13.702 
Result2 2.559 7.652 
  
  
  
  
  
  
152 
5, CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS 
Calibration method for convenient digital photogrammetry 
using triplet images which were taken by amateur digital 
cameras were investigated, and performance evaluation were 
performed in this paper. Accuracy by the proposed calibration 
method does not reach the accuracy which are calculated by 
resection method using 9 GCP. 
It may be concluded that influences of lens distortion still 
remain, but it is concluded that low-priced, convenient digital 
photogrammetry using digital camera is achieved by the 
proposed method because of this method doesn't need any GCP 
measurement on an object field nor previous interior orientation 
procedures. 
However, improvement of accuracy and efficient successive 
orientation for more two models are still further works. 
Reference 
Kunii Y., Chikatsu H, 2001, On the Application of 3 Million 
Consumer Pixel Camera to Digital Photogrammetry, 
Videometrics and Optical Methods for 3D Sharpe Measurement, 
Proceeding of SPIE, Vol. 4309, pp.278-287, San Jose. 
Chikatsu H., Kunii Y, 2002, Performance Evaluation of Recent 
High Resolution Amateur Cameras and Application to 
Modeling of Historical structure, International Archives of 
Photogramemetry and Remote Sensing, vol.XXXIV, Part5, 
pp.337-341, Corfu. 
Nakada R., Chikatsu H, 2003, Generating 3D model of 
"Meguro Residence" using Digital Armature Camera, 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 
(CD-Rom), Vol.XXXIV-5/W10, ISSN 1682-1777, Vulpera. 
  
] ] 
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Figure 6. Error distribution 
100mm