DESIGN OF LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR CLIMATE CHANGE RISK IN
MONGOLIA
A. Oba*, W.Yan®
* Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Endo 5322 Fujisawa Kanagawa, 252-0816, Japan -
perry@sfc.keio.ac.jp
? Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Endo 5322 Fujisawa Kanagawa, 252-0816, Japan -
yan@sfc.keio.ac.jp
IV/S, IV/1, IVIV, IV/8, IV/3: Free and Open Source Web Mapping and Processing
KEY WORDS: Bayan Sum, Mongolia, WebGIS, Climate Change, Early Adaptation
ABSTRACT:
In Mongolia, from 1999 to 2001 and 2009 to 2010, about 10 million livestock animals were seriously died due to starvation and the
cold by effects of overgrazing and Zud: extreme snow in winter season. Thus, it is required to reduce its risk by controlling number
of overwinter livestock animals. In order to do that, it is required to simulate how many animals do herders have to sell followed by
carrying capacity. In order to avoid climate risk, it is necessary to manage farming comprehensively and control livestock numbers.
Nevertheless it needs to consider about management, we have to research information about each management under different
conditions of each area in all Mongolia. Thus, it needs to survey livestock management workflows of regional administration and
GIS data about rangeland areas and their attributes in order to evaluate their nomadic life and their livestock objectively. It is
essential to use some tools that have the function of processing the spatial data. It could cover wide areas and have different abilities
for spatial relations. To solve this problem; we analyzed management workflows of herder and regional administration working in
Mongolia, and designed a hierarchical structure of tables and data layers with the relational database. With this structure, we
developed the structure of a WebGIS tool on the Adobe Flex platform for livestock management visually. It will be also useful for
them to improve the accountability of activities. This system is a versatile WebGIS tool which can interact with various spatial scales.
1. INTRODUCTION
In Mongolia, livestock animals were killed seriously by effects
of climate change and it is required to reduce its risk by early
adaptation. Selling livestock animals in unusual selling season
is one of the early adaptation. Therefore, it is required to
simulate when they need to sell their livestock animals and how
many animals do herders have to sell. For getting these
information, it is significant to evaluate carrying capacity in
rangeland. Carrying capacity is different spatially due to
relationship beween plant ecologies and livestock animals.
Derry(1998, 2009) developed a model that it is possible to
simulate carrying capacity. But his model has never been
adapted to Mongolia case. In this study, we designed an early
adaptation measure by estimating and managing carrying
capacity, and evaluated their possibilities through researching
databases and test results of simulation.
2. METHOD
L1 System for Livestock Animals Management
As a system of carly adaptation, it is significant to consider
about how to manage carrying capacity. In our study, it is
Constructed from 3 steps. At first, developing a database for
modeling. On second, running model and calculating carrying
“pacity by try and error. At last, developing a system of
sending information to herders. In this study, first and second
step Was tested in small scale area in Mongolia, and evaluated
Possibility by their results.
12 Database
Mainly we used the phygrow data that is composed by Texas
University and Mercy Corp (Angerer et al., 2009), which is
NGO, and they monitors many environmental conditions daily
in 502 points in this area. There are also statistical data, GIS
data and Physical Data of Animals. Thus it needs to make these
data related in spatially by using geo-information systems, and
interviewed to herders.
2.3 System Design
We analyzed free and national data sources in all Mongolia and
designed a spatial structure of tables and data layers with the
relational database. The structure of this system is shown in
Figure.1. It was constructed in 3 layers, the bottom was Google
Maps, the middle was GIS/RS data, the top was data created by
users. In the middle layer, we used WMS (Web Mapping
System) that was standardized by OGC (Open Geospatial
Consortium). In the top layer, vector data were able to use by
using Google Maps API. The data on the top layer were
managed in MySQL, so users can update those data on the
Google Maps interface by using Web browsers. and Mobile
Phones. With this structure, we developed the WebGIS
interface on the Adobe Flex platform..
3. RESULTS FOR EVALUATING POSSIBILITY OF
ADAPTATION DESIGN
As a system of early adaptation, it is significant to consider
about how to manage carrying capacity. In our study, it is
constructed from 3 steps. At first, developing a database for
modeling. On second, running model and calculating carrying
capacity by try and error. At last, developing a system of
sending information to herders. In this study, first and second
step was tested in small scale area in Mongolia, and evaluated
possibility by their results.
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