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LANDSAT TM IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR THE THRUST SYSTEM 
OF HELANSHAN MOUNTAINS, THE NORTHWEST OF CHINA 
Dr. Tan yongjie and 
Guan Haiyan (Director) 
China Center of Coal Geological Remote Sensing 
Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, P. R. China. ISPRS Commission VII 
ABSTRACT: 
On the basis of the geologic achievements of 
major geobodies 
system on TM image. Through the interpretation of TM image; 
the authors consider that the structural pattern of this area belongs to a duplex. This new 
alue for the exploration of coal fields. 
analyses of the geologic data, 
achievement is of great geologic significance and economic v 
KEY WORDS: Geological Remote Sensing, Spectral Measurement, TM Image Interpretation, 
System, Ccoal Resources. 
1. INTRODUCTION 
Helanshan Mountains, which consist of Helan Mt. Gangder 
Mt. and Zhueai Mt. lies in the north part of the belt where 
‘the China Eastern Tectonic Province and Western Tectonic 
Province meet. The strata are mainly the limestone, the 
Cambrian System and Ordorician System. and the coal se- 
ries, the Carboniferous — Permian System, and the terres- 
trial facies clastic rock, the Mesozoic ‘Erathem. Among 
these, the Taiyuan Group, the Carboniferous System and 
Shanxi Group, the Permian System and the Rugigou group, 
the Jurassic System, contain the minable coal seams. The 
structural features of this region are very complicated. Al- 
through the most geologists consider that the structures of 
the area are thrusts (Tang Xiyuan et al, 1988), the struc- 
tural pattern has being disputed. This affects the study for 
coal and oil exploration. Hence, the authors make a study on 
the thrust structures in this region. 
9. THE FEATURES OF THE THRUST 
ON THE TM IMAGES 
2.1 Reflective Spectral Measurements 
The authors measufe the reflective spectral values in some 
typical structural profiles and the main strata. The instru- 
ment used is 100BX (M 4- T). The bands of it are in keeping 
with that of TM1, TM2, TM3 and TM4. 
2. ]. 1 The Reflective Spectral Measure of the Thrust 
their predecessors. the authors bave measured the reflective spectral velues of the 
in the Helanshan Mountains, made a field investigation, and then set up the interpretation keys of thrust 
image processing a field investigation and the comprehensive 
Computer Processing, Thrust 
the Cambrian System, directively covers on the coal series, 
the Carboniferous — Permian System and the broken zone 
exists in the front of the thrust. The result of the measure- 
ment is shown in Table 2. 1. 
Table 2.1 The Résult of the Reflective 
Spectral Measurement of Huangwan Thrust 
  
band TM1 TM2 TM3 TM4 
spectrum (ym) 0. 45— 0. 52/0. 52— 0. 60|0. 62— 0. 69|0. 76— 0. 90 
  
detachment,limestone | 35. 23 43. 94 59. 87 66. 93 
front 32. 68 40. 27 48. 07 52. 07 
underlaying body, 23.92 | 27.91 | 32.56 | 34.96 
coal series 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
This table shows that the each value of the limestone is big- 
ger than that of the other bodies and the differences be- 
tween them are bigger than that of the others. From the 
principle of color coposite. the detachment will appear deep 
red on the false color composite image (band 2— blue, band 3 
— green, band 4— rea). The values of underlaying coal se- 
ries and their differance. are less than that of other bodies, 
hence this geobody will'appear dark grey. The values of the 
front zone is in the middle ot the two bodies, and thie zone 
will be a linear belt on the color image. 
2. 1. 2 The Reflective Spectral Measure of the Other Geo- 
bodies For the interpretation of the line-ment, we also 
measure the reflective spectral values of the other geobodis. - 
"The result is shown in Table 2. 2. 
From these values and the principle of the false color compos- 
ite, we can determine the hue featur.s of geobodies on the 
TM image respectively. 
Body Huangwan Thrust: it is a typical thrust in the north- 
ern part of the Shitanjing Mining Bureau. The limestone, 
  
35