Boyer - 5 
What are (not) the Problems? 
Understanding images is difficult, but ... 
• Precision is not the issue. It is - ultimately - important to 
mensuration, but not to understanding. 
• Noise is (arguably) not the central issue, either. 
• The lack of a mathematical model of perception is the 
issue. 
• In a very small way, the ideas in this talk are the germ of 
such a perceptual model, built around the concept of 
organization.