ISPRS, Vol.34, Part 2W2, “Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS”, Bangkok, May 23-25, 2001 
fundamental spatial knowledge as well as metrical knowledge. In 
fact, gradual changes of spatial relationships have been studied 
by H. Bruns and M. Egenhofer (1996). To develop a 
semantically rich spatio-temporal database system, a part of 
farther work is to formalize changes qualitatively or 
quantitatively, and to implement spatio-temporal semantics 
explicitly with data structures and implicitly with data operations. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
This work is jointly supported by National Natural Science 
Foundation of China (NSF 60003012, NSF 69833010) and 
Foundation of an Industrial Research Chair in Geomatics at 
Laval University of Canada. 
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