3 
the guiding principles. Much-used elements are: land forms, drainage patterns, relief and 
slopes, forms of natural drainage systems and gullies, drainage conditions, origin of the 
parent material (geogenesis), vegetation and land use, erosion phenomena etc.; knowledge 
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(ni N, > y 
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\ S l — CT = di V 
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Ma ZN = A 
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Re MA b 
t Db 
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Ma A Ds ré 
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m ees c £ 
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Fig. 1. Example of a photo-analysis. This photo-analytical map to be compared with the 
. , I 
  
soil map in fig. 2 made by field survey only. 
of geology and in particular of the quartenary geology as well as of geomorphology is 
very important. General agricultural and archeological phenomena, as well as geographical 
features such as differences in soil management, distribution and size of farms, remains 
of pre-historic habitation, situation of roads, railroads, houses, dykes, etc. may give many