hundred, which are scattered over the countryside. One of the main tasks 
of a district management is forest cultivation in spring, while the marking 
of timber posts, brush control, slash disposal and road building is carried 
out in summer. Cutting proceeds all the year round, with heavy momentum 
in the winter period. Timber is transported to truck roads or river landings 
by horse or tractor. For the planning of all these operations, both in office 
and in the field, frequent use is made of forest maps. 
Conventional usage of forest maps in Swedish forest management 
The usage may be summarized under four main points: 
1. General view of forest blocks, with representation on the map of cut 
areas, haul roads, streams and other floatways etc. 
2. Orientation in forest — a rather important factor in Northern Sweden. 
3. Planning of operations and silvicultural measures: forest cultivation, 
cutting, driving, land reclamation etc. Planning is often done in office 
and data about topography, as well as about forest stand characteristics, 
are needed. Therefore a concise description of stand characteristics is 
often prepared as a supplement to the map. Such a description includes 
data about the site class, composition of species, stand age or cutting 
class and volume of standing timber in cub. metres per hectare etc. 
Some of the most important items of stand description are usually 
marked on the map as a formula. 
4. A record of measures carried out, silvicultural work and cutting opera- 
tions is clearly made on the map. 
Forest maps are generally made to the scale of 1: 10 000, in Northern 
  
  
     
ókogsKar/ag 
over 
Hem:t Viken 1% 
| Wo s, lk ^n 
| Movikens lon 
|  Upprál/ad à 1954 av 
RA 
  
Skala 110000 
100 100 200 
Sdn 22. 2 00. 200 
x 
E E 2 
  
  
Fig. 1. Forest map of conventional type. (From Norrl. Skogsvárdsfórbund)