REPORT OF COMMISSION V GV—91 
screen. The only difference is that for each new contour picture the material 
block is moved in or out of the cutting plane of the cutter in a straight line. 
Different heights of the relief are obtained by changing the distances between 
the cutting planes of the material block. The shorter the distance, the lower the 
relief. Changing the distance is effected by exchanging a few gears, which 
control this distance automatically, and thereby eliminate the thickness di- 
mensions. Figure 9 shows the paths the cutter made for carving a sculptured 
relief portrait. 
The carved relief portrait is finished in the same way as an all-around por- 
  
  
  
  
  
Fic. 8. Recording device for making a form and Fic. 9. Paths made by cutter for carving a 
expression record for a relief portrait. sculptured relief portrait. 
trait, by shaving away the excessive material between the cutting grooves, 
until they disappear. After the hair has been modeled by hand, and a back- 
ground added, the relief is ready for making a plaster cast, for the foundry or 
the marble cutter. 
CONCLUSIONS 
These new sculpturing methods bring science to art. The sculptor is not 
limited in his artistic endeavor, but his technique is improved by providing 
him with a tool that secures a likeness in a sculptured portrait. Miniature por- 
traits for jewelry and for monumental portraits can be made with the same 
excellence. 
The sculptor can carve out a portrait with a slight distortion, if he wants