International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing 
through its overlapping and intersection with each 
route part. In the following sections the methods of the 
second phenomenon are addressed. 
e The Buffering Method: this method is used for 
those kinds of sub criteria, which have low 
density near the inter-city roads. In this method, 
two effect zones, one in the buffer which gets a 
“1” coefficient and the other one out of the buffer 
which gets a zero coefficient, are specified. These 
methods are divided in to three different groups 
according to the type of sub criteria (i.e. point, 
linear and or superficial), Buffer, linear buffer 
and superficial buffer. The buffer, linear buffer 
and superficial buffer are used respectively for 
sub criteria which are in the form of point, linear 
and superficial. In these methods an approximate 
effect zone is needed. These approximate effect 
zones are firstly addressed in this theses and 
reaching to more accurate estimates needs further 
researches to be done in this regard which is out 
of the context of the current research. In the 
security criterion, point buffers with approximate 
length of 20 and 10 kilometers are considered for 
the sub criteria of toll-houses, urban areas and 
  
  
  
e: CT 
  
The effect zones of sea after buffer analysis in this 
theses based on GIS environment were determined as 
follows: A) very sightseeing areas: this zone was 
determined through definition of a superficial buffer 
with an estimated vector of 25 kilometers from the 
seaside which includes most of the tourist attracting 
northern cities and places of the country influenced 
  
and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B4. Istanbul 2004 
   
po Ty 
e useful area of activity (a effective vector of 20 ki 
villages and also for the main criterion of tourism 
with approximate length of 5, 2, 2, 2 and 2 
kilometers are considered for the sub criteria of 
Ski jumps, amusement places, traditional cultural 
and historical places antique-artificial places and 
religious places respectively. In the tourism main 
criterion an equal effect vectors of 1 kilometer 
were considered for both rivers and pisciculture 
areas as the sub criteria. In the tourism main 
criteria a superficial buffer with the vectors of 10 
and 5 kilometers length were respectively 
considered for lakes and dikes all above issues 
are assumed as two areas 
e Exceptions in Buffering Method: 
Implementation of the sub criterion of road police 
stations through point buffer with a effect vector 
of 20 kilometers length, is a little different from 
the toll-house and urban areas. Because all of the 
road parts are under control of the road police but 
this control area of road police could be divided 
in to two arcas of effective control activity and 
normal activity so that finally two cost values of 
0.875 and 0.125 were resulted. (Figure 2) 
  
  
      
       
    
    
  
Deli NE SPEI 
lometers length) 
  
with sea. B) Average sightseeing effect zone: this zone 
includes the roads, which are located in an area 25 to 
70 kilometers far from seaside (figures 3 and 4). C) 
None sightseeing effect zone: this zone includes the 
roads, which are located in distances farther than 70 
kilometers from the seaside. The results of modeling 
are presented in table (4). 
Table (4): the effect coefficient of three affect zones of the sub criteria the main criterion of tourism-religious places 
  
Very sightseeing zone 
Semi sightseeing zone 
None sightseeing zone 
  
  
0.743 0.194 
  
0.063 
  
  
  
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