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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B4. Istanbul 2004 
  
Spacevie Spectral Radiometric 
paccview Calibration Assembly 
Port 
    
Scan Mirror 
Instrument View 
Schematic View 
  
  
  
Figure 3. Diagram of the MODIS sensor 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Channel Wavelength Spectrum Primary Use 
1 0.620-0.670um Visible 0.25km 
2 0.841-0.8761m ncar IR 0.25km 
3 0.459-0.479u m Visible 0.5km 
4 0.545-0.565um Visible 0.5km 
5 1.230-1.250um near IR 0.5km 
6 1.628-1.652um near IR 0.5km 
7 2.105-2.155um near IR 0.5km 
8 0.405-0.420jum Visible 1km 
9 0.438-0.448um Visible lkm 
10 0.483-0.493u m Visible Ikm 
11 0.526-0.536u m Visible Ikm 
12 0.546-0.5561m Visible 1km 
13 0.662-0.672um Visible 1km 
14 0.673-0.683um Visible 1km 
15 0.743-0.753um Visible 1km 
16 0.862-0.877um near IR lkm 
17 0.890-0.920pum near IR [km 
18 0.931-0.941u m near IR 1km 
19 0.915-0.965um near IR 1km 
20 3.660-3.840um thermal [R ]km 
21 3.929-3.989um thermal IR lkm 
22 3.929-3.989u m thermal IR 1km 
23 4.020-4.080um thermal IR Ikm 
24 4.433-4.498um thermal IR 1km 
25 4.482-4.549um thermal IR 1km 
26 1.360-1.390um near IR lkm 
21 6.535-6.895um SWIR ]km 
2 7.175-7.475um SWIR ]km 
29 8.400-8.7001 m SWIR ]km 
30 9.580-9.880um SWIR 1km 
31 10.78-11.28um LWIR [km 
32 11.77-12.27u m LWIR [km 
33 13.18-13.48um LWIR Ikm 
34 13.48-13.78um LWIR lkm 
35 13.78-14.08um LWIR Ikm 
36 14.08 14.38um LWIR Ikm 
  
  
  
  
  
Table 4. MODIS sensor channels 
The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the 
predecessor of the MODIS, is an instrument that was designed 
and put into orbit on behalf of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Originally intended for 
meteorological analysis, since its launch it has been used for 
environmental applications such as the analysis of temperature 
cycles of the surface of the sea and for monitoring Earth's 
vegetation on a global scale. The first sensor was launched in 
1979 on board of the first NOAA satellite and this was followed 
with the launch of numerous satellites, the last of which was the 
NOAA-16 in September 2000. The sensor supplies multi- 
spectral images with a swath of a little over 2600 Km per FOV 
equal to 56? and capable of supplying data with a high temporal 
frequency since the NOAA has an orbit of LEO polar orbits type 
at a nominal altitude of 833 Km. Figure 5 shows a diagram of the 
AVHRR sensor. 
723 
  
Figure 5. Diagram of the AVHRR sensor 
The latest version of the AVHRR features six spectral bands 
(table 6): one in the visible spectrum (B1, 580-680 nm), three in 
the near and medium infrared spectrum (B2, 0.725-1.1 um; B3a, 
1.58-1.64 um; B3b, 3.55-3.93 jum) and two in the thermal 
infrared spectrum. The sensor is able to acquire data on a daily 
basis at a resolution of 1.1 Km, allowing for monitoring on a 
global scale of the oceans and land above sea-level. By using the 
data from AVHRR it has been possible to construct global 
vegetation maps, investigate models of ocean current circulation 
and analyse fires on a global scale. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Channel Wavelength Spectrum Primary Use 
BI 0.58-0.68um Visible 1.1km 
B2 0.725-1.10jum near IR 1.1km 
B3a 1.58-1.6411m near IR l.Ikm 
B3b 3.55-3.93um medium IR ! fr Jem 
B4 10.3-11.3um thermal IR 1.1km 
BS 11.5-12.5um thermal IR 1.1km 
  
  
Table 6. AVHRR sensor channels 
By observing the diagrams in Figure 7 and 8 and the tables 4 and 
6, it can be noted that the MODIS and AVHRR multi-spectral 
sensors are capable of covering a large portion of the 
electromagnetic spectrum. 
Figure 7. Graph of atmospheric absorption for high wavelengths 
(from Hyvarinen, 2000)