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Figure 3: Delineation of buildings using shaded relief on the
LIDAR elevation data
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Figure 4: Delineation of buildings using Canny edge detector
on the LIDAR elevation data
In modelling, LIDAR data contributes to the creation of 3D city
models and modelling simulations, such hydraulic modelling
during flooding. In management of an emergency situation, the
3D visualization of the area data contributes to the better
understanding, planning and decision —making for damage
assessment and mitigation. For example, intensity image can be
draped over the LIDAR DSM (Figure 5).
Figure 5: Intensity image draped over LIDAR DSM
If previous data is available or if multi-temporal data are
acquired following an event, then the LIDAR data can be used
for change detection and for monitoring of the situation. The
973
changes can be detected either from temporal image type
LIDAR generated data, for example differencing of two
elevation data sets to determine volumetric differences, or from
temporal features using feature based approaches (Armenakis
and Savopol, 2004).
Concerning the use of 'direct orientation? values delivered by
the LIDAR system in order to produce automatically ortho-
images for emergency mapping situations, it is recommended to
continue the investigations and to do an incremental
improvement of the orientation on a digital photogrammetric
station that will permit to have a normal stereo visualisation ant
to do stereo compilation.
5.2 Acknowledgements
We wish to thank Mosaic Mapping Inc, Matthias Flühler and
Ray Samson for their contribution to this work.
6. REFERENCES AND SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
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A comparative analysis of scanned maps and imagery for
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Armenakis C., F. Savopol, 2004. Image processing and GIS
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