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make
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official
te system.
However, as far as the basic criteria in the definition of urban
agglomeration - i.e. population size and number of housing units -
are concerned, the intersection of urban agglomeration and
official agglomeration represents nearly 90 percent, which is
mainly due to the outstanding weight of the capital.
Table 2
Distribution of the principal data of the official agglomeration,
as of January 1, 1997, (96)
Denomination Urban Non urban Official
agglomeration
agglomeration (56) agglomeratio
(23) n (79)
Area 39.0 61.0 100.0
Resident 86.0 14.0 100.0
population
Housing 87.9 12.1 100.0
stock
In this respect the rate of the basic criteria, calculated for the
localities belonging to the urban agglomeration within the 78
localities of the official agglomeration surrounding the capital,
is also high. However, this is not so high as if Budapest itself is
also taken into account: in this case nearly half of the resident
population and of the housing stock, while only slightly more
than a quarter of the area belong to the UA.
Table 3
Distribution of the principal data of the official agglomeration
except Budapest, as of January 1, 1997, (%)
Denomination Urban Non urban Official
agglomeration
agglomeration (56) agglomeration
(22) (78)
Area 23:2 76.8 100.0
Resident 42.5 57.5 100.0
population
Housing 42.6 57.4 100.0
stock
As compared to the 45 localities of the administrative
agglomeration in 1971 with those of the UA delimited with the
AGG2 approached method, there is evidence of a far greater
overlapping. That is, the number of localities forming part of the
UA, too, is 23, i.e. more than half of the number of localities
having constituted the former official agglomeration.
We also proceeded to a study of the Urban Agglomeration with
the AGGI Eurostat standard method. The definition used was the
following: any administrative unit comprising a continuous and
contiguous area to the urban agglomeration which has been
identified in an earlier stage as a component of the urban
morphological zone will be allocated to the corresponding urban
agglomeration if this area accounts at least for 50% of the total
area of the administrative unit.
Of the 34 localities in the surroundings of Budapest concerned
With the UMZ, only three are complying with this criterion:
Diösd, Erd and Budaërs. Thus, in these localities the total area of
categories Al-A5 forming the UMZ reaches or exceeds 50% of
the total administrative area and, at the same time, the criterion of
continuity is also effective. Two of the three localities make part
of the UA according to the AGG2 approached method, too, while
it is according to the AGGI method only that Budaórs is part of it.
3.2 Test of delineation of town-planning districts and
enumeration districts
It was in 1970 that town-planning districts were used for the first
time in census work, in order to comply with the needs of
agencies and experts interested in locality planning. The
establishing of town-planning districts of towns and of rural
localities designated by the relevant ministry (Ministry of
Construction and of Regional Planning) on the basis of their level
of urbanization, was commissioned to a planning enterprise and
an institute. In 1980 and 1990 the same work had to be done by
the local authorities themselves, assisted by a manual issued by
the ministry. This task necessitated the involvement of urban
planning experts as well as that of the representatives of the
Statistical Office. The establishing of town-planning districts is
jointly motivated by local administration, locality planning and
statistical aspects. Its definition has not changed notably since
1970.
Town-planning districts are smaller structural units of the
settlements, usually with homogeneous land use, delimited
generally by main traffic lines, roads or collecting roads; by their
geographical dimension and situation they form independent units
for services and supplies, and their functional organization and
development take place according to a standardized system. From
a functional point of view, a town-planning district may constitute
a residential, institutional, industrial, traffic or recreative area or
some mixture of these categories. Town-planning districts have to
cover completely the total inner area of the locality. Physically
separate inner areas (central and other inner area/s/) have to form
separate town-planning districts. Formerly independent, but
presently unified or annexed localities have to form separate
town-planning districts as well. Outer areas (located inside the
administrative boundaries, but outside the inner areas of the
locality) usually form a unique town-planning district, yet in some
cases (e.g. in more densely populated farming areas or in merged
localities) they may be classified into two or more town-planning
districts as well. (see Colour plate 3)
For practical reasons the upper limit of population size of town-
planning districts is 5,000, but, in some cases, pending on the
special characteristics of the area (modern residential, highly
built-in, densely populated areas). The relevant lower limit of
population size, in accordance with the size of enumeration
districts, is 300, but in special cases - e.g. recreative areas, zones
under planning - the area can also be uninhabited.
The enumeration district (ED) is the basic geographical unit of the
population census from both organizational (data collection) and
data processing (publication) points of view. This is basically a
data collection, technical unit. It is the area which is to be covered
by the census interviewer in the period of the data collection,
where all housing units and all occupants in them are to be
enumerated.
The enumeration districts are to be established on the basis of the
following principles and criteria:
- Size of the ED: in inner areas they generally include 300
people/120 dwellings. In sparsely built-in or dispersed,
difficult-to-reach outer areas this could be less (a half or
even one-third of the aforementioned size). The basic
criterion is that the data collection could be carried out
without disturbances within the set deadline (generally
two weeks).
Intemational Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXII, Part 7, Budapest, 1998 81
