ng radiance 
ng with the 
From a set 
ed for the 
ated to the 
lity can be 
on a stable 
rably 
at low 
view) must 
orizontal 
to the wave 
resolution 
uning of 
meter 
oom 
ments, cosine 
s measurements, 
switch and 
polychromator, 
and a micro- 
guisition 
the objective 
DO and 720 nm 
ts by means 
¡£.2*'jachar 
B 1964 
«VELENGTHCnn) 
of the 
ght above 
uspended 
upwelling 
played as 
s can be 
only a few 
tal suspend- 
the coastal 
MSS or TM 
R of the 
tionships 
truth 
the local 
hould be 
f the 
tude 
form or 
eferably 
ss. The 
tatistical 
a ter) 
h parameters 
Our Portable Four Channel radiometer (PFC), speci 
ally developed for the purposes of the establishment 
of the local algorithms, can be equiped with inter 
changeable sets of filters with spectral characte 
ristic corresponding to the optical and near infra 
red channels of the Landsat MSS, TM and SPOT 
sensors. The upwelled radiation is collected by a 
zoom lens objective allowing choice of the spatial 
resolution dependently on the altitude of the 
measurements and on the spatial resolution of the 
satellite scanner of interest. The PFC is a light 
weight battery operated instrument. Its four 
channels can be rapidly scanned and results stored 
by a microcomputer controlled data acquisition 
system or by a simple automatic data logger. 
Figure 4 shows a relationship applicable for the 
determination of the pigment concentration as 
investigated in the western Wadden Sea for a 
possible interpretation of the Landsat TM data. 
Figure 4. Combination of the upwelling radiance 
signals in the first three TM channels in relation 
to phytoplankton pigment concentration as deter 
mined from the measurements by means of the PFC 
above western Wadden Sea during September 1985. 
3 INDONESIAN MARINE ENVIRONMENT REMOTE SENSING 
EXPERIMENTS (IMERSE) 
Combination of the data obtained from the sets of 
measurements in water and above water at low 
altitudes is most advantageous for the final 
processing and interpretation of the satellite 
imagery. During the extensive campaign IMERSE 
performed in the coastal waters of north east 
Java, within the framework of the Snellius II 
expedition, numerous measurements were done of the 
underwater reflectance along with sampling of 
concentrations of the organic and inorganic 
materials suspended and dissolved in the water. 
Airborne measurements of the upwelling radiance 
and collection of multispectral imagery were 
provided simultaneously with the shipborne 
operations. Collected satellite imagery will be 
interpreted in cooperation between Indonesian, 
German and Netherlands scientists. 
Preliminary results showing the particulate 
matter distribution as determined from the air 
borne measurements above the Strait Madura are 
presented in Figure 5. 
The spectral signatures will be calculated from the 
underwater measurements in combination with the 
sea truth data using a radiative transfer model. 
From the absorption and scattering signatures,the 
algorithms will be determined. The airborne radio 
meter data will serve for the final tuning of the 
algorithms as well as for the evaluation of the 
atmospheric and glitter effects. The airborne 
imagery can be then processed and interpreted for 
the representative coastal and open sea regions. 
From these underwater and low altitude data the 
satellite imagery will be corrected for the atmos- 
Figure 5. Distribution of suspended matter as assessed 
from the airborne measurements by means of the 
CORSAIR along four flight tracks above the Strait 
Madura. A ratio algorithm is applied. Length of the 
ticks corresponds with the concentration of the 
suspended matter varying between about 2 and 30 g/m . 
pheric effects and interpreted in terms of the 
concentrations of suspended and dissolved materials 
representative for the whole area of interest. 
REFERENCES 
Participation in the Snellius II Expedition 1984. 
Joint Experiment Report, 1986. DFVLR, LAPAN, NIOZ.