937 
Table 2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE CRIES-AGRO- 
ECONOMIC INFORMATION SYSTEM - MULBUD 
ty 
23 
DEPARTMENT 
Atr Val Atr Val 
4 5 
precipitation, relative humidity, wind 
velocity, solar radiation, sowing dates, crop 
selection, length of growing stages, soil 
texture, relevant water table characteristics 
on the root zone, and root growth over 
various growing stages. 
98481 { 1394 J 
; : 
loo.oo : loo.oo ¡ 
22.16 : 0.32 : 
22.16 ; 0.32 : 
51512 I 494 : 
52.31 ! 35.44 ! 
57.42 1 0.56 ! 
11.59 1 0.12 ! 
36381 1 900 ! 
36.95 I 64.57 J 
43.69 S 1.09 ! 
8.19 i 0.21 : 
8419 ! 0 
8.55 ! 0.00 
4.56 ¡ 0.00 
1.90 ! 0.00 
2169 i 0 
2.21 S 0.00 
2.51 J 0.00 
0.49 ! 0.00 
If the data base is not established, the user 
is provided with a data management option 
facilitating data input and editing for 
selected locations. Data requirements 
include: location identification, 
temperature, precipitation, relative 
humidity, wind velocity, solar radiation, 
sowing dates, crop selection, length of 
growing stages, soil texture, relevant water 
table characteristics on the root zone, and 
root growth over various growing stages. In 
combination with other CRIES-RIS modules and 
the established data base, the YIELD model 
provides the user with the analytical 
framework to evaluate physical and socio 
economic attributes by location, and 
determine the comparative advantage of sites 
for cropping alternatives. 
PORTION OF TWO- 
RAINFALL AND 
The CRIES-AIS-YIELD module was developed to 
provide agronomists, land use planners, 
resource managers and policy analysts with a 
low cost, micro computer-based analysis tool 
in resource assessment studies. A summary 
description of the model is provided belok 
(Table 1): 
Table 1. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE CRIES-AGRO- 
ECONOMIC INFORMATION SYSTEM - YIELD 
rease 
the 
grid 
e 
cells 
in 
user- 
es raster 
files 
m e n t s 
(under 
ut of 
the 
CRIES 
оVided 
below: 
C INFORMATION 
sleeted modules 
'ormation Systen 
T or AT micro- 
jerating systei 
point processor, 
lULBUD modu 1 es, 
d from "Yield 
bos and Kassai 
. was developed 
ws (1985) and 
>del. 
ity to predict 
nb er of food and 
d locations and 
mode 1, can be 
>ase containing 
yield response 
ica1 zones or 
tes. If the data 
iser is provided 
n facilitating 
for selected 
ents include: 
temperature. 
(CRIES-AIS-YIELD) 
• MODIFIED AFTER D00RENB0S ET AL. "YIELD RESPONSE TO 
WATER" FAO 
• INCORPORATES THE "WAGENINGEN METHOD" (BASED ON 
SLABBERS AND THE WIT) FOR ALFALFA, MAIZE, SORGHUM AND 
WHEAT. 
• INCORPORATES THE AGR0-ECOLOGICAL ZONE METHOD FOR 
LARGE AREA YIELD PREDICTIONS OF 26 CROPS. 
« COMPUTER MODEL PREDICTS YIELD RESPONSE TO WATER 
AVAILABILITY UNDER RAIN-FED OR IRRIGATED CONDITIONS. 
• PROVIDES QUANTIFICATION OF VARIOUS CROP YIELD FOR 
AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES 
• MODEL HAS FIVE PHASES (FOUR CURRENTLY IMPLEMENTED) 
-PHASE 1: DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM POTENTIAL YIELD 
(Ym) OF ADAPTED CROP VARIETY ASSUMING NO LIMITING 
GROWTH FACTORS (E.G. WATER, FERTILIZER, PESTS, AND 
DISEASES) 
-PHASE 2: CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 
(ETm-PENMAN) WHEN CROP WATER REQUIREMENTS ARE FULLY 
MET BY AVAILABLE WATER SUPPLY. 
-PHASE 3: COMPUTATION OF ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 
(ETa) BASED ON FACTORS AFFECTING CROP WATER 
AVAILABILITY. 
-PHASE 4: CALCULATION OF ESTIMATED YIELD (Ye) BY 
EVALUATING CROP WATER REQUIREMENTS, WATER SUPPLY AND 
RESPONSE FACTORS AT VARIOUS STAGES OF PLANT 
DEVELOPMENT. 
•INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING CROPS: ALFALFA, BANANA, BEAN, 
CABBAGE, CITRUS, COTTON, GRAPE, GROUNDNUT, MAIZE, 
OLIVE, ONION, PEA, PEPPER, PINEAPPLE, POTATO, RICE, 
SAFFLOWER, SORGHUM, SOYBEAN, SUGARBEET, SUGARCANE, 
SUNFLOWER, TOBACCO, TOMATO, WATERMELON, AND WHEAT. 
5.2 The CRIES - AIS - MULBUD Model. 
Farming systems, representing land 
utilization options and regional or national 
aggregates, need to be evaluated with regards 
to their optimum performance characteristics 
and resulting socio-economic benefits derived 
under alternative land use and development 
policy scenarios. Typical production options 
in developing countries can be characterized 
as variations of mixed cropping systems, 
representing multiple enterprises and their 
(CRIES-AIS-MULBUD) 
* ADAPTED FROM ETHERINGTON AND MATTHEWS, 1984 
* PERMITS ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF A SINGLE FARMING 
SYSTEM CHARACTERIZED BY MULTIPLE AND INTERCROPPING 
PRACTICES AS TYPICALLY FOUND IN THE (SUB)TROPICS. 
* PERMIT THE EVALUATION OF LAND USE/PRODUCTION 
OPTIONS OVER A PERIOD OF TIME BASED OF ANNUAL AND 
PERENNIAL CROPS, AGRO-FORESTRY SYSTEMS AND LIVESTOCK 
PRODUCTION OPERATED AS A MULTIPLE ENTERPRISE ON A 
SINGLE LOCATION (FARMING SYSTEM UNIT). 
• MODEL INPUTS INCLUDE: LABOR OPERATIONS AND COSTS, 
WAGE RATES AND LABOR AVAILABILITY, DISCOUNT RATES, 
TERMINAL VALUES, FERTILIZER, PLANT MATERIAL, 
CHEMICALS, PRODUCT TYPES AND PRICES, LAND USE 
INDICES. 
• MODEL OUTPUTS: GRAPHICAL DISPLAY OF LABOR 
REQUIREMENTS AND COSTS, MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS AND 
VARIABLE COSTS, GROSS AND NET REVENUES, NET REVENUE 
PER LABOR UNIT, SUM OF NET PRESENT VALUES, 
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS FOR VARIABLE DISCOUNT RATES, 
INTERNAL RATE OF RETURNS, PROFILE OF LAND USAGE WITH 
TIME. 
Table 3. CRIES-AIS-YIELD model, Example of 
Phase I Output for Bananas. 
OUCS - MKKCONOHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM 
YIELD GENERATOR (CRIES - AIS - YIELD) 
MICHIGRN STATE UNl^RSITY, EAST LANSING, Ml 48623 
COUNTRY NATO JAMAICA CROP TYPE: BANANA TROPICAL LATITUDE: 18.01(4*1) 
POL./ACM. DISTRICT: ST. CADOIIC TEAR OF ORIGIN: 1*2 HEMISPHERE: NORTTCRN 
ICATTCR STATION NAfC: WORTHY PARK GROWTH PERK»: 2/15/1*2 TO 12/30/1*2 AWRAGE ALT I TUBE: 59.06U) 
RESOURCE PROO UNIT OR PROO POTENTIAL (BUT: 1.12 TINE INCREMENTS (<T): 3 (*ys> 
AGRO-ECOLOGICAL KBC: 11 
PHASE t: DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM POTENTIAL YIELD (Yu). 
T HTH/DAY GROSS DRY MATTER PRODUCTION STANDARD CROP - (k?/lu) GROSS DRY NATTER PRODUCTION POTENTIAL YIELD 
(DAYS) ни t*Ul «« « *v*rc**t <Uy « *« cl**r 4*y w « ******** cMT«ctl«fls §***««*»**** ******* (kg/Ht) h*w 
<*bs«l (cm* Ubsol (cum (tbs*I < cum (pr<xi (cleud (1«tf (iwt (lurvt (*bs*lut< <cum 
cb»**) clung«) dung*) dung«) dung«) dung«) r*t*) g*rc) *f** f) f) U4«x) dung«) dung*) 
5 2/15 2341. 
10 2/20 2383. 
15 2/25 2426. 
20 3/2 2469. 
25 3/7 2512. 
30 3/12 2556. 
35 3/17 2599. 
40 3/22 2641. 
45 3/27 2684. 
50 4/ 1 2728. 
55 4/6 2771. 
60 4/11 2815. 
65 4/16 2824. 
70 4/21 2810. 
75 4/26 2795. 
80 5/ 1 2779. 
15 5/6 2763. 
90 5/11 2746. 
95 5/16 2770. 
100 5/21 2821. 
105 5/26 2873. 
110 V31 2925. 
115 6/ 5 2977. 
120 6/10 3030. 
125 6/15 эоео. 
130 6/20 3129. 
135 6/25 3179. 
140 6/30 3221. 
2341. 994. 
4724. 1011. 
7150. 1028. 
9619. 1044. 
12132. 1061. 
14687. 1078. 
17286. 1094. 
19927. 1109. 
22611. 1124. 
25339. 1138. 
281 И). 11S3. 
30925. 1168. 
33750. 1179. 
Э6560. 1186. 
39354. 1194. 
421Э4. 1202. 
44896. 1209. 
47643. 1217. 
50413. 1222. 
53234. 1224. 
56108. 1227. 
59032. 1229. 
62009. 1232. 
65039. 1234. 
68119. 1235. 
71248. 1234. 
74426. 1234. 
77647. 1233. 
994. 1901. 
2005. 1929. 
3032. 1956. 
4077. 1984. 
5138. 2011. 
6216. 2039. 
7310. 2064. 
8419. 2088. 
9542. 2112. 
10681. 2136. 
11834. 2160. 
13002. 2183. 
14181. 2202. 
15367. 2216. 
16561. 2231. 
17763. 2245. 
18972. 2260. 
20189. 2274. 
21411. 2283. 
22635. 2289. 
23861. 2294. 
25090. 2299. 
26322. 2305. 
27556. 2310. 
28791. 2311. 
30025. 2309. 
31259. 2307. 
32492. 2Э05. 
1901. 50.11 
3830. 50.78 
5786. 51.44 
7770. 52.11 
9782. 32.78 
11820. Я. 44 
13885. 54.11 
15973. 54.78 
18085. 55.44 
20220. 56.11 
22390. 56.78 
24563. 57.44 
26765. 57.93 
28*1. 58.41 
31212. 58.89 
33457. 59.37 
35717. 59.85 
37992. 60.33 
40275. 60.70 
42564. 61.07 
44858. 61.44 
47157. 61.81 
49462. 62.19 
51772. 62.56 
54083. 63.30 
56392. 64.04 
58699. 64.78 
61004. 65.00 
.48 .48 .50 
.49 .48 .50 
.Я .48 .50 
.50 .48 .50 
.51 .48 .50 
.51 .48 .50 
.32 . 48 .50 
.52 .48 .50 
•Я .48 .50 
.Я .48 .30 
.Я .48 .50 
.54 .48 .50 
.Я .48 .50 
.Я .48 .50 
.59 . 48 .50 
.61 .48 .50 
.62 .48 .50 
.64 . 48 .50 
.63 .48 .50 
.62 .48 .50 
.61 .48 .Я 
.59 . 48 . 50 
.58 .48 .50 
•Я .48 .50 
.56 . 48 .Я 
.Я .48 .Я 
.54 . 48 .Я 
.Я .48 .Я 
Я. Я. 
Я. 113. 
61. 353. 
62. 415. 
63. 478. 
64. 543. 
65. 606. 
67. 675. 
68. 742. 
68. 810. 
67, 877. 
67. 945. 
67. 1011. 
66. 1078. 
66. 1143. 
66. 1210. 
68. 1278. 
69. 1347. 
70. 1417. 
71. 1488. 
73. 1Я1. 
74. 1635. 
75. 1710. 
76. 1786. 
77. 1864. 
products produced over a period of time. The 
MULBUD model (Etherington and Matthews, 1985) 
permits appraisal of land use options over a 
period of time and their derived socio 
economic benefits on a sustained basis. 
A summary description of the MULBUD model is 
provided (Table 2). 
Important features of MULBUD include the 
ability to: specify variable cost <>f inputs 
(labor and materials) and total projet value 
by time period/production cycle (stason and 
year) for selected enterprises, produce 
graphical displays of seasonal labor 
requirements versus net revenues generated, 
conduct sensitivity analysis on discount 
rates and changes in material costs and gross 
revenue, and provide summaries of variable 
costs, returns and net present values at 
user-defined discount rates.