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- . Coordinates of the principal point of the toponym.
Toponymic project will have to determine definition
of the principal point for each topographic feature
- A Descriptive position, which can be either name and/or
nomenclature of map sheet of certain scale,
municipality name or other local administrative unit's
name.
The quality of toponymic database will arise if more attributes
could be added. Some of the attributes that can be put in
database are:
- Variant name, which can be the same toponym
written in other form or in other language
- Cartographic name, variant of toponym used on a
map (for example abbreviated name)
- Status of standardisation of toponym, (for example
officially approved, historic, etc.)
- . Coordinates that define position of the topographic
object, (for example, minimum and maximum
coordinate values)
- . Numerical value (for example number of inhabitants
or mountain height)
- Link to the superior topographic object of the same
topographic feature category (for example, mountain
peak linked to mountain, mountain linked to mountain
chain)
- Identification number of toponym or topographic
object from gazetteer that was source for toponym.
Number of additional attributes can be even larger, but
optimum level will be defined after thorough optimisation of
expected expenses related to expected data quality.
S. CONCLUSION
The production of a comprehensive register of geographic
names is an extensive, but necessary and still not initiated work
that the Croatian official geodesy is to be faced with. With
regard to the importance, extensiveness and significance of
producing an adequate toponymic database it is indispensable to
establish the collaboration on a wide level that would include
geodesists, geographers, cartographers, linguists, historians and
others.
Although creation of toponymic database is important and is
tremendous effort, without establishment of official
governmental body that will be responsible for the content and
maintaining of database, results of those efforts will not be fully
accepted among users and by time can be overridden by other
unformal, unofficial and unreliable gazetteers.
Along with establishment of principles and procedures for using
and creating toponyms on official, Croatian language, the care
has to be taken also to the minority languages, narrative names
and to non-Croatian toponyms, the way that toponyms are used
in languages of neighboring languages.
References from Journals:
Buljat, J., 1997. Medunarodne aktivnosti normizacije
geografskog nazivlja, Geodetski list, 2, pp. 158- 161.
Orth, D.J., 1990. "Organization and functions of a National
Geographical Names Standardization Programme: A Manual.",
99
World Cartography, Vol. XXI, New York, United Nations, pp.
11-40.
References from Books:
Lovrié, P., 1988. Opéa kartografija, Liber, Zagreb.
References from Other Literature:
State Geodetic Administration, 1995. Sluzbeni topografsko-
kartografski informacijski sustav — Idejni projekt, Zavod za
fotogrametriju d.d., Zagreb.
State Geodetic Administration, 1999. Law of state survey and
real estate cadastre, Narodne novine br. 128/99, Zagreb
State Geodetic Administration, 2000. Topografsko informacijski
sustav Republike Hrvatske — CROTIS, Temeljna naëela —
Katalog objekata, verzija 1.0, GEOFOTO d.o.o., Zagreb.
State Geodetic Administration, 2001. Object Catalogue, version
1.1, Croatian Topographic Information System — CROTIS,
Zagreb, Croatia
State Geodetic Administration, 2002. Projekt Toponimika —
nazivlje, I. faza, Sveuéciliste u Zagrebu — Geodetski fakultet —
Zavod za kartografiju, Zagreb.
References from websites:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Geographical Names,
http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/index e.php (accessed 20 May
2003)
Institute of the Estonian Language,
http://www.eki.ee/knab/knab.htm (accessed 20 May 2003)
United States Geological Survey, Geographic Names
Information System, http://geonames.usgs.gov/ (accessed 20
May 2003)
PCGN: The Permanent Committee on Geographical Names
for British Official Use, http://www.pegn.org.uk/Indexx.htm
(accessed 20 May 2003)
