All layers are georeferenced in national geodetic co-ordinate 
system. Marginal data include date of source separately for 
topographic and cadastral contents. Geodetic templates are 
prepared in form of sheets with same dimensions as TOPO 5. 
Main purpose of the geodetic template is representation of 
graphics for spatial planning in communes. Planner overlays the 
geodetic template with intended land use, legal and other 
restrictions within the area. Geodetic template is produced from 
the same data as used by planner. Therefore the representation 
shall not include any major positional errors. 
  
  
  
  
Figure 6: Cadastral layer on geodetic template 
  
  
  
  
  
Figure 7: Geodetic template with intended land use 
2.2. National topographic maps between scale 1: 25,000 and 
scale 1: 100,000 
Up to 199, the complete system of state topographic maps at 
scale 1:25,000 and smaller was produced and maintained by 
Military Geographic Institute (VGI) in Belgrade. It represented 
modern and high quality map production system. After 1991 a 
very few materials remained in Slovenia - only copies of 
original films of map scale 1: 25,000 and some printed sheets of 
other topographic maps. With only limited financial resources at 
the beginning the only reasonable way out was to start a new 
design and update the most important part of existing map 
208 
sheets at 1: 25,000 by analogue techniques. Till 1999 all 198 
sheets have been successfully completed. New topographical 
data was captured by analogue photogrammetric survey. At the 
termination of this project Slovenia got the first new national 
topographic map (DTK 25) for its entire territory. 
TTN and DTK 25 sheets were produced in analogue way. All 
originals (films) were scanned at resolution of 300 dpi. They 
could be used as a background for spatial data presentation and 
as a base for vectorisation. Besides, part of DTK 25 contents 
(railroads, roads, contours and hydrology) have been vectorised 
to generate Generalised Cartographic Database (GKB). GKB is 
used for spatial analysis and also as a source of data for digital 
cartography. 
  
   
  
     
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Figure 8: National topographic map 1: 25,000 
For topographic maps at other scales (1: 50,000, 1: 100,000, 
1: 200,000 and smaller) only printed map sheets remained in 
Slovenia causing big technological problems for production of 
new maps. Since Slovenia became a member of Partnership for 
Peace the Slovenian army needed maps compatible with NATO 
standards (at first at scale 1:50,000). Several different 
methodologies and techniques were tested with the intention to 
find an efficient way to build an appropriate map system: 
vector, raster and hybrid methods, use of data from old maps 
and completely new photogrammetric survey. Some 
commercially available cartographic hardware and software 
systems were also tested. All tests were evaluated with help of 
technical (data accuracy, graphic quality) and managerial 
criteria (production costs, resources needed). 
The following solution served the purpose best: First step is 
colour scanning of printed sheets at high resolution. Then paper 
and scanner deformations have to be eliminated to get 
deformation free colour image. By application of various filters 
and image processing techniques the colour image is 
decomposed into several component colour images (black, blue, 
light green, dark green, brown, orange, yellow, and grey). In 
fact these are raster images of printing colours. At the same time 
digital photogrammetric survey provides all changes and 
updates of original map in vector format. This data has to be 
symbolised, generalised and then imported into separate raster 
images. Only features that are shown with new symbols are 
vectorised. Finally, offset films are made using typesetter and 
the map is printed with help of offset printing machine. 
Evaluation. of two test sheets was made at the Source 
Management Division at National Imagery and Mapping 
Agency (NIMA, USA) in October 1998. Horizontal and vertical 
  
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