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Title
New perspectives to save cultural heritage
Author
Altan, M. Orhan

436
FREAK - CONSISTENT SURVEYING AND DOCUMENTATION SYSTEMS
AS A PLANNING BASIS FOR LARGE-SCALE HISTORIC BUILDINGS
D. Donath, F. Petzold, T. Thurow, U. Weferling
Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Chair Computer Science in Architecture
donath@archit.uni-weimar.de, petzold@fossi.uni-weimar.de, torsten.thurow@informatik.uni-weimar.de
ulrich.weferling@archit.uni-weimar.de
Working Group 1, Working Group 6
KEY WORDS: consistent computer-aided building surveying, building model, building information system, method integration
ABSTRACT:
A variety of different kinds of information must be obtained and organised during the early planning phases of a project that is
relevant for later research and planning phases. However, at this stage planning documentation has not usually been drawn up to
which this information can relate to. The common practice of commissioning an initial detailed survey is often too expensive as well
as being time consuming. Moreover, the results do not always reflect the requirements of the planner or the researcher. Their
information requirements are localised and are often successively intensified.
An object-oriented approach for building surveying is proposed based upon a sketch-like iconic initial survey which can be
progressively enriched with information detail. The objects and their inter-relationship is the central model rather that the geometry
of the building. Different kinds of information can be related to building objects and made available to all the project participants.
The implementation of the system was realised as a series of prototypes which communicate with one another using a common data
model and working platform called freak. This system provides a model for a better organisation of information for all areas
concerned with building conservation and World Heritage.
1. INTRODUCTION
When planning for listed buildings, listed ensembles or World
Heritage Sites the planner is often confronted with a similar
situation: Building documentation regarding the built structure,
its condition and historic importance is often lacking or
unstructured. Important planning decisions often have to be
made based upon this uncertain basis. Research has to be
conducted in parallel to the planning of conservation measures
and development of preliminary concepts. Very often this
occurs under pressure within a short time-frame. There is
seldom sufficient time for a fundamental building
documentation and survey of all necessary areas. Nevertheless a
degree of information is collected during this early phase which
is relevant and important for later phases. This information
should not be discarded. It can provide a rough outline to be
further supplemented and enriched with new and more detailed
information as planning progresses. An information
management system for historic building substance should
therefore contain all relevant geometric and non-geometric
parameters for all phases of project planning, from the initial
research and draft concept to a detailed survey as well as
detailed planning information regarding building measures.
For an application of this complexity it is necessary to consider
the process of building documentation and surveying for
planning and research purposes with regard to a series of new
aspects.
A building survey is required in order to identify which
information needs to be captured and to order this
information so that each participant in the project planning
has access to it.
An object-oriented structure should be used which on the
one hand follows a standardised pattern, and on the other is
flexible enough to be adaptable to each individual situation.
A detailed and highly-accurate geometric survey is no
longer the sole basis for planning works but just one of
many possibilities of data and information capture.
In many cases it is useful to sketch out the essential form
and structure of a building in advance for initial planning
studies.
Captured data, whether in sketch form or a detailed survey,
should be stored in relation to objects rather than purely as
graphic representations.
A prototypical software system for the planning and realisation
of renovation works for large buildings based upon this concept
has been developed at the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar.
Fundamental research has been conducted as part of the DFG
funded collaborative research project 'Materials and Structures
in the Revitalisation of Buildings’ (CRS 524), a sub-project of
D2 'IT-supported Systems for Planning within Existing
Buildings'. The central findings (see Donath et al. 2001;
Petzold 2001; Donath 2003) can be also applied to large-scale
historic monuments, ensembles and World Heritage Sites.
2. PLANNING AND RESEARCH ORIENTED
BUILDING SURVEYING: REQUIREMENTS, DATA
CAPTURE AND MODELLING CONCEPTS.
The starting-point with which the architect, archaeologist or
engineer is confronted is often identical: Before the actual
planning task can begin, a comprehensive consideration of the
existing built situation has to be undertaken. This requires an
intensive and detailed exploration and explanation of the
existing situation, a survey of all building-relevant information
necessary to describe and understand the task at hand. The