tal habitat 
ea (ha) 
. 95 
.43 
32 
evel in both 
ere was no 
als but the 
at there was 
Is, the bird 
:eed in the 
st amount of 
er this test 
ude of the 
rovide any 
Df available 
ire likly to 
r prediction 
necessary to 
rences could 
iphs between 
ion-breeding 
e level of 
pes may have 
ird species 
e looked at 
numbers of 
amount of 
lity, in the 
fragmented 
rather than 
in suitable 
territorial 
species so 
s therefore 
;s with the 
re likely to 
s of finding 
ne required 
ber of units 
i the air 
tests were 
reeding and 
iked at: 
difference 
f units of 
:eding and 
difference 
rea per unit 
difference 
>er of units 
eding and 
in level was 
significant 
sison could 
affects of 
ikelihood of 
md. 
different variables to predict bird species 
numbers, bird abundance and bird species 
diversity. Unfortunately there has yet to be 
any agreement. This makes any investigations 
using air photographs more difficult. Of the 
tests carried out a possible relationship was 
identified between area of woodland and 
number of breeding species. No estimates 
could be made concerning species abundance, 
the type of species actually breeding or 
their distribution in the woodland. However, 
the results are not totally negative, 
suggesting prediction may still be possible. 
The next stage of this research will be to 
look at all the variables which have been 
identified in the literature in woodland bird 
population studies and to investigate how 
many of these variables can be obtained from 
air photographs. It may then be possible to 
combine equations using suitable variables. 
7 REFERENCES 
Aronoff S 1985. "The minimum accuracy value 
as an index of classification accuracy". 
Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote 
Sensing, 51, 1:99-111. 
Arrhenius 0 1921. "Species and Area". 
Journal of Ecology, 9:95-99. 
Emlen J T 1974. "An urban bird community in 
Tucson, Arizona: derivation, structure and 
regulation". Condor, 76:184-197. 
Fosberg R, and Peterken 1967. "A 
classification of vegetation for general 
purposes. A guide to the check sheet for 
IBP areas". IBP Handboodk 4:73-120. 
Ginevan M E 1979. "Testing land-use 
accuracy: Another look". Photogrammetric 
Engineering and Remote Sensing 45, 
10:1371-1377. 
Lancaster R K and Rees W C 1979. "Bird 
communities and the structure of urban 
habitats". Canadian Journal of Zoology, 
57,12:2358-2368. 
Moore N W and Hooper M D 1975. "On the 
number of bird species in British woods". 
Biological Conservation 8:239-249. 
Nature Conservancy Council 1984 "Urban 
Nature Conservation" Unpublished position 
statement. 
Skaley J E 1981. "Classifying avian habitats 
with aerial photographs." Ph D Cornell 
University U.S.A. 
Tomialojc L and Profus P 1977. "Comparative 
analysis of breeding bird communities in 
two parts of Wroclaw and in adjacent 
Querco - Carpinetum forest" Acta 
Ornithologica Warszawa 29, XI:117-169. 
West Midlands County Council 1985. "The 
Nature Conservation Strategy for the 
County of the West Midlands" Unpublished 
Report. 
Witherby H F et al 1965. "Witherby's 
Handbook of British Birds" 5 Vols. H F 
and G Witherby Ltd. London. 
Woolhouse M E J 1983. "The theory and 
practice of the species area affect, 
applied to breeding birds of British 
woods". Biological Conservation, 
27,4:315-322. 
sion in the 
¡fulness of 
799