International cooperation and technology transfer

Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Persistent identifier:: 856490555

Author:: Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

Title:: International cooperation and technology transfer

Sub title:: Ljubljana, Slovenia, February 2 - 5, 2000 : proceedings of the workshop

Scope:: VI, 163 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2000

Place of publication:: London

Publisher of the original:: RICS Books

Identifier (digital):: 856490555

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Language:: English

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2016

Document type:: Monograph

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: NATIONAL AND MODERN GEODETIC COORDINATE SYSTEMS IN SLOVENIA. Bojan Stopar, Miran Kuhar

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

is difficult to assume that 7-parameter transformation correctly describe the differences between the two coordinate systems. Using a similarity transformation on a large network may not be appropriate procedure, because it may distort local scale and orientation in the net, originating mostly from the systemtic errors in the measuring data reduction to the reference surface. Î er" °- ^ q f V> b b ® /> a b 6 0 o ' ? s l SCALE OF RESIDUALS \ ' " ». J 0 1 2m Figure 4: Residuals in the astrogeodetic network of Slovenia after the 7-parameter similarity transformation The neglection of the impact of the deflection of the vertical to the measured quantities and neglection of the geoidal heights are the most common source of the systemtic errors in the astrogeodetic network. However this type of transformation gives an overall impresión about the relative point positions in coordinate systems, and also serve as starting point for the detailed assessment of the coordinate system. The 7-parameter similarity transformation of the whole astrogeodetic network shows the residuals of the transformed point positions in the amount up to 1 m. The interesting fact is that the largest residuals occur at the points located on lower part of the country i.e. at the east and at the south-west. Residuals of the transformed coordinates are given in Figure 4. Interpolated displacements in the N-S and E-W directions, are sketched in Figure 5. With the 6-parameter coordinate transformation we compare coordinate systems under the presumption of equal scale in both systems. Such transformation is not very common procedure, since coordinate system which should be transformed, results from different measuring procedures or measuring techniques, what is also the reason for the need of transformation. In general it is much easier to accept that different measuring techniques produce coordinate systems which are rotated, shifted to each other and of different scale. Figure 6: Residuals in the astrogeodetic network of Slovenia after the 6-parameter similarity transformation The residuals after the 6-parameter orthogonal transformation of the ETRS 89 coordinate system to the national coordinate are in the amount to the 2 m.' The residual vectors are now increasing with the increased distance from the centre of the gravity ot the network. The residual vectors of the border points at the eastern and western part of the network exhibit large componets up to 2 m in the E-W direction. Concerning the opposite direction and the almost parallel direction of the residual vectors at these points, it is possible to say that the distance between eastern and western part of the network are for about 4 meters too short. We can even say that the territory of the Republic of Slovenia, as presented in the official coordinate system, is for the same amount i.e. for 4 meters too short in E-W direction, and for about 2 m too short in N-S direction. Residuals of the 6- parameter transformation are given in Figure 6. The residuals in the Fig. 4 and in Fig 6. should be understood as the discrepancies between official and the true point positions. The same is valid also for the sketch in Fig. 5. Figure 5: Interpolated displacements in the astrogeodetic network of Slovenia after the 7-parameter similarity transformation in N-S (left) and E-W (right) direction with the contour interval 100 mm At the end we tried to estimate the scale (the unit length) in the local coordinate system as a function of a position in the coordinate system. For the scale assessment we formed 37 triangles connecting 27 points in the net. In each triangle the scale factor was estimated with the similarity 7-parameter transformation. Scale factor as function of the position in the net

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