no 
which Santoni call 
gisttution Of eo 
  
  
       
   
pample: et 7e? eb = 104; x = Sem; f = 11,5 em 
y =0 
0X = 18u for n=3 
óX = 18u for n — 2. 
àY = [e,c (n + 1) — e? n - eb] 
x — [eje (n -- 1) — e? n t eh] 
The graphs below demonstrate the effect of the projection errors which Santoni calls 
ISEUDO — o». 
(e, ^0 
  
  
  
  
| | 
ger | 
| | || ) | 
[| /| 
| || | / | 
i i - | 
Example: x = 8 em; y — 8 em; f — 11,5 cm; e,° = 
oY 0X 
18 u 32 u 
13 u 24 u 
Whereas a real w-effect results in 0X. — §Y for points over the diagonals, a pseudo 
Hom as criterion OX > 0Y, within the useable range of the instruments. 
13, Effect in some instruments. 
ÿ) Wild A7, 
The effect on the projection can be considered only in connection with x-inclination 
"-Schiefe) and y-inclination (Breitenfehler). 
The carriage containing the floating mark is supported by a swinging girder, rotating 
"uM the axis S (see fig. 10 and 11). G may be the centre of the above gimbal axis 
"ning mechanically the photo point. G' may be the foot of the perpendicular from G 
Mi {he photo plane, F may be the projection of the floating mark onto the photo plane. 
projection ray does not pass G but intersects secondary axis. 
] et 
= 0 and e, = 0 in equations (2) gives 
VY: 
Z 
XY 
ZVY24 Z2 
— 
  
  
  
a — b - 
—91 ei 
for n9 
for n = 2. 
  
     
      
    
  
    
  
  
   
     
    
    
    
    
Ie lu dr ri 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
ES 
  
  
  
  
  
  
EE 
a